Makhopho a pancreatic

Kankere ea "pancreatic" - neoplasm e mpe e tsoang ho epithelium ea lithane tsa glandular kapa li-dancts tsa pancreatic.

Kankere ea "pancreatic"
ICD-10	C 25 25.
ICD-10-KM	C25.0, C25.1 le C25.2
ICD-9	157 157
ICD-9-KM	157.1, 157.8, 157.0 le 157.2
Omim	260350
Ditsietsi	9510
Medlineplus	000236
eMedicine	med / 1712
Mesh	D010190

Keketseho ea mofetše oa pancreatic e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo. Lefu lena ke mofets'e oa botšelela o tloaelehileng ho fetisisa ho batho ba baholo. E ama haholo-holo batho ba tsofetseng, ka ho lekana hangata banna le basali. United States, kankere ea manyeme hajoale e sebakeng sa bone har'a lisosa tsa lefu la mofetše. Ho latela tlhahlobo ea mantlha ea Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere, ka 2015, hlahala ena e tla fumanoa ho batho ba 48 960, mme bakuli ba 40 560 ba tla shoa. Kotsi ea mofets'e ho moahi e mong le e mong oa United States nakong ea bophelo ke 1.5%.

Mabaka a kotsi a kankere ea pancreatic ke:

Mafu a tšoaetsang a kenyeletsa:

Ka tloaelo, hlahala e ama hlooho ea tšoelesa (50-60% ea linyeoe), 'mele (10%), mohatla (5-8% ea linyeoe). Ho na le lesion e felletseng ea manyeme - 20-35% ea linyeoe. Makhopho ke boka bo bosehla bo se nang meeli e hlakileng, karolong eo, e tšoeu kapa e bosehla bo bobebe.

Haufinyane ho fumanoe gene e amang sebopeho sa lisele tse tloaelehileng tsa "pancreatic", tse ka amehang ntlafatsong ea mofets'e. Ho latela lipatlisiso tse phatlalalitsoeng koranteng ea Tlhaho ea Tlhaho, mofuta oa sepheo ke P1 protein kinase gene (PKD1). Ka ho e sebelisa, ho tla khonahala ho thibela kholo ea hlahala. PKD1 - e laola kholo ea tumor ka bobeli le metastasis. Hajoale, bafuputsi ba ntse ba tšoarehile ho theha PKD1 inhibitor e le hore e ka lekoa hape.

Phuputso e entsoeng Setsing sa Bongaka sa Langon Univesithing ea New York e fumane hore mofetše oa pancreatic o ne o le monyetla oa ho eketseha ka 59% ho bakuli ba nang le microorganism molomong. Porphyromonas gingivalis. Hape, kotsi ea lefu lena e feta habeli haeba mokuli a fumanoa Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans. Ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo e tla supa monyetla oa ho ba le mofetše oa pancreatic.

Ka kakaretso, ho na le mefuta e 5 ea nalane ea mofetše oa pancreatic:

• Adenocarcinoma
• Squcinous cell carcinoma
• Cystadenocarcinoma
• Acinar cell carcinoma
• Kankere e sa khetholloeng

Adenocarcinoma e atileng ka ho fetisisa e bonoang ho 80% ea linyeoe tsa kankere ea pancreatic.

Lymphogenic metastasis ea mofetše oa pancreatic e na le mekha e mene. Boemong ba pele, li-pancreatoduodenal lymph node lia ameha (haufi le hlooho ea manyeme), karolong ea bobeli - retropiloric le hepatoduodenal, ebe li-celiac le li-mesenteric lymph node ka karolo ea bone - retroperitoneal (paraaortic) lymph node.

Hemato native metastasis e lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea metastases e hole ka har'a sebete, mapheo, liphio, masapo.

Ntle le moo, ho na le phetisetso ea ho fetisoa ha lisele tsa tumor haufi le peritoneum.

Tlhophiso ea Clinical TNM e sebetsa feela ho li-carcinomas tsa "pancreatic carcinomas" le "pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors" ho kenyelletsa le "carcinoids".

T - hlahala ea mantlha

• Tx - hlahala ea mantlha e ke ke ea hlahlojoa
• T0 - ho haella ha data ho hlahala ea mantlha
• Tis - carcinoma ka set
• T1 - hlahala e sa feteng 2 cm ka boholo bo boholo kahara manyeme
• T2 - hlahala e kholo ho feta 2 cm ka boholo bo boholo kahara manyeme
• T3 - hlahala e fetela ka nqane ho manyeme, empa ha e ame kutu ea "celiac" kapa "mesenteric artery e phahameng"
• T4 - hlahala e hola ka har'a kutu ea "celiac" kapa "mesenteric artery" e phahameng

Tis e boetse e kenyelletsa pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia III.

N - li-lymph node tsa tikoloho

• Nx - Li-lymph node tsa libaka ha li na ho hlahlojoa.
• N0 - ha ho metastases libakeng tsa lymph node
• N1 - ho na le metastases libakeng tsa lymph node

Lintlha: Li-lymph node tsa tikoloho ke li-periopancreatic node, tse ka arohanang ka tsela e latelang:

M - metastases tse hole

• M0 - ha ho metastases e hole,
• M1 - ho na le metastases tse hole.

Matšoao a kankere ea pancreatic hangata ha a qaqisoe ebile ha a hlahisoe, mabapi le moo tumello maemong a mangata e fumanoang maemong a morao a ts'ebetso. Har'a matšoao, jaundice e sa khaotseng hangata e ba teng hangata nakong ea ho mela kapa ha compress ea li-ducts tsa bile.

Haeba hlahala e ama hlooho ea tšoelesa, joale e iponahatsa e le Courvoisier syndrome: holim 'a leqele le kaholimo la mpa le emeng la mpa, senya ea nyooko e holofetse ka lebaka la khatello ea bile. Kankere ea 'mele le mohatla oa manyeme e tsamaea le bohloko ba bohloko ba epigastric, bo benyang ka mokokotlong o tlase mme bo latela boemo ba' mele. Ho mela ka lebaka la hlahala ea ka mpeng le mokokotlo o pharalletseng o baka pherekano matleng a bona. Nakong e tlang, ts'ebetso ea sefuba le litho tse ling tsa tšilo ea lijo li senyehile. Ho ka tsoa mali ho tsoa litho tse amehang.

Kankere ea "pancreatic" e boetse e tsamaisana le matšoao a tloaelehileng a hlahala: maloetse a kankere, ho fokotseha ha takatso ea lijo le boima ba 'mele, bofokoli bo akaretsang, feberu, jj.

Mekhoa ea ho etsa lipatlisiso ea setso e fumanehang ka bongata ebile e ntlafalitsoe ka tomography ka ntlafatso ea phapang ea bolus. Mekhoa ena e re lumella hore re se bone feela ho ata ha "tumor" ea mantlha, empa hape le ho lekola boteng ba metastases, conccomitant pathology. Ntle le moo, mekhoa ea X-ray e sebelisoa ho latela lipontšo, joalo ka ho hlahloba mpa le duodenum ka barium sulfate (ho lekola boteng ba litšitiso tse tlatsitsoeng ka lebaka la khatello ea tumor), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ho lekola ho ata ha bile duct le lesapo la pancreatic duct, netefatso ea morphological). Bakeng sa ho hlahloba lefu lena, laparotomy e nang le biopsy e ka sebelisoa.

Ntle le mekhoa ea ho khetholla likarolo tsa sebopeho sa manyeme, ho na le mekhoa e ka khethang ka bonngoe kholo ea lefu lena. E 'ngoe ea mekhoa ena ke boikemisetso ba metalloproteinases ea mali maling.

Endoscopic Ultrasound Edita

Tsoelo-pele ea bohlokoa ho fumaneng ts'oaetso ea mofets'e oa "pancreatic cancer" qalong ke endosonography (endoscopic ultrasound). Ho fapana le li-ultrasound tse tloaelehileng, ho sebelisoa mofuta oa "endoscope" o nang le k'hamera ea video le probe ea ultrasound bakeng sa endosonography, e ka kenngoang ka popelong ka kotloloho ho sebopeho se ithutoang. Endosonography e rarolla bothata ba ho hlaka ha litšoantšo bo hlahang ha ho hlahlojoa litho tse tebileng ka mokhoa oa transdermal. Ka mofets'e oa pancreatic, endoscopic ultrasound e u lumella ho theha tlhahlobo ea mafu maemong a 90-95% hlakisa qalong.

Jack Andraki Tester Edita

Mathoasong a 2012, Jack Andraka, monna ea mocha ea lilemo li 15 ea tsoang North County High School seterekeng sa Baltimore sa Glen Burnie, Maryland, USA, o ile a qapa moqapi oa mofets'e o ka sibollang mofets'e oa "pancreatic", "lung" le "cancer" ea mofets'e. methati ea pele ka tlhaiso ea mali kapa urine. Mohlahisi ea boletsoeng o thehiloe motheong oa pampiri bakeng sa ho etsa liteko tsa lefu la tsoekere.

Ho ea ka sengoli, ho latela likhakanyo tse sa nepahalang, mokhoa o potlakile ho feta makhetlo a lekholo, makhetlo a mashome a theko e tlase (teseletso ea pampiri bakeng sa tlhahiso ea bongata ha e sa feteng lisente tse 3), mme makhetlo a makholo a tebile ho feta mekhoa e neng e le teng pele liteko. Ho nepahala ha lipolelo tsa pele ho nako e kanna ea ba 90% kapa ho feta. Nts'etsopele le lipatlisiso tsa moqapi e monyane li hlahisitsoe ke lefu ka lebaka la mofetše oa pancreatic oa motsoalle oa hlooho ea khomo oa moshanyana eo.

Bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea hae ea boqapi, Jack Andraca o amohetse chelete ea $ 75,000 ka Motšeanong 2012 Lenaneong la Phapanyetsano ea Baithuti le Mahlale a Lefatše, e etsahalang selemo le selemo USA (Intel ISEF 2012). Thuso e ne e tšehelitsoe ke Intel. Ka Pherekhong 2014, ho ile ha hatisoa sengoloa makasineng ea Forbes se neng se belaela ka tsela eo Jack Andrak a ileng a lekoa ka eona.

• Ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso (ho ea ka lipontšo, ho ba sieo ha metastases - maemong a 10-15%)
• Radiotherapy (hammoho le ts'ebetso ea bongaka)
• Chemotherapy
• Pheko ea Hormone
• Phekolo ea matšoao (anesthesia, jj.)
• Virotherapy
• Khethollo e sa fetoheng (Nanorear)

Bakeng sa mekhoa ea ho buoa, pancreatoduodenal resection e atile haholo mofets'e oa pancreatic (Ts'ebetso ea Whipple), e kenyeletsang ho tlosoa ha hlooho ea manyeme ka tumello, karolo ea duodenum, karolo ea mpa le senya sa botona se nang le lymph node. Ho sitisa motho ho buuoa ke ho phatlalatsoa ha hlahala ho likepe tse kholo tse haufi le boteng ba metastases e hole.

Phekolo ea postoperative, e bitsoang adjuential kalafo, e fuoa bakuli ba se nang matšoao a ho kula a setseng, empa ho na le monyetla oa hore likaroloana tse bobebe tsa "microscopic tumor" li lule 'meleng, tseo, haeba li sa phekoloe, li ka lebisang ho hlaheng hape le lefu.

Ha ho na maemo. Mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho buoa e ka fokotsa lefu la perioperative ka ho fihlela ho 5%. Le ha ho le joalo, pholoho ea nakoana kamora ho buuoa ke likhoeli tse 15-19, 'me ho pholoha ha lilemo tse hlano ho ka tlase ho 20%. Haeba ho sa khonehe ho tlosa lesapo ka botlalo, ho khutlela morao hangata ho latela, ho bakuli ba ts'ebetsong ba khutlisetsang nako ea bona ea bophelo nako e telele ho feta ho bakuli ba sa sebetseng. Boemo ba hona joale ba bongaka ha bo lumelle kalafo e sebetsang ea mofetše oa pancreatic mme haholo e shebane le kalafo ea matšoao. Maemong a mang, phello e molemo e fanoa ke kalafo ea interferon. Tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea ho pholoha lilemo tse 5 kamora kalafo ea bongaka e matla ke 8-45%, e e etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea maloetse a kotsi ka ho fetisisa.

Tlhahisoleseling ka kakaretso

Li-pancreatic tumors li ka ba teng ka bobeli ho endocrine le karolong ea eona ea procrine, empa exocrine neoplasms predomost. Har'a tsona, ho na le hlahala e mpe, ka 90% ea linyeoe tse emeloang ke pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma. Li-tumor tsa Benign ha li fumanehe seoelo, li hlaha haholo ho tsoa liseleng tse hlahisang li-enzyme tsa mokokotlo, hammoho le mokokotlo oa li-ducts (cystadenoma). Li-tumors tse entsoeng ho tsoa lisele tsa Langerhans (karolo ea endocrine ea manyeme) li ka ba le mafolofolo a li-hormone kapa tsa inert. Li-tumor tse sebetsang hantle ka ho fetisisa li na le tleliniki e khanyang ka ho fetesisa, kaha li hlahisa bongata ba lintho tse sebetsang 'me li baka "moea oa sefefo se matla" ho "mmele. Boithuto lefapheng la pancreatic oncopathology li tiisa hore lihlahala tsa setho sena ho basali li fumanoa habeli ho banna, mme ketsahalo ea tlhoro e ba teng ka lilemo tse 35-50.

Pancreatic tumor classication

Li-neoplasms tsohle ka tšimoloho ea tsona li arotsoe ka benign (e khetholloang haholo) le malignant (undifferentiated). Ntle le moo, li-tumor tsa "pancreatic" li khetholloa ho latela boemo ba lehae, sebopeho sa nalane, mathata a sebetsang. Neoplasm ea pancreatic e ka ba hlooho, 'mele, mohatla, lihlekehleke tsa Langerhans, ducts, kapa sebaka sa tumor node ha se na ho hlalosoa.

Ho latela sebopeho sa nalane, ho 80% ea linyeoe, li-pancreatic tumors ke tsa tlhaho ea epithelial (ho tloha lisele tsa acinar le endocrine, ductal epithelium, se sa tsejoeng kapa se tsoakiloeng), li-non-epithelial tis, mali le li-lymph li ka sebetsa e le mohloli, mme li-neoplasms le tsona li ka ba le tšimoloho ea dysontogenetic le metastatic.

Mefuta e latelang ea "pancreatic tumors" ea "epithelial genesis" e khetholloa: ho tsoa liseleng tsa acinar (benign - adenomas, malignant - acinar cell cancer), duct epithelium (benign - cystadenomas, malignant - adenocarcinoma, scirr, squamous le anaplastic cancer.

Makhopho a pancreatic endocrine a ka tsoa liseleng tsa li-isanger tsa Langerhans (insulinomas, gastrinomas, vipomas) kapa li beuse (carcinoid). Ho latela tekanyo ea phapang ea sele, le tsona li ka ba tse kholo haholo, tse mahareng, le tse fapaneng haholo; li-endocrine tumors tsa motsoako o tsoakaneng le o sa hlaka hantle, li-mucocarcinoids, mefuta e sa khetholloang ea mofets'e, li-tumor states (hyperplasia le ectopy ea li-pancreatic endocrine cell, polyendocrine neoplasia syndrome) le tsona lia fumanoa.

Ts'ebetso e hlophisitsoeng ea li-pancreatic tumors e kenyelletsa maemo a latelang: ho ba sieo ha litšitiso, boemo bo sebetsang bo sa boletsoeng, ho senyeha ha pancreatic: hypofunction, hyperfunction (hypoglycemia le hyperglycemia, achlorhydria, lets'ollo, lefu la Zollinger-Ellison le gastrinoma, lefu la Werner-Morrison le polyandocardia neoplasia, hypersecretion ea serotonin).

Boholo bo sa atise ho ba le makhopho a manyeme, "lymphoid" le "cystadenocarcinomas" a tšoaetsanoang le kankere ea makhopho. Li-tumor tse sebetsang ka Hormonally hangata li arotsoe ho tsoa ho li-tishu tse phetseng hantle, li etsa karolo e sa feteng 0,3% ea li-pancreatic neoplasms, ho tse tharo tsa tsona li emeloa ke insulinoma. Mofuta o kotsi oa kliniki oa li-neoplasms tse sebetsang o ka angoa feela ke ho ba teng ha metatoases ea hemato native (hangata hangata e le hepatic). Li-neoplasms tse mpe tsa ducts li nka karolo ea 90 lekholong ea li-pancreatic tumors le 80% ea "pancreatobiliary zone".

Matšoao a hlahala a makhopho a pancreatic

Boholo ba li-pancreatic tumor li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa iponahatsa ka lilemo tse ngata. Haeba kliniki ea neoplasm e hlahile, lintlha tse latelang li bua molemong oa lefu la mokokotlo la benign: ho ba sieo ha nalane ea mofets'e oa pancreatic ka mola, ho se be teng ha kliniki e boletsoeng ea lefu lena le matšoao a tahi ea tumor, le kholo ea butle ea neoplasm.

Adenomas ea pancreatic origin ha e na lipontšo tsa bongaka; hangata li fumanoa ka phoso nakong ea ts'ebetso ea opereishene kapa autopsy.Li-cystadenomas le cystadenocarcinomas li ka fihla ka boholo bo boholo mme ka lebaka la sena li bonoa 'me li khabisitsoe ka lebota la mpa la ka mpeng. Ka nako e ts'oanang, setšoantšo sa kliniki ha se na nako e telele 'me se hlaha mehatong ea morao ha tumor e qala ho sutumetsa duct e tloaelehileng ea duct le li-pancreatic duct, mala, likepe tse haufi le methapo.

Tleliniki e hohelang ka ho fetesisa e na le li-tumor tse sebetsang ka bongata: insulin e eketsehang ka ho sa feleng nakong ea insulinoma e lebisa ho hypoglycemia, gastrinoma e hlahisoa ho nts'etsopele ea Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ulcers ulcers, hypersecretion ea bohlokoa ea lero la gastric, lithuto tse mpe tsa lefu lena), mahloko a bonahala ka lefu la Werner-Morrison (lefu la lets'ollo) , achlorhydria), carcinoid - hyperserotoninemia le carcinoid (lefu le matla la ho chesoa ke lefu le chesang, lets'ollo, cramping le ka mpeng, ho se lekane. Sena Machine pelo le letona).

Tleliniki ea maqeba a makhopho a kotsi a pancreatic ducts hangata e hlaha feela maemong a morao a lefu lena, e na le liponahatso le matšoao a ho senya litho tsa boahelani. Matšoao a tloaelehileng a tsamaisana le ho tahoa ha tumor: bohloko ba ka mpeng bo tlohella mokokotlong, ho theola boima ba 'mele, khaello ea mali, ho hloka takatso ea lijo. Ho hlahala ha hlahala ho litho le lisele tse potileng le eona ho iponahatsa ka matšoao a ho senyeha hoa litho tsena (ascites ka khatello ea methapo, ho se lekane ha manonyeletso le li-pancreatic ho haella ha thibelo ea duct e tloaelehileng le duct e tloaelehileng, matšoao a ho senyeha ha mpa, joalo-joalo.

Tlhahlobo ea lihlahala tsa pancreatic

Bakeng sa tlhahlobo e tlang ka nako le boikemisetso bo nepahetseng ba mofuta oa tumello ea pancreatic, mosebetsi o kopanetsoeng oa gastroenterologist, ngaka e buoang le endoscopist oa hlokahala. Ntle le tšebeliso ea mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho bona ka mahlo le ho ngola lik'hemik'hale tsa neoplasms, ho batla ho le thata ho khetholla tumello ea pancreatic. Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore esita le lisebelisoa le mekhoa ea ho tsebahala ea sejoale-joale ha li khone ho araba potso mabapi le mofuta oa lesion ea setho, mme boiphihlelo ba bongaka ba bongaka bo teng bo bohlokoa haholo ho khetholla li-pancreatic neoplasms.

Mathata a pancreatic a tla bontšoa ke lithuto tse joalo ka tlhahlobo ea mali e nang le biochemical, koporase, boithuto ba secretion ba lero la digase le esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Mohato o latelang e tla ba ho ts'oaroa ha mekhoa ea ho etsa lipatlisiso tse sa hlaseleng tse joalo ka gastrography le duodenography, matla a matla a matla a matla a pancreatocholangiography, ho nahanisisa ka matla a matla a pancreas, e kopantsoeng le tomography ea pampiri e sebetsang. Kamora ho fumana hlahala ka har'a li-pancreatic tis (boholo ba neoplasm e ka fapana ho tloha ho 2 mm ho isa ho 200 mm), boemo ba li-homons le metabolites (adrenaline, norepinephrine, serotonin, cortisol, gastrin, pasoide e nang le vasoactive, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic le C-peptide e hlahisitsoe ho tsoa maling. , somatostatin, jj.) le matshwao a tumor (CA19-9, CA 50, CA 242, CEA).

Ho hlakisa mofuta oa lesion, mekhoa ea mahlaseli e boetse e sebelisoa: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, celiacography ka ho nka mali ho tsoa methapong ea pancreatic le ho khetholla li-hormone ho eona, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, pancreatic puncture biopsy, laparoscopy. Palo e kholo e hlokahalang ho khetholla mokokotlo oa pancreatic e bontša hore tlhahlobo ea boemo bona e rarahane haholo, mme morero o kopaneng oa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea mafu ha o so fumanehe.

Li-tumor tsa "pancreatic" li lokela ho bapisoa le pancreatitis e sa foleng, li-cysts tsa "pancreatic" le "tumellano" ea "mala" ea mala, ho kenella ka har'a ulcers kapa duodenum, li-aneurysms tse kholo, echinococcosis le cysticercosis le lesapo la hepatopancreatic.

Pancreatic tumor kalafo

Phekolo ea li-tumellano tsa benign ke ts'ebetso feela ea ho buoa: distal pancreas resection, pancreatic hlooho resection, pancreatoduodenal resection, tumor enucleation. Kamora ts'ebetso, tlhahlobo e tlamang ea histological e etsoa ho hlakisa mofuta oa neoplasm.

Ho li-neoplasms tse mpe, mekhoa ea mantlha ea phekolo e khethoa ho latela boemo ba bongaka. Haeba mokuli a e-na le kankere e mpe kapa kankere e mafolofolo e sebakeng sa hae hloohong ea manyeme, resection ea pancreatoduodenal e etsoa ka ho boloka mpa ea pyloric. Ka gastrinomas, gastondolaomy, vagotomy e khethiloeng, pancreatoduodenal resection hangata e etsoa, ​​leha ho le joalo, ba etellang pele gastroenterologists le lingaka tse buoang ba ntse ba ngangisana ka katleho le matla a lisebelisoa tsena tsa ho buoa.

Phekolo e rarahaneng ea tumello ea pancreatic e kanna ea kenyelletsa radiation le polychemotherapy (e nang le coeffnty e ngata e sebetsang, syntheine e sebetsang ea lihormone, malignancy le metastasis ea neoplasm). Phekolo e bohloko ea neoplasms e mpe e ikemiselitse ho khutlisa lero la li-bile le li-pancreatic, ho tlosa ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha methapong ea bile, le ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba mokuli. Bakeng sa sepheo sa ts'ebetso, ho etsoa ts'ebetso e latelang: drainage ea ka ntle ea li-ducts tsa bile ho ea ka Kerr le Halstead, drainage ea transache ea methapo ea li-ducts tsa bile, cholecystectomy, tlhahlobo ea endoscopic ea tumor firm of ducts ea exthepatic bile, endoscopic stenting ea bile duct, joalo-joalo.

Phekolo e bolokiloeng ea tumello ea benign neuroendocrine e nang le boemo bo tlase ba tlhahiso ea li-hormone, pontšo e sa bonoeng ea endocrine hypersecretion e kenyelletsa motsoako oa sandostatin le omeprazole. Ha phekolo ea tumor e kang gastrinoma, motsoako oa li-blockers tsa H2 tsa histamine receptors, anticholinergics le proton pump inhibitors li sebelisoa ka mafolofolo.

Phatlalatso le thibelo ea li-tumor tsa "pancreatic"

Boloetse ba bohloko ba makhopho a manyeme ha bo monate haholo, bo amanang le thuto ea bona ea bohloeki le tlhahlobo ea mafu a ka morao. Ho tlosa tumello ka potlako ho etsahala feela ho mokuli e mong le e mong oa leshome, hlahala e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea bobeli e khutla, 'me ho 95% ea likhoeli tse 12 tse qalang ka mor'a ho buuoa, ho fumanoe metastases e hole. Phekolo e kopaneng ha e ntlafatse haholo litekanyetso tsa ho pholoha: ha ho feta 5% ea bakuli ba nang le tumor e mpe ea sebaka sa pancreatic ba lulang ba phela lilemo tse hlano.

Phihlello ea benign pancreatic tumors e loketse - ho bakuli ba robong ho ba leshome ho ka khona ho fumana pheko e felletseng. Ntle le moo, lintlha tse hlakileng tsa bosebeletsi ba mona ke tse fumanehang ka seoelo. Ha ho na prophylaxis e khethehileng ea lihlahala tsa pancreatic, leha ho le joalo, ho latela bophelo bo phetseng hantle, phepo e nepahetseng, le phomolo e lekaneng li fokotsa menyetla ea ho etsoa ha neoplasms efe kapa efe 'meleng.