Katena Katena?

Ka tšebeliso e ts'oanang ea gabapentin le morphine, ha morphine e ne e nkuoa lihora tse peli pele e nka gabapentin, ho bile le keketseho sebakeng sa karolelano tlasa "pharmacokinetic curve" concentration - time "(AUC) ea gabapentin ka 44% ha e bapisoa le keketseho ea kotlo ea bohloko ( tlhahlobo ea khatello ea mohatsela). Bohlokoa ba kliniki ka phetoho ena ha bo so thehiloe; litšoaneleho tsa pharmacokinetic tsa morphine ha li so fetohe. Litla-morao tsa morphine ha li nooa le gabapentin li ne li sa fapana le tsa ha morphine o kopantsoe le placebo.
Tšebelisano pakeng tsa gabapentin le phenobarbital, phenytoin, valproic acid le carbamazepine ha ea ka ea bonoa. Li-pharmacokinetics tsa gabapentin ka tekano li tšoana bathong ba phetseng hantle le bakuli ba fumanang li-anticonvulsants tse ling.
Ts'ebeliso e tšoanang ea gabapentin e nang le lithibela-pelehi tsa molomo tse nang le norethisterone le / kapa ethinyl estradiol e ne e sa tsamaee le liphetoho ho pharmacokinetics ea likarolo tseo ka bobeli.
Ts'ebeliso e tšoanang ea gabapentin e nang le li-antacid tse nang le aluminium le magnesium e tsamaisana le ho fokotseha ha bioavailability ea gabapentin ke hoo e ka bang 20%.
Gabapentin e khothalletsoa hore e nkuoe kamora lihora tse peli kamora ho nka antacid.
Probenecid ha e ame ho hlaba pepere ea gabapentin.
Ho fokotseha hanyane hoa sesepa sa chefo ea gabapentin ha
ho nka cimetidine mohlomong ha ho na bohlokoa ba bongaka.

Litaelo tse khethehileng

Ka kalafo e kopaneng le morphine, keketseho ea khatello ea gabapentin e ka hlaha ho bakuli. Maemong ana, ho hlokahala hore ho be le tlhokomelo ea bakuli ka hloko bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea letšoao le joalo la khatello ea maikutlo ea methapo ea methapo (CNS) joalo ka ho otsela. Maemong ana, tekanyo ea gabapentin kapa morphine e lokela ho fokotsoa ka nepo (bona "Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling").
Patlisiso ea laboratori

Ka tšebeliso e kopaneng ea gabapentin le li-anticonvulsants tse ling, liphetho tse ntle tsa bohata li tlalehiloe boikhethong ba protheine moroto o sebelisa li-strips tsa liteko tsa Ames N-Multistix SG ®. Ho tseba protheine ka har'a morara, ho kgothaletswa ho sebelisa mokhoa o ikhethang oa ho chona le sulfosalicylic acid.

Tšusumetso ho bokhoni ba ho khanna makoloi le mekhoa

Ho latela sephetho sa lithuto tsa bongaka, ho lumeloa hore phello ea betahistine ho bokhoni ba ho khanna koloi le mekhoa e meng ha e teng kapa ha e bohlokoa, hobane ha ho litlamorao tse ka amang bokhoni bona tse fumanoeng.

Fomu ea tokollo

Lipilisi tsa 100 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg.
Li-capsules 100 mg: li-capsules tse 10 ho PVC / Al blister. Mabili a mabeli a behiloe hammoho le litaelo tsa tšebeliso ka lebokoseng la karete.
Li-capsule tse 300 mg le 400 mg: li-capsules tse 10 ho PVC / Al blister. Mabili a mahlano a behiloe hammoho le litaelo tsa tšebeliso ka lebokoseng la karete.

Matšoao a ho sebelisoa

Lefu la ho akheha: ho ts'oaroa ka tsela e sa lekanyetsoang ho batho ba baholo le bana ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 12 (monotherapy), ho ts'oaroa ka mokhoa o sa ts'oaneng le ho batho ba baholo (lithethefatsi tse ling), mofuta o hanyetsanang oa lefu la sethoathoa ho bana ba lilemo tse fetang 3 (lithethefatsi tse ling).

Bohloko ba neuropathic ho bakuli ba lilemo li ka tlase ho 18.

Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa: litekanyetso le kalafo

Ka hare, ho sa tsotelehe lijo.

Lefu la ho akheha Batho ba baholo le bana ba kaholimo ho lilemo tse 12: tekanyetso ea pele ea Katena ke 300 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi ka letsatsi la pele, tekanyetso e sebetsang ke 900-3600 mg / ka letsatsi. Sekhahla se phahameng sa letsatsi ke 3600 mg (bakeng sa litekanyetso tse 3 tse lekanang). Nako e phahameng pakeng tsa litekanyetso ha u beha moriana makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi ha ea lokela ho feta lihora tse 12.

Ho khethoa ho latela moralo o latelang hoa khoneha (sethala sa khetho ea litekanyetso). Ka tekanyo ea 900 mg: ka letsatsi la pele - 300 mg makhetlo a 1 ka letsatsi, ka la bobeli - makhetlo a 300 a makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, ka boraro - makhetlo a 300 a makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, ka tekanyo ea 1200 mg: 400 mg 1 nako ka letsatsi, 400 mg Makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, makhetlo a 400 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi ka letsatsi la pele, la bobeli le la boraro, ka ho latellana.

Bana ba lilemo tse 3-12: tekanyetso e sebetsang - 25-35 mg / kg / letsatsi ho litekanyetso tse 3 tse lekanang. O ka ntsha tekanyetso ka botlalo nakong ea matsatsi a 3: 10 mg / kg / letsatsi ka letsatsi la pele, 20 mg / kg / letsatsi ka la bobeli le 30 mg / kg / ka letsatsi la boraro. Thutong ea bongaka ea nako e telele, ho mamella lithethefatsi ho litekanyetso ho fihlela 40-50 mg / kg / letsatsi ho ne ho lokile.

Hoa khoneha ho sebelisa sesebelisoa: ka boima ba 'mele ba 17-25 kg - 600 mg / ka letsatsi, ka ho latellana, ka 26-25 kg - 900 mg / ka letsatsi, ka 37-50 kg - 1200 mg / ka letsatsi, e nang le 51-72 kg - 1800 mg / ka letsatsi .

Neuropathy ho batho ba baholo: lethal dose la pele la Katena ke 300 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, haeba ho hlokahala, lethal dose le eketseha hanyane ka hanyane ho fihla ho 3600 mg / ka letsatsi.

Bakuli ba nang le ts'ebetso ea renal e senyehileng: le CC ho feta 60 ml / min - 400 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, le CC ho tloha ho 30 ho isa ho 60 ml / min - 300 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, le CC ho tloha 15 ho isa 30 ml / min - 300 mg Nako e le 1 ka letsatsi, le CC e ka tlase ho 15 ml / min - 300 mg letsatsi le leng le le leng.

Ho khothalletsoa hore bakuli ba nang le hemodialysis ba sa kang ba amohela gabapentin ka tekanyetso e phelisang ea 300-400 mg, mme ka mor'a moo ba be le 200-300 mg ka mong ho lihora tse 4 tsa hemodialysis.

Tlhahisoleseling ka kakaretso

Boloetse ba lefu la sethoathoa bo tšoauoa ka ho tsukutloa kapa ho fokotseha hoa letsoalo ka linako tse ling (somnambulism, dizziness twilight, trance). Hape, lefu lena le tšoauoa ka nts'etsopele ea butle ea liphetoho tsa botho le lefu la sethoathoa. Ka linako tse ling lefu le joalo le baka ponahalo ea psychoses e bang teng ka sebopeho se matla kapa se sa foleng. Li ka tsamaisana le mathata a joalo a amanang le, joalo ka mohlala, tšabo, mabifi, tabatabelo, boemo bo phahameng ba thabo ea maikutlo, ho hlasimoloha ka linako tse ling.

Ketsahalong eo nts'etsopele ea sethoathoa ea sethoathoa e bakoang ke lefu la sethoathoa, ebe ba bua ka lefu la sethoathoa.

Tloaelong ea bongaka, khafetsa ba kopana le se bitsoang li-lobe tsa nakoana tsa sethoathoa. Ho tsepamisa mohopolo maemong ana ho etsoa sebakeng se ikhethileng feela bokong ba nakoana ba kelello.

Na lefu la sethoathoa le ka phekoloa? Ho khetholla le ho phekola lefu lena ho etsoa ke li-epileptologists le neurologists. Litsebi li re ho ke ke ha khonahala ho felisa lefu la kelello ka ho felletseng. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le lithethefatsi tse 'maloa tse ka hatellang bohloko ba neuropathic le ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba mokuli. E 'ngoe ea litlhare tse joalo ke Katena (300 mg). Litaelo, litekolo, li-analogues le likarolo tse ling tsa sesebelisoa sena li hlahisitsoe ka tlase.

Sebopeho, polasetiki le foromo ea ho lokolla

Lithethefatsi tsa Katena li rekisoa ka mofuta ofe? Tlhahlobo ea bakuli e tlaleha hore sesebelisoa se joalo se fumanoa libakeng tsa litlama ka mokhoa oa li-capsules feela.

Litholoana tsa moriana tse boletsoeng li ka fapana. Li-capsules tsa 100 mg (No. 3 size) li tšoeu, 300 mg (No 1 size) ke 'mala o mosehla,' me 400 mg (No. 0 size) ke lamunu.

Likateng tsa moriana ona ke phofo e tšoeu ea kristale.

Li-capsule li kenngoa ka har'a marang-rang le lipakete tsa karete.

Motsoako o sebetsang oa litlhare tsa Katena ke eng? Litlhahlobo tsa litsebi li tlaleha hore ts'ebetso e phahameng ea lithethefatsi ena e amana ka kotloloho le motsoako oa eona o ka sehloohong - gabapentin. Hape, sebopeho sa moemeli se ntseng se hlahlojoa se kenyelletsa likarolo tse ling tse kang starch ea poone, talc le lactose monohydrate.

Ha e le khetla ea li-capsule, e na le gelatin, titanium dioxide (E171) le dae e tshehla / e khubelu ea oxide.

Ketso ea pharmacological

Moemeli oa li-antiepileptic joaloka Katena o sebetsa joang? Tlhahlobo ea litsebi, hammoho le litaelo tse kentsoeng li na le leseli la hore ts'ebetso ea bongaka e sebetsang ka katleho e bakoa ke ho ba teng ha gabapentin ho eona, ke hore, ntho e ts'oanang le sebopeho sa neurotransmitter GABA kapa se bitsoang gamma-aminobutyric acid. Leha ho le joalo, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore mochine oa ts'ebetso oa lithethefatsi tsena o fapane le tšusumetso ea lithethefatsi tse ling tse sebelisanang le li-receptor tsa GABA.

Ho latela litaelo, gabapentin e khona ho tlamella mochini oa "calcium" o ikemetseng oa likhalase tsa calcium, hammoho le ho thibela phallo ea Ca ions, e leng e 'ngoe ea lisosa tsa bohloko ba neuropathic.

Meaho e meng

Hobaneng Katena a tsebahala? Litlhahlobo tsa lingaka le bakuli li tlaleha hore ho nka kalafo ena ho ntlafatsa boemo ba mokuli ka botlalo. Sena se bakoa haholo ke taba ea hore ka bohloko ba neuropathic, ntho e sebetsang ea lithethefatsi e ka fokotsa lefu le tsitsitseng la lisele tsa methapo, ea eketsa motsoako oa GABA, hape ea thibela ho lokolloa ha li-neurotransmitters tsa sehlopha sa monoamine.

Ka litekanyetso tsa kalafo, sethethefatsi seo ho buuoang ka sona ha se tlamele ho li-receptor tsa neurotransmitter, ho kenyeletsa benzodiazepine, glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate, glycine, GABAA le li-receptor tsa GABAA. Ho fapana le lithethefatsi tse kang Carbamazepine le Phenytoin, Katena (litekolo tsa eona ka tlase) ha e sebelisane le liteishene tsa Na.

Litšobotsi tsa Pharmacokinetic

Na ntho e sebetsang ea tokisetso ea Catena (300 mg) ea anya? Litaelo le litlhahlobo tsa setsebi li supa hore gabapentin e nkuoa ho tsoa ho tšilo ea lijo.

Kamora ho tsamaisoa ka molomo ka li-capsules, khatello e phahameng ea motsoako o ka sehloohong maling e fihlella ka mor'a lihora tse 3.Ka botlalo bioavailability ea moriana o ka bang 60%. Ho kenyelletsa lijo ka nako e le 'ngoe (ho kenyelletsa le lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata) ha ho na tšusumetso ho litšobotsi tsa pharmacokinetic tsa gabapentin.

Karolo e sebetsang ea lithethefatsi ha e tlamele liprotheine tsa plasma. Ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la sethoathoa, khatello ea bona ka har'a mokelikeli oa k'holeseterole e ka ba 20% ea ba leng plasma.

Excretion ea gabapentin e etsoa ka sistimi ea renal. Matšoao a phetoho ea likokoana-hloko ea karolo ena 'meleng oa motho ha a bonoe. Gabapentin ha e khone ho kenya li-oxidase, tse amehang ho metabolism ea lithethefatsi tse ling.

Ho tlosoa hoa lithethefatsi ke kahare. Bophelo ba halofo ea bona ha bo itšetlehe ka tekanyetso e nkuoeng mme e ka ba lihora tse 5-7.

Tlhokomeliso ea Gabapentin e fokotsehile ho batho ba tsofetseng, hammoho le ho bakuli ba nang le ts'ebetso ea renal e holofetseng. Ntho e sebetsang ea lithethefatsi e tlosoa maling nakong ea hemodialysis. Metsoako ea plasma ea gabapentin ho bana e tšoana le ea batho ba baholo.

Matšoao a ho nka likhabapo

Ke maemong afe moo mokuli a ka fuoang lithethefatsi tse kang Katena (300 mg)? Litaelo le litlhahlobo li tlaleha hore maemo ana a latelang ke matšoao a ts'ebeliso ea moriana o boletsoeng:

• bohloko ba neuropathic ho bakuli ba baholo,
• ho ts'oaroa ka tsela e itseng (ho kenyeletsoa maemo a kakaretso) ho bacha ba lilemo tse 12 le ba baholo (joalo ka monotherapy),
• ho ts'oaroa ka tsela e sa lekanyetsoang (ho kenyelletsa maemo a generalization) ho bana ho tloha ho lilemo tse 3 le batho ba baholo (e le lithethefatsi tse ling e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng).

Contraindication ho nka likhabapo

Ha ua lokela ho nka Katena neng? Litaelo le litlhahlobo li tlaleha hore moriana o joalo o tiisitsoe ka molao ho bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 3. E boetse e thibetsoe hore e sebelisoe ha u shebile mokuli ea nang le kutloisiso e phahameng ea likarolo tsa moriana.

Ka tlhokomeliso e fetelletseng, moriana o fuoa batho ba nang le bothata ba ho hlaphoheloa ke pheko.

"Catena" ea lithethefatsi: litaelo tsa tšebeliso

Tlhahlobo ea litsebi le litaelo tsa tšebeliso li tlaleha hore sethethefatsi seo ho buuoang ka sona ke setlhare se sebetsang haholo sa antiepileptic. Ho e kenya kahare hoa lumelloa ho sa tsotelehe lijo. Fokotsa litekanyetso, hlakola kalafo, kapa u e fetole ka litlhare tse ling, butle-butle ho feta beke.

Ka bohloko ba neuropathic, tekanyetso ea pele ea lithethefatsi (ho batho ba baholo) e lokela ho ba 900 mg (ka litekanyetso tse tharo). Haeba phello e fumanoeng e sa lekana, joale litekanyetso li eketsa butle-butle.

Tekanyetso e kholo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea Katena ke 3600 mg.

Nako ea nako lipakeng tsa tsamaiso ea capsule ha ea lokela ho feta lihora tse 12, kaha ho na le kotsi e kholo ea ho ts'oaroa hape.

Ka nts'etsopele ea ho ts'oaroa ka tsela e sa lekanyetsoang baneng ba lilemo li 3 ho ea ho tse ling, moriana o fanoe ka tekanyetso ea pele ea 10-15 mg / kg (e arotsoe ka litekanyetso tse 3). Ho feta matsatsi a 3, litekanyetso li ntse li eketseha butle-butle (ho sebetsa hantle haholo).

Ke eng hape eo u hlokang ho e tseba pele u qala ho nka Catena? Ho latela litsebi, ha ho hlokahale ho beha leihlo tlhokomelo ea meriana ena nakong ea kalafo. Moriana o ka sebelisoang o ka sebelisoa hammoho le li-anticonvulsants tse ling.

Litlamorao

Litla-morao tsa Katena li ka baka litlamorao life? Tlhahlobo e tlaleha hore kamora ho sebelisa moriana ona, ho ka khonaha ho ntlafatsa maemo a latelang (e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta ka nako e le' ngoe):

• amnesia, leukopenia, rhinitis, ataxia, pneumonia, pherekano, masapo a masapo, tšebelisano e mpe ea methapo, khohlela, khatello ea maikutlo, pharyngitis,
• thrombocytopenic purpura, ho tsekela, lets'ollo, dysarthria, ho fokotse palo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, ho eketseha ha ho ruruha ha methapo, arthralgia, nystagmus, myalgia,
• ho otsela, ho akheha ka moroto, ho senyeha ho nahana, ho pepesetsoa ha vasodilation, ho thothomela, tšoaetso ea pampitšana ea moroto, makhopho, ho hlohlona, ​​amblyopia, maceration ea letlalo, diplopia, rash,
• hyperkinesia, makhopho a sefahleho, ho matlafatsa / ho fokolisa / ho se be teng ha maikutlo, khatello ea methapo ea kutlo, paresthesia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ho tšoenyeha, ho hloka matla, ho hlohlona, ​​erythema multiforme, khathatso ea morao, bohloko ba morao,
• Phetoho ea ho feto-fetoha ha meno, ho tepella, takatso e matla ea ho ja, ho ruruha sefahleho, molomo o omeletseng, asthenia, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho nona haholo, ho hlatsa, kotsi e mpe, ho ts'oenyeha,
• anorexia, peripheral edema, gingivitis, flu-like syndrome, bohloko ba ka mpeng, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo mokhoeng oa tsoekere ea mali, ts'oaetso ea vaerase, media ea otitis, pancreatitis, asthenia, liphetoho litekong tsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, malaise ka kakaretso.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi

Na nka nka li-capsules tsa Katena ka meriana e meng? Tlhahlobo ea litsebi e bonts'a hore ha o ntse o nka moriana ona ka li-antacid, ho monya ha gabapentin ho tsoa mohloling oa tšilo ea lijo ho fokotsehile.

Ha e sebelisoa ka nako e tšoanang le Felbamate, halofo ea bophelo ba moraorao e ka eketseha.

Ho bohlokoa ho tseba!

Ho khaola ho sa lebelloang kalafo ea anticonvulsant ho batho ba nang le mokhoa oa ho ts'oaroa ka nakoana ho halefisa nts'etsopele ea maemo a ts'oaroang. Ka hona, haeba ho hlokahala ho fokotsa tekanyetso, hlakola gabapentin kapa u e fetole ka moriana o mong, sena se lokela ho etsoa butle butle, ho feta beke.

Capsules "Katena" ha e emele sesebelisoa se sebetsang bakeng sa kalafo ea ho ts'oaroa ka mokhoa o hlasimollang.

Ts'ebeliso e tšoanang ea lithethefatsi tse boletsoeng hammoho le lithethefatsi tse ling tsa anticonvulsant hangata li hlahisitse litlamorao tse mpe tsa tlhahlobo, e ileng ea etsoa ho fumana proteni moseneng. Ka hona, nakong ea kalafo ho khothaletsoa ho sebelisa mokhoa o ikhethang o khethehileng oa ho silingosalicylic acid.

Batho ba nang le bothata ba ho sebetsa hantle ba renal, hammoho le ba nang le hemodialysis, ba hloka ho lokisa mofuta oa moriana.

Bakuli ba seng ba tsofetse ba ka boela ba hloka ho fetola litekanyetso tsa moriana, hobane sehlopheng sena sa bakuli ho na le phokotseho ea tumello ea pheko.

Tšireletseho le katleho ea kalafo ea lefu la sethoathoa ka thuso ea moriana oa Katen ho bakuli ba banyenyane, hammoho le ho bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 12, ha e e-so thehiloe.

Nakong ea kalafo ka sethethefatsi se joalo, joala bo thibetsoe.

"Catena" ea lithethefatsi: litlhahlobo tsa lingaka le bakuli, analogues

Litlhahlobo tsa bongaka tse amehang ke: Eplirintin, Gabagamm, Gabapentin, Neurontin, Tebantin, Konvalis, Egipentin.

Ho latela litsebi, moriana "Katena" ke setlhare se sebetsang hantle sa antiepileptic, se ratoang haholo ke ba lulang ba tšoeroe ke lefu la sethoathoa. Ha e le bakuli, ba tšehetsa maikutlo a lingaka ka botlalo.

Leha ho le joalo, litlhahlobo tse mpe hangata li fumanoa har'a litlhahlobo tse ntle. Ho latela bakuli ba bangata, ntho e bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa e ka tlisoang ke moriana oo ho buuoang ka ona ke (e bapisoa le meriana e tšoanang). Litsebi li pheha khang ea hore lithethefatsi, e leng ntho e sebetsang eo e leng gabapentin, li na le litlolo tse fokolang tsa ts'ebeliso, hammoho le litlamorao tse hlahisoang ke tsamaiso ea methapo.

Lokolla liforomo le sebopeho

Mefuta e mengata ea li-capsules ha e rekisoe, ho latela se boletsoeng karolong e sebetsang - gabapentin (100 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg). Ntho ena e na le phello e tobileng sesosa se ka sehloohong sa bohloko ba neuropathic - ho phalla ha calcium ions. Ka potlako le ka mokhoa o felisang ho tsitsipana le matšoao a mang a lefu la sethoathoa.

Litaelo tsa ho sebelisa Katena: litekanyetso le melao ea ho amoheloa

Ho nka lipilisi ha hoa itšetleha ka lijo. U hloka ho amohela tse latelang:

Bakeng sa bohloko ba neuropathic, tekanyetso e khothalletsoang ho bakuli ba lilemo tse fetang 12 ke 300 mg makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi. Maemong a mang, lethal dose le ka eketsoa ho 3600 mg / ka letsatsi.

Ka ho ts'oaroa ho sa lekanyetsoang, bakuli ba lilemo tse 12 ba bontšoa ba nka 900-3600 mg / ka letsatsi. Phekolo e ka qala ka tekanyo e fokolang ea 300 mg makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi. Tekanyo e phahameng ke 4800 mg / ka letsatsi. Bakeng sa bana ho tloha ho lilemo tse 3 ho isa ho 12, litekanyetso li fokotsoa ho isa ho 10-15 mg / kg / ka letsatsi. Reeti e lokela ho aroloa makhetlo a 3. Butle-butle u ka eketsa tekanyetso ho ea ho 50 mg / kg / letsatsi.

Nakong ea kalafo, ha ho na tlhoko ea ho lekola khatello ea ntho e sebetsang maling. Phetoho ea mori ha e hlokehe ha ho sebelisoa li-anticonvulsants tse ling.

Pharmacokinetics le pharmacodynamics

Katena ke sethethefatsi se bolaeang likokoana-hloko seo ketso ea sona e reretsoeng ho hatella bohloko ba neuropathic. Karolo e ka sehloohong - gabapentin, e leng karolo ea sehlahisoa, e sebetsa ho phallo ea calcium ions, e amehang ka kotlolloho matšoao a bohloko ba neuropathic.

Ka lebaka la phello ea karolo e sebetsang 'meleng oa mokuli, ho tsitsipana, matšoao a lefu la sethoathoa le methapo ea kutlo e feta kapele. Setlhare sena se qhekelloa ka liphio.

Kahoo, moriana "Catana" o na le "analgesic" anticonvulsant le anticonvulsant.

Litlamorao

Litla-morao: Matšoao a ho erythema multiforme, a Stevens-Johnson.

• Bohloko ba morao, mokhathala, edema ea ho potoloha, ho hloka matla, asthenia, malaise, ho ruruha sefahlehong, ho nona haholo, ho sithabela ka tšohanyetso, asthenia, lefu la sefuba, ho fetoha ha "glucose ea mali" ho bana - ts'oaetso ea vaerase, mecha ea litaba.
• Ho tsoa ho tsamaiso ea pelo le methapo: methapo ea methapo ea kutlo, lipontšo tsa vasodilation.
• Ho tsoa ho tsamaiso ea tšilo ea lijo: liphetoho mokhoeng oa ho hlohlona meno, lets'ollo, takatso e eketsehileng ea molomo, molomo o omeletseng, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, lefu la ho hlohlona, ​​ho nyemeloa, gingivitis, bohloko ba ka mpeng, pancreatitis, liphetoho liphatong tsa tšebetso ea sebete.
• Ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea moroto: ts'oaetso ea ts'ebetso ea moroto, ho ruruha ha urinence.
• Ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea musculoskeletal: myalgia, arthralgia, masapo a masapo.
• Boitšoaro ba letlalo: Makhopho a letlalo, makhopho, ho hlohlona, ​​lekhopho.
• Ho tsoa ho sistimi ea hemopoietic: leukopenia, e fokotse palo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, thrombocytopenic purpura.
• Ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea ho hema: rhinitis, pharyngitis, khohlela, pneumonia.
• Ho tloha lehlakoreng la ts'ebetso ea methapo e bohareng le tsamaiso ea methapo ea methapo: amnesia, ataxia, pherekano, tšebelisano ea methapo, khatello ea maikutlo, ho tsekela, dysarthria, ho ts'oaroa ke letsoalo, ho ferekana, ho akheha, ho nahana hampe, ho thothomela, ho thothomela, ho akheha, diplopia, hyperkinesia, ho thatafala, ho fokolisa, ho fokolisa, ho fokolisa, ho fokolisa kapa ho fokolisa ho haelloa ke maikutlo, paresthesia, matšoenyeho, lehloeo, ho sitisoa ka molao.

Bana, nakong ea kemaro le lebone

Ha ho na datha ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ho basali baimana, ka hona, gabapentin e lokela ho sebelisoa nakong ea kemolo ha feela phaello e lebelletsoeng ho mme e lokafatsa kotsi e ka bang teng ho lesea.

Gabapentin e epuoa ka lebese la matsoele, hore na phello ea eona ho lesea e anyesang ha e tsejoe, ka hona, nakong ea ho anyesa, ho anyesa ho tlameha ho tloheloa.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi

Tabeng ea tšebeliso e kopaneng ea cimetidine, ho fokotseha hanyane hoa phekolo ea renal ea gabapentin hoa khoneha, empa ketsahalo ena ha e na bohlokoa ba bongaka.

• Li-antacid tse nang le aluminium le magnesium li fokotsa bioavailability ea gabapentin ka hoo e ka bang 20%, ka hona ho khothalletsoa ho e nka lihora tse 2 kamora ho nka li-antacids.
• Ha u sebelisa lithibela-pelehi tsa molomo tse nang le ethinyl estradiol le / kapa norethisterone, ha ho na phetoho ho pharmacokinetics ea likarolo.
• Probenecid ha e na tšusumetso ho hlaheng ha renal ea gabapentin.
• Sebakeng sa tekano, pharmacokinetics ea gabapentin ha e fetohe ka tšebeliso e tšoanang ea li-anticonvulsants tse ling.

Ha ho na tšebelisano e ileng ea bonoa pakeng tsa gabapentin le valproic acid, phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine.

Likarolo tsa ts'ebeliso

Bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba lokela ho buisana le ngaka hore e fetole litekanyetso tsa lithethefatsi tsa hypoglycemic.

Nakong eohle ea ts'ebeliso ea Katen, ho laola boemo ba kelello ba mokuli hoa hlokahala, hobane pheko e ka baka kholo ea maikutlo a sithabetsang le a ho ipolaea.

Ho bohlokoa haholo ho ela hloko mofuta oa moriana o laetsoeng ke ngaka ea hau ho thibela ho hlaha ha mathata a matla. Ho khaotsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ka tšohanyetso ho ka etsa hore motho a tšohe. Haeba ho hlokahala ho fokotsa tekanyetso, o lokela ho buisana le ngaka ho fumana moralo o lekaneng. Mokuli ea noang meriana ha a khothalletsoe ho khanna makoloi.

Mekhoa e ts'oanang

Litšoantšo tse felletseng tsa Catena:

1. Hapentek
2. Egipentin
3. Convalis
4. Neurontin
5. Gabantine,
6. Katena
7. Eplirontin,
8. Tebantin
9. Gabagamm

Lithethefatsi tsa antiepileptic li kenyelletsa:

1. Hexamidine
2. Zeptol
3. Misolin,
4. Algerica
5. Pregabalin
6. Lipina
7. Zonegran
8. Benzonal
9. Depakine
10. Convulex
11. Bohara
12. Convulsofin
13. Carbamazepine
14. Gabitril
15. Finlepsin
16. Sibazon,
17. Tegretol
18. Karabelo ea koloi
19. Reelium
20. Eplirontin,
21. Valopixim
22. Finlepsin Reard,
23. Primidon
24. Benzobarbital,
25. Lamictal
26. Exalief,
27. Wimpat,
28. Zagretol
29. Epimax
30. Suksilep
31. Acetazolamide,
32. Diphenin,
33. Paglüferal,
34. Phenobarbital,
35. Depakin Chrono
36. Ho nyenyefatsa
37. Topamax
38. Lamitor,
39. Lamotrigine
40. Convalis
41. Levetinol,
42. Convulsan
43. Prigabilon
44. Pheto
45. Inovelon
46. Diacarb,
47. Valproic acid
48. Chloracon
49. Levetiracetam
50. Encorat
51. Clonazepam
52. Diazepam
53. Zenitsetam
54. Valparin
55. Trobalt.

Pharadodynamics

Ntho e sebetsang ea Catena ke gabapentin, ntho e tšoanang le sebopeho sa neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea eona e fapana le tšusumetso ea lithethefatsi tse ling tse sebelisanang le li-receptor tsa GABA, ho kenyelletsa barbiturates, GABA uptake inhibitors, agaba tsa GABA, valproate, GABA transaminase inhibitors, benzodiazepines le mefuta ea Prodrug ea GABA, hobane gabapentin ha e na GABAergic thepa, ha e ame metabolism le ho ts'oaroa ha GABA.

Ho latela lithuto tsa pele, gabapentin e tlama ho α₂-δ-subunit ea liteishene tsa calcium tse itšetlehileng ka matla le ho thibela phallo ea li-ion tsa calcium, e leng e 'ngoe ea lisosa tsa bohloko ba neuropathic.

Ntle le moo, ka bohloko ba neuropathic, gabapentin e na le mekhoa e meng ea ts'ebetso, e leng: e fokotsa lefu le itšetlehileng ka glutamate ea li-neurons, e eketsa synthesis ea GABA mme e thibela ho lokolloa ha li-neurotransmitters tsa sehlopha sa monoamine.

Likarolong tse kholo tsa tliliniki, lithethefatsi ha li tlamele ho li-receptors tsa lithethefatsi tse ling tse tloaelehileng le li-neurotransmitters, ho kenyelletsa le benzodiazepines, glutamate, glycine, N-methyl-D-aspartate, GABA_A le GABA_Ho.

Ho fapana le carbamazepine le phenytoin, gabapentin ha e sebelisane le liteishene tsa sodium.

Litaelo tsa ho sebelisa Katena: mokhoa le litekanyetso

Lithapo li lokela ho nooa ka molomo, ho sa natsoe lijo. Fokotsa tekanyetso, hlakola Katena kapa u e nkele sebaka ka moemeli e mong e lokela ho ba butle butle, bonyane bakeng sa beke e le 'ngoe.

Ka bohloko ba neuropathic ho batho ba baholo, tekanyetso ea pele ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 900 mg - 300 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Haeba phello e sa lekana, tekanyetso e eketseha butle-butle. Sekhahla se phahameng se lumelletsoeng letsatsi ka leng ke 3600 mg.

O ka qala kalafo hanghang ka tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 900 mg kapa oa e eketsa butle-butle ka matsatsi a mararo a pele ho latela moralo o latelang:

• ka letsatsi la pele - 300 mg hang ka letsatsi,
• ka letsatsi la bobeli - 300 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi,
• ka letsatsi la boraro - 300 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.

Ka ho ts'oaroa ho sa lekanyetsoang ho batho ba baholo le ba lilemong tsa bocha tsa 12, Katena o sebetsa ka bongata litekanyetso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa 900-3600 mg.U ka qala kalafo hanghang ka tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 900 mg (300 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi) kapa butle-butle u e eketse ka matsatsi a mararo a pele ho latela morero o hlalositsoeng kaholimo. Nakong e tlang, haeba ho hlokahala, tsoela pele ho eketsa tekanyetso, ho fihlela tekanyo e kholo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 3600 mg (ka likarolo tse lekanang ho litekanyetso tse 3 tse arohaneng). Nako e pakeng tsa tekanyetso ha ea lokela ho feta lihora tse 12, hobane ho na le kotsi ea ho ts'oaroa bocha. Mamello e ntle ea gabapentin ho litekanyetso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ho fihlela ho 4800 mg e ile ea hlokomeloa.

Ka ho ts'oaroa ho fokolang ho bana ba lilemo tse 3 ho ea ho tse 12, Katana o laetsoa lethal dose la letsatsi le letsatsi la 10-15 mg / kg ho tekanyetso e 3 e arohaneng. Hoo e ka bang matsatsi a 3, lethalinyana le eketseha butle-butle ho fihlela le fihla hantle. Ho bana ho tloha ho lilemo tse 5 hangata e ba 25- 35 mg / kg / letsatsi, ho bana ba lilemo tse 3-5 - 40 mg / kg / letsatsi (ka litekanyetso tse 3 ka likarolo tse lekanang). Ka tšebeliso ea nako e telele, mamello e ntle ea gabapentin ho tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ho fihlela 50 mg / kg e ile ea tsebahala. Bakeng sa ho qoba ho tsubana ho pheta-pheta, nako e pakeng tsa litekanyetso ha ea lokela ho feta lihora tse 12.

Ha ho na tlhoko ea ho laola khatello ea litlhare nakong ea kalafo. Katena e ka sebelisoa hammoho le li-anticonvulsants tse ling, ntle le ho fetola khatello ea lithethefatsi serumeng.

Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le ho se sebetse hantle ke mokokotlo, tekanyetso ea Katena ea letsatsi le letsatsi e khethoa ho latela tumello ea creatinine (CC, ml / min):

• ho feta 80 - 900-3600 mg,
• 50-79 - 600-1800 mg,
• 30-49 - 300-900 mg,
• 15-29 - 150 * -600 mg,
• ka tlase ho 15 - 150 * –300 mg.

* Fana ka Katena 300 mg mg ka letsatsi le leng le le leng.

Bakuli ba e-so ka ba sebelisa gabapentin mme ba le hemodialysis ba fuoa Katena ka tekanyo e phelisang ea 300-400 mg, ebe 200-300 mg e sebelisoa ka lihora tse ling le tse ling tse nne tsa thuto ea hemodialysis.

Bokhachane le pelehi

Tšireletseho ea gabapentin nakong ea kemolo ha e so theoe, kahoo Catena e laetsoe feela haeba melemo e lebelletsoeng ea kalafo e tlang e hlile e phahame ho feta likotsi tse ka bang teng.

Gabapentin e fetela ka lebeseng la matsoele, ka hona, ho fepa ho lokela ho emisoe haeba kalafo e hlokahala nakong ea ho beleha.

Sebelisa bongoaneng

Katen e netefalitsoe ka ho sebelisa:

• ho fihlela lilemo tse 18 - ka bohloko ba neuropathic,
• ho fihlela lilemo tse 12 - e le monotherapy ea sethoathoa sa sethoathoa,
• ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 3 - e le sesebelisoa sa tlatsetso kalafong e kopaneng ea ho ts'oaroa ka nakoana ho sethoathoa.

Lithibelo tsa lilemo li hlahisoa ke khaello ea ya data mabapi le ts'ebeliso le polokeho ea ts'ebeliso ea Katena ho latela lipontšo ka nako e itseng.

Litlhahlobo mabapi le Katen

Ho latela maikutlo, Katena ke antiepileptic e sebetsang. Likotsi li kenyelletsa theko e phahameng ha li bapisoa le litokisetso tse nang le carbamazepine, leha ho le joalo, ho fapana le bona, gabapentin e na le likhohlano tse fokolang mme, ho latela litlhahlobo, e baka litla-morao tse fokolang tse tsoang tsamaisong ea methapo.

Sebopeho le mofuta oa tokollo

Lithethefatsi tsa Katen li ka har'a mofuta oa matlapa a bopehileng joaloka kapu e 'mala o mosehla mme o na le motsoako oa phofo. Karolo ea lithethefatsi: