Analogs of ampoules Berlition 300

Lebitso la Khoebo la tokiso: Berlithion

Lebitso la machabeng le sa sebetseng: Thioctic asiti

Foromo ea boholo: Matlapa, likhakeletsi, liapole.

Lintho tse sebetsang: Thioctic asiti

Sehlopha sa Pharmacotherapeutic: Moemeli oa Metabolic.

Sebaka sa pharmacological: Berlition e kenyelletsa e le motsoako o sebetsang oa thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid) ka mokhoa oa letsoai la ethylene diamine, e leng antioxidant ea endo native e kopanyang li-radicals tsa mahala ka coenzyme ea mekhoa ea alpha-keto acid decarboxylation.

Phekolo ka Berlition e thusa ho fokotsa sekhahla sa plasma glucose le ho eketsa boemo ba hepatic glycogen, e fokolisa ho hanyetsa insulin, e matlafatsa cholesterol, e laola lipid le metabolism ea carbohydrate. Thioctic acid, ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona ea tlhaho ea antioxidant, e sireletsa lisele tsa 'mele oa motho tšenyo e bakiloeng ke lihlahisoa tsa tsona tse bolileng.

Ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere mellitus, thioctic acid e fokotsa ho ntšoa ha lihlahisoa tsa liprotheine tsa glycation liseleng tsa methapo, e eketsa microcirculation mme e ntlafatsa phallo ea mali a endoneural, mme e eketsa phallo ea mmele ea glutathione antioxidant. Ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho fokotsa litaba tsa tsoekere ea plasma, e ama tsela e 'ngoe ea metabolism ea eona.

Thioctic acid e fokotsa ho bokellana ha methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo, ka tsela eo e thusa ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha lisele tsa methapo. E tloaetse ho tsamaisoa ha methapo ea kutlo le metabolism ea matla. Ho nka karolo ho metabolism ea mafura, ho eketsa biosynthesis ea phospholipids, ka lebaka leo sebopeho se senyehileng sa membrane ea lisele se fetoloang. E felisa litlamorao tse chefo tsa lihlahisoa tsa metabolism ea joala (pyruvic acid, acetaldehyde), e fokotsa tokollo e fetelletseng ea limolek'hule tsa mahala tsa oksijene, e fokotsa ischemia le hypoxia ea endoneural, e fokotsa matšoao a polyneuropathy, a bonahatsoang ka mokhoa oa presthesias, sensings e tukang, letsoalo le bohloko bo boholo.

Ho ipapisitsoe le se boletsoeng ka holimo, thioctic acid e tšoauoa ka ts'ebetso ea eona ea hypoglycemic, neurotrophic le antioxidant, hammoho le ketso e ntlafatsang metabolism ea lipid. Ts'ebeliso ea motsoako o sebetsang ka mokhoa oa letsoai la ethylenediamine ha le ntse le hlophisoa le fokotsa botebo ba litlamorao tse mpe tse ka bang teng tsa thioctic acid.

Ha ho nooa ka molomo, asiti ea thioctic e potlakisa ebile e kenella ka kotloloho mokokotlong oa lijo (lijo tse nkiloeng ka tsela e tšoanang li fokotsa ho monya ka tsela e itseng). TCmax ho plasma e fapana pakeng tsa metsotso e 25-60 (ka taolo ea iv ea metsotso e 10-11). Plasma Cmax ke 25 38 mcg / ml. Bioavailability ea hoo e ka bang 30%, Vd ea boholo ba 450 ml / kg, AUC e ka bang 5 μg / h / ml.

Thioctic asiti e ka tšoaetsoa ke "phallo ea pele" ts'ebetsong ka sebete. Ho itšehla thajana ka lihlahisoa tsa metabolic ho khonahala ka lebaka la mekhoa ea khokahano le oxidation ea ketane ea lehlakoreng. Excretion ka mokhoa oa metabolites ke 80-90% e etsoang ke liphio. T1 / 2 e nka metsotso e ka bang 25. Tlhahiso ea plasma ka kakaretso ke 10-15 ml / min / kg.

Matšoao a sebeliso:

Berlition ea lithethefatsi e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le joala la polyneuropathy, le tsamaeang le paresthesia. Setlhare se ka laeloa le ho bakuli ba nang le mafu a sebete a fapaneng.

Contraindication:

Berlition ha e fuoe bakuli ba nang le hypersensitivity ea motho ka mong ho alpha-lipoic acid le likarolo tse ling tsa lithethefatsi.

Bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18, hammoho le basali ba baimana le ba anyang, ha ba khothaletsoe ho fana ka litlhare Berlition.

Matlapa a Berlition 300 Oral ha a sebelisetsoe ho phekola bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho kenella ha glucose-galactose, khaello ea lactase le galactosemia.

Li-capslop tsa Berlition ha li khothalletsoe ho bakuli ba nang le mamello ea fructose.

Lithethefatsi li laetsoe ka hloko ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere (ho hlahloba glycemia khafetsa hoa hlokahala).

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling:

Ha hoa lumelloa ho sebelisa joala ba ethyl nakong ea phekolo le Berlition.

Alpha lipoic acid e fokotsa katleho ea cosplatin ha e sebelisoa hammoho.

Lithethefatsi li ka ntlafatsa litlamorao tsa li-hypoglycemic agents. Ha ho fanoa ka moriana oa litlhare, bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba lokela ho lekola tsoekere ea bona ea mali mme, ha ho hlokahala, ba fetole tekanyetso ea lithethefatsi tsa antidiabetes.

Thioctic acid e etsa metsoako e rarahaneng le calcium, hammoho le tšepe, ho kenyeletsa le magnesium le tšepe. Ho amoheloa ha lithethefatsi tse nang le likarolo tsena, hammoho le ts'ebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa lebese ha ho lumelloe pejana ho lihora tse 6-8 kamora ho nka moriana Berlition.

Tekanyetso le tsamaiso:

Li-capsules tse kopantsoeng le matlapa:

E etselitsoe tšebeliso ea molomo. Ha hoa lumelloa ho sila kapa ho hlafuna lipilisi le matlapa. Tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea thioctic acid e laetsoe ka nako e le 'ngoe, ho khothalletsoa ho nka moriana metsotso e 30 pele ho lijo tsa hoseng. Ho fihlela ts'ebetso e hlokahalang ea kalafo, o lokela ho latela likhothaletso tsa ho sebelisa moriana. Hangata moriana o nooa nako e telele, tsela ea kalafo e khethoa ke ngaka e eang.

Batho ba baholo ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la polyneuropathy hangata ba khothalletsoa ho nka 600 mg ea thioctic acid (matlapa a 2 a lithethefatsi Berlition Orral kapa likhabapo tse peli tsa lithethefatsi Berlition 300 kapa 1 capsule ea lithethefatsi Berlition 600) ka letsatsi.

Batho ba baholo ba nang le mafu a sebete ba atisa ho khothalletsoa ho fana ka 600-1200 mg ea thioctic acid ka letsatsi.

Ka mafu a matla, ho khothalletsoa ho qala kalafo ea lithethefatsi ka tšebeliso ea mefuta ea batsoali.

Nahanela tharollo ea infusion:

Likateng tsa ampoule li etselitsoe ho hlophisoa ha tharollo ea infusion. E le solvent, ke tharollo ea 0.9% ea sodium chloride feela e lumelloang. Tharollo e felileng e fanoa ka matla, e koala botlolo ka foil ea aluminium ho thibela ho chaba hoa letsatsi. 250 ml ea tharollo e felileng e lokela ho tsamaisoa bonyane metsotso e 30.

Batho ba baholo ba nang le mofuta o matla oa lefu la tsoekere la polyneuropathy hangata ba khothalletsoa ho fana ka 300-600 mg ea thioctic acid (li-ampoule tse peli tsa lithethefatsi Berlition 300 kapa 1 ampoule ea lithethefatsi Berlition 600) ka letsatsi.

Batho ba baholo ba nang le mefuta e matla ea lefu la sebete hangata ba khothaletsoa ho fana ka 600-1200 mg ea thioctic acid ka letsatsi.

Kalafo e nang le mefuta ea litlhare tsa motsoako e etsoa ho feta libeke tse 2, ka mor'a moo ba fetohela ho tsamaiso ea molomo ea thioctic acid.

Ka ts'oaetso ea moriana, ho na le kotsi ea ho ts'oaroa ha anaphylactic, ka nts'etsopele ea ho hlohlona, ​​bofokoli kapa nausea, lithethefatsi li lokela ho emisoa hanghang. Nakong ea infusion, mokuli o lokela ho lula a beiloe leihlo ke basebetsi ba bongaka.

Bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la polyneuropathy ba lokela ho boloka tekanyo e tsoekere ea maling maling (ho kenyelletsa le, ha ho hlokahala, ho fetola tekanyetso ea lithethefatsi tsa hypoglycemic).

Litaelo tse ikhethang: Bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba nkang lithethefatsi tsa hypoglycemic kapa insulin nakong ea kalafo le Berlition ba hloka ho hlahlojoa khafetsa ka lero la plasma (haholo-holo qalong ea kalafo) mme, ha ho hlokahala, fetola (fokotsa) litekanyetso tsa litekanyetso tsa litekanyetso tsa hypoglycemic.

Ha o sebelisa mefuta ea litekanyetso tsa Berlition, ente ea hypersensitivity phenomena e ka etsahala. Tabeng ea matšoao a fosahetseng, a tšoaeang ho hlohlona, ​​malaise, ho nyekeloa, tsamaiso ea Berlition e lokela ho emisoa hanghang.

Tharollo ea inflresh e sa tsoa lokisoa e tlameha ho sireletsoa ho pepesehela leseli.

Ha u fana ka litlhare tsa Berlition, ngaka e lokela ho nahana ka litaba tsa tokiso ea lactose ka foromo ena ea litekanyetso, e ka ba bohlokoa ho bakuli ba sa mamelleng tsoekere.

Litlamorao:

Ho tsoa ho kanalary canal: ho nyekeloa, ho hlatsa, mathata a ka setulong, matšoao a dyspeptic, phetoho ea maikutlo a monate.

Karolong ea methapo ea methapo e bohareng le e potelletseng: ka mora taolo e potlakileng ea ho kenella kahare, ho ile ha bonoa nts'etsopele ea maikutlo a boima hloohong, litsitsipano le diplopiki.

Ho tsoa ho tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo: kamora ts'ebetso ea methapo e potlakileng, nts'etsopele ea tachycardia, bofubelu ba sefahleho le mmele o kaholimo, le bohloko le maikutlo a ho tiea sefubeng li ile tsa bonoa.

Litla-morao tsa ho nyekeloa: lekhopho la letlalo, ho hlohlona, ​​urticaria, eczema. Maemong a mang, haholo-holo ka ho hlahisoa ha tekanyetso e phahameng ea lithethefatsi, ho ts'oaroa ha anaphylactic hoa khoneha.

Tse ling: Matšoao a hypoglycemia a ka hlaha, ho kenyelletsa le mofufutso o feteletseng, hlooho e bohloko, ho senyeha ha pono le ho tsekela. Maemong a mang, ka tšebeliso ea thioctic acid, ho hema ka thata, thrombocytopenia, le Purpura li ile tsa hlokomeloa.

Qalong ea kalafo ea lithethefatsi ho bakuli ba nang le polyneuropathy, ho ka ba le keketseho e itseng ea paresthesia ka maikutlo a "li-bose".

Bongata

Ho nka tekanyetso e phahameng ea Berlition ho ka lebisa ho openg hlooho, ho nyekeloa le pelo le ho hlatsa. Ka keketseho e 'ngoe ea lethal dose, pherekano le kelello ea kelello e fetoha. Ho amoheloa ha lino tse fetang 10 tsa alpha-lipoic acid ho ka lebisa ho taoleng e matla, ho kenyelletsa le lefu. Botebo ba chefo ka alpha-lipoic acid bo ka eketseha ka ts'ebeliso e kopaneng ea moriana Berlition ka joala ea ethyl. Ka ho tahoa haholo le thioctic acid, bakuli ba hlokometse nts'etsopele ea ho ts'oaroa ka kakaretso, lactic acidosis, fokotseha tsoekere ea mali, hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis, fokotseha mosebetsi oa 'moko, hammoho le ho hasana kahare ho matlafatsang, ho hloleha ha litho tse ngata le ho tsitsipana.

Ha ho na litlhare tse tobileng. Ha u sebelisa litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa moriana, ho pepesoa sepetlele hoa bontšoa. Maemong a chefo ka mefuta ea litlhare, ho fanoa ka sefuba le tsamaiso ea li-enterosorbents. Haeba ho na le lithethefatsi tse ngata tse feteletseng tsa Berlition, ho khothalletsoa kalafo e matla, 'me ho boetse ho etsoa kalafo ea matšoao haeba ho na le matšoao.

Ho sebetsa hantle ha hemodialysis le hemofiltration maemong a chefo ea alpha-lipoic acid ha e e-so ithutoe.

Letsatsi la ho felloa ke nako:

Tsepamisa maikutlo bakeng sa tharollo ea infusion e loketse lilemo tse 3. Tharollo e itokiselitseng ea infusion e loketse lihora tse 6.

Matlapa a koahetsoeng, Berlition 300 Oral e loketse lilemo tse peli.

Li-capsules tsa 300 tsa Berlition li loketse lilemo tse 3, li-capsule tsa Berlition tse 600 li loketse lilemo tse 2,5.

Maemo a ho abjoa ho tsoa litlolong tsa litlama: Ka lengolo la ngaka.

Moetsi: Jenahexal Pharma, Pharma Jena GmbH, Haupt Pharma Wolfratshausen (Germany)

Analogs ea lithethefatsi Berlition 300

Analogue e theko e tlaase ho tloha li-ruble tse 162.

Oktolipen ke tlhophiso ea letlapa e thehiloeng ho thioctic acid. E bonts'itsoe bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea lefu la tsoekere le polyneuropathy le joala ba joala ba joala. Oktolipen ha e khethoe pele a le lilemo li 18, nakong ea kemaro le kanyeso.

Analogue e theko e tlaase ho tloha li-ruble tse 448.

Lipoic acid - analog ea theko e tlase ea lithethefatsi Berlition 300, e nang le lipoic kapa thioctic acid, ka litekanyetso tsa 25 mg mg ka ho pepa. Ke ea livithamini tse nang le phello ea meriana, e na le phello ea antioxidant ka kakaretso 'meleng, e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, e na le phello e kang insulin. Ha e khothalletsoe tšebeliso ea joala.

Analogue e theko e tlase ho tloha li-ruble tse 187.

Moetsi: Biosynthesis (Russia)
Mefuta ea Tsamaiso:

• Kameho amp. 30 mg / ml, 10 ml, li-pcs tse 10 ,. Theko e tsoang ho li-ruble tse 308

Marbiopharm (Russia) Lipoic acid - analogue e theko e tlase ea lithethefatsi Berlition 300, e nang le lipoic kapa thioctic acid, ka tekanyetso ea 25 mg ka ho penta. Ke ea livithamini tse nang le phello ea meriana, e na le phello ea antioxidant ka kakaretso 'meleng, e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, e na le phello e kang insulin. Ha e khothalletsoe tšebeliso ea joala.

Analogue e theko e tlase ho tloha li-ruble tse 124.

Marbiopharm (Russia) Lipoic acid - analogue e theko e tlase ea lithethefatsi Berlition 300, e nang le lipoic kapa thioctic acid, ka tekanyetso ea 25 mg ka ho penta. Ke ea livithamini tse nang le phello ea meriana, e na le phello ea antioxidant ka kakaretso 'meleng, e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, e na le phello e kang insulin. Ha e khothalletsoe tšebeliso ea joala.

Litla-morao tsa Berlition

Tharollo ea ente: ka linako tse ling ho ikutloa eka o boima hloohong le ho hema ka thata (ka potlako ho / ho tsamaiso). Boitšoaro ba ho kulisa bo ka etsahala setsing sa ente se nang le ho bonahala urticaria kapa sensation e tukang. Maemong a mang, ho hlohlona, ​​diplopia, hemorrhages e supang letlalong le mucous membrane.

Matlapa a koahetsoeng: Maemong a mang, ho kula ho kulang letlalo.

Ho fokotseha ha tsoekere ea mali hoa khoneha.

Lebitso ka botlalo: Berlition 300, ampoules

Lebitso la Brand:
Berlin-Chemie

Naha ea Tlholeho:
Jeremane

Theko: 448 r

Tlhaloso:

Berlition 300, ampoules 12 ml N5

Ketso ea pharmacological:

Hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic. Ha e le coenzyme ea mitochondrial multenzyme complexes, e nka karolo ho oxidative decarboxylation ea pyruvic acid le alpha-keto acid. E thusa ho fokotsa tsoekere ea mali le ho eketsa glycogen ho sebete, hammoho le ho hlola insulin.
Ka mofuta oa ts'ebetso ea biochemical, e haufi le livithamini tsa B. E nka karolo taolong ea metabolism ea lipid le carbohydrate, e matlafatsa metabolism ea cholesterol, mme e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebete. Ts'ebeliso ea letsoai la trometamol la thioctic acid (ho ba le karabelo e sa nke lehlakore) tharollo bakeng sa tsamaiso e kenelletseng e ka fokotsa botebo ba karabelo e mpe.

Nts'iets'ing:
Ha e nooa ka molomo, e kenella ka potlako le ka botlalo ho tsoa pampiring ea mala (ho ja ka lijo ho fokotsa ho monya). Nako ea ho fihla Cmax ke metsotso e 4060. Bioavailability ke 30%. E na le phello ea "mokhoa oa pele" ka sebete. Ho thehoa ha metabolites ho etsahala ka lebaka la oxidation ea lehlakore le thipa. Boholo ba kabo e ka ba 450 ml / kg. Litsela tse kholo tsa metabolic ke oxidation le conjugation. Thioctic acid le metabolites ea eona li hlahisoa ke liphio (8090%). T1 / 2 - 2050 mets. Kakaretso ea plasma Cl - 1015 ml / min.

Matšoao:
Lefu la tsoekere le joala la polyneuropathy, steatohepatitis ea etiology tse fapa-fapaneng, sebete sa mafura, ho tahoa ho sa feleng.

Contraindication
:
Hypersensitivity, boimana, matsoele. Se ke oa fana ka taelo ho bana le lilemong tsa bocha (ka lebaka la ho hloka tsebo ea bongaka ka ts'ebeliso ea bona ea lithethefatsi).

Sebelisa nakong ea bokhachane le pelehi:

E kopantsoe le moimana. Nakong ea kalafo, letsoele le lokela ho emisoa (ha ho na boiphihlelo bo lekaneng le linyeoe tsena).

Litlamorao:
Matlapa a koahetsoeng: maemong a mang, lintho tse ka kulisang letlalo.
Ho fokotseha ha tsoekere ea mali hoa khoneha.

Tšebelisano:

E nyenyefatsa phello ea cisplatin, e ntlafatsa lithethefatsi tsa hypoglycemic.

Bongata

Matšoao: hlooho, hlooho, ho hlatsa.

Phekolo:

matšoao a kalafo. Ha ho na litlhare tse tobileng.

Tekanyetso le tsamaiso:

Phekolo e lokela ho qala ka ho qala ka tharollo ea Berlition 300 IU bakeng sa libeke tse 2-4. Bakeng sa sena, li-ampoules tse peli tsa ho lokisa (12-2 ml ea tharollo), e lekanang le 300-600 mg ea alpha lipoic acid) e kenngoa ka 250 ml ea tharollo ea sodium chloride mme e tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o theohelang metsotso e ka bang 30. Nakong e tlang, ba fetoha ba ts'ehetsang kalafo ea nako e telele le lithethefatsi Berlition 300 ka molomo ka mokhoa oa litafole ka tekanyo ea 300-600 mg / ka letsatsi.

Litlhokomelo:
Nakong ea kalafo, motho o lokela ho hana ho sebelisa lino tse tahang (joala le lihlahisoa tsa lona li fokolisa phello ea kalafo).
Ha o sebelisa sethethefatsi, o lokela ho lekola boemo ba tsoekere ea mali khafetsa (haholo-holo mohato oa pele oa kalafo). Maemong a mang, ho thibela matšoao a hypoglycemia, ho ka hlokahala ho fokotsa tekanyetso ea insulin kapa moemeli oa antidiabetesic ea molomo.

Tekanyetso ea Berlition

Ho / ka, ka. Mefuteng e matla ea "polyneuropathy" e kenang kahare, 12-24 ml (300-600 mg ea alpha-lipoic acid) ka letsatsi bakeng sa libeke tse 2-4. Bakeng sa sena, li-ampoules tsa 1-2 tsa moriana li hlapolotsoe ka 250 ml ea tharollo ea sodium chloride le ho tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o theohelang metsotso e ka bang 30. Nakong e tlang, ba fetoha pheko ea tlhokomelo le Berlition 300 ka mokhoa oa lipilisi ka lethal dose ea 300 mg ka letsatsi.

Bakeng sa kalafo ea polyneuropathy - 1 tafole. Makhetlo a 1-2 ka letsatsi (300-600 mg ea alpha-lipoic acid).

1. Ngoliso ea Naha ea Meriana
2. Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classization (ATX),
3. Tlhophiso ea Nosological (ICD-10),
4. Litaelo tsa semmuso tse tsoang ho moetsi.

Cardiomagnyl ke bokae

Theko ea Yarina libakeng tsa meriana

Theko ea Cytotec ka lebenkeleng la lithethefatsi

Berlition e rekoe ho ntlafatsa maemo ka kakaretso. Mehopolo e sa thabiseng e ne e le ka har'a sebete. Ebile, sethethefatsi se hloekisa 'mele hantle, ke hlokometse hore sebete se sebelitse ka tsela e ncha kamora puso. Ha kea fumana litla-morao. Ke na le lefu la tsoekere pele ke utloa bohloko ka botlalo, empa ka mor'a moriana, ke ile ka bona ntlafatso, boima le bona bo fokotsehile. Theko e ntle bakeng sa thupelo ea lipilisi.

Berlition e nka hangata, tsoekere e sebetsa ka potlako haholo. Ebe ho latela ho theoha ho fokolang. E ile ea ama cholesterol, eo le eona e ileng ea ntlhokofatsa ka lilemo tse ngata mme tsoekere e ile ea qala ho fokotseha. Ehlile, kamora kalafo e joalo e ile ea e ba bonolo. Ke ne nke ke ka re theko e theko e phahameng, ho fihlela joale ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ntekane. Ke e rekile ka makhetlo a mangata, ke tla tsoelapele ho e nka ho latela litaelo tsa ngaka.

Nakong ea tlhahlobo e latelang ea bongaka, ke ile ka fumana liteko tsa mali a ka li le tsoekere e ngata maling. Ho bua joalo ho ile ha nkutloisa bohloko. Ngaka e neng e le teng e ile ea mpha lijo tse khethehileng, le lithethefatsi "Berlition 300". Leha e le hore ha ke noe lipilisi nako e telele hakana, empa ke se ke utloile ntlafatso ea bohlokoa, hlooho ea ka e ile ea emisa ho thekesela, tsoekere ea ka ea mali e ile ea putlama. Ke rera ho qeta thupelo ena eohle le ho fokotsa sekhahla sa tsoekere maling e le litekanyetso tse amohelehang. Ka tsela, theko e karolelano, ho na le lithethefatsi tsa lefu la tsoekere le tse theko e phahameng haholo, empa eseng taba ea hore li tla sebetsa hantle joalo ka "Berlition 300"

Ke khale haholo ha ke fumana hore ke na le lefu la tsoekere, e le hore ke fokotse matšoao le ho khutlisetsa 'mele ho tloaelehileng, ngaka e ile ea mpha mekhoa e fapaneng. Ke ile ka qala ho latela tsoekere. Berlition e ile ea ntumella ho ea thupelong. Fokotsa ka theko. Lactose, e leng karolo ea motsoako, ke mamella habonolo. Ha ho botsoa bo fumanoeng. Empa boemo kamora ho qeta ho sebelisa moriana bo khutlela boemong bo tloaelehileng.

Berlition o ile a fuoa monna oa hae ho phekola botaoa bo bakiloeng ke joala. Theko ha e nyane, empa 'nete ke hore e nepahetse. Ho ne ho se na letho le phahametseng sebopeho, sethethefatsi se ile sa sebetsa ka potlako. Nakoana ka mor'a ho ja beke le beke, monna oa hae o ile a qala ho fola mme o ile a ikutloa hantle haholo. Kaha moriana o fokotsa tsoekere, re ile ra e noesa ka mokhoa o mong hape oa ho khutlisa.