Litšobotsi tsa ts'ebeliso ea Captopril AKOS

Captopril-AKOS: litaelo tsa tšebeliso le litlhahlobo

Lebitso la Latin: Captopril-AKOS

Khoutu ea ATX: C09AA01

Motsoako o sebetsang: Captopril (Captopril)

Mohlahisi: Synthesis, Open Society (Russia)

Ho ntlafatsa litlhaloso le foto: 11/30/2018

Litheko makaleng a litlhare: ho tloha li-ruble tse 10.

Captopril-AKOS ke inhibitor e fetolang maikutlo ea enjine (ACE), e sebelisang antihypertensive.

Sokolla foromo le sebopeho

Setlhare se fumaneha ka mokhoa oa matlapa: flat-cylindrical, e nang le chamfer, hoo e ka bang e tšoeu kapa e tšoeu, e na le monko o ts'oanang, marang o bobebe o lumelletsoe, kotsi ea karohano e sebelisoa matlapeng a tekanyetso ea 50 mg (litekanyetso tsa 25 mg: 10 kapa li-pcs tsa blister. , ka letlapeng la likarete tse 1, 2, 3 kapa 4, litekanyetso tsa 50 mg: 10 kapa li-20 tsa likhomphutha, ka licheleteng tsa karete ea 1, 2, 3, 4 kapa 5, 10, 20, 30, 40. , Li-pcs tse 50, 60, 80 kapa 100. Likhotong tsa polasetiki, ka pakete ea 1 ea karete, pakete ka 'ngoe e na le litaelo ka ho sebelisoa ha captopril-ICCO).

Letlapa le le leng le na le:

• ntho e sebetsang: Captopril (ho latela boima bo omileng) - 25 kapa 50 mg,
• likarolo tse thusang: litekanyetso tse 25 25 mg - starch ea poone, tsoekere ea lebese, magnesium stearate, talc, litekanyetso tse 50 mg - lactose monohydrate (tsoekere ea lebese), colloidal silicon dioxide (aerosil), cellulose ea cellcrystalline, crospovidone (CL-M kholone, Clidone), magnesium stearate, talc.

Pharadodynamics

Captopril-AKOS ke lithethefatsi tse felisang matla, mohato oa ts'ebetso oa ona o bakoang ke thepa ea ntho e sebetsang - Captopril. Captopril ke inhibitor ea pele-pele ea ACE e nang le sehlopha sa SH (sehlopha sa sulfhydryl). Ka ho thibela ACE, e fokotsa ho fetoloa ha angiotensin I ho angiotensin II mme e felise phello ea eona ea vasoconstrictor ho likepe tse venous le tsa arterial. Ho fokotseha ha boemo ba angiotensin II ho phahamisa keketseho ea bobeli ts'ebetsong ea mali a plasma ea mali, ho etsa hore ho fokotsehe ka kotloloho ho secretion ea aldosterone ke adrenal cortex. Sena se lebisa ho fokotseha hoa khatello ea methapo ea pelo (OPSS) le khatello ea mali (BP), ho hanyetsa methapong ea methapo ea methapo, le ho fokotseha ha pele le kamora ho phomola hoa pelo. Ho eketsa tlhahiso ea pelo, mamello ea boikoetliso.

Tlas'a tšusumetso ea Captopril, methapo ea kutlo e atoloha ho fihla tekanyo e kholo ho feta methapo. Hape, ho nka Captopril-AKOS ho lebisa ho keketseho ea motsoako oa prostaglandin le ho fokotseha ha boleng ba bradykinin.

Matla a antihypertensive a Captopril ha aa itšetleha ka tšebetso ea plinma renin. Kameho ea eona ts'ebetsong ea tiske renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) e baka ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali nakong ea ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng le e fokotsehang ea li-hormone.

Captopril e ntlafatsa phallo ea mali a coronary le a renal, e ntlafatsa phepelo ea mali ho ischemic myocardium. Tšebeliso ea eona ea nako e telele e baka ho fokotseha ha botebo ba myocardial hypertrophy le marako a methapo ea methapo, e thibela tsoelo-pele ea ho se sebetse ha pelo, mme e sitisa nts'etsopele ea ho fokotseha hoa ventricle e ka letsohong le letšehali.

Ho nka Captopril-AKOS ho lebisa ho fokotseha ha palo ea liplatelese, ho nyefoleng ea pelo - ho fokotseha ha litaba tsa sodium ions.

Ho fokotsa tonus ea li-arterioles tse sebetsang tsa glomeruli ea liphio ho thusa ho ntlafatsa intracubule hemodynamics le ho thibela ponahalo ea lefu la tsoekere.

Ka tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 50 mg, Captopril e bonts'a thepa ea angioprotective khahlano le methapo ea mali ea microvasculature. Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere, le fokotsa tsoelo-pele ea ho se sebetse hantle ha rebo.

Ho fapana le li-vasodilators tse tobileng, tse kang hydralazine le minoxidil, ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali ha u ntse u nka Captopril-AKOS ha e tsamaisane le Reflex tachycardia mme e thusa ho fokotsa tlhokeho ea oksijene ea myocardial. Litekanyetso tse lekaneng tsa Captopril ho bakuli ba nang le ho nyekeloa ke pelo ha li ame khatello ea mali.

Kamora ho tsamaisoa ka molomo, ho fokotseha ho phahameng ha khatello ea mali ho hlaha ka lihora tse 1-1. Nako ea phello e matlafatsang e itšetlehile ka tekanyo e nkuoeng; e fihlela boleng ba eona ka mor'a libeke tse 'maloa tsa kalafo.

U ke ke ua hlakola Captopril ka tšohanyetso, sena se ka lebisa ho kholo e kholo ea khatello ea mali.

Mofumahali

Kamora ho tsamaisoa ka molomo, ho kenngoa ka potlako hoo e ka bang 75% ea tekanyetso ea Captopril-AKOS e nkuoeng ho etsahala. Ho ja lijo tse tšoanang ka nako e le 'ngoe ho fokotsa ho monya ha motlakase ka 30-40%. Nakong ea karolo ea pele ho pholletsa le sebete, 35-40% ea ntho e sebetsang e biotransformed. Tlhokahalo e phahameng (C_max) plasma ea mali e fumaneha ka nako ea lihora tse 0.5-1,5 mme ke 114 ng / ml.

Kopana le liprotheine tsa plasma ea mali - 25-30% (haholo-holo ka albin).

E hlola methapo ea mali le bokhopo bo bongata ka tekanyo e nyane (ka tlase ho 1%). Ka lebese la matsoele, ho fihlela 0,002% ea lethal dose e nkuoeng e bolokoa.

Captopril e tšelisoa ka har'a sebete ho hlaha metsoako ea metsoako ea meriana e sa sebetseng - Captopril disulfide dimer le Captopril-cysteine ​​sulfide.

Half-life (T_1/2) Captopril ke lihora tse ka bang 2-3. Hoo e ka bang 95% ea tekanyetso e amoheloang e pepesoa lipelong nakong ea lihora tse 24 tsa pele (ho kenyelletsa 40-50% e sa fetohe).

Ha a sa sebetse hantle hantle haholo ke moriana oa lithethefatsi, oa bokellana, T_1/2 e ka ba lihora tse 3,5 ho isa ho tse 32. Bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho sebetsa hantle ha renal bo lokela ho fokotsa tekanyetso e le 'ngoe le / kapa ho eketsa karohano lipakeng tsa tekanyetso ea Captopril-AKOS.

Matšoao a ho sebelisoa

• khatello ea methapo ea kutlo (ho kenyeletsa le khatello ea methapo ea kutlo),
• lefu la pelo le sa foleng - e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng,
• ho se sebetse hantle ha ventrile ea ka letsohong le letšehali ka mor'a ho kenella ka kotloloho ho bakuli ba maemong a tsitsitseng a kliniki,
• lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere (albinuria ho feta 30 mg / ka letsatsi).

Contraindication

• ho se sebetse hantle haholo ha renal, ho sebetsa ka har'a methapo ea methapo le methapo ea methapo, ho ruruha ha leino le nang le azotemia e tsoelang pele, hyperkalemia e matla, boemo bo ka sehloohong kamora ho fetisoa ha meno,
• ho hloka matla ha sebete,
• ts'ebeliso e le 'ngoe ea li-aliskiren le li-aliskiren tse nang le bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 kapa ho bakuli ba nang le ts'ebetso ea ho hlaphoheloa ha lesapo ka moreinine clearance (CC) e ka tlase ho 60 ml / min,
• lactose ho hloka mamello, tsoekere ea glucose-galactose malabsorption kapa khaello ea lactase,
• nako ea kemaro
• sefuba
• lilemo tse 18
• lefutso le / kapa idiopathic angioedema khahlano le semelo sa kalafo ea nakong e fetileng le li-inhibitors tsa ACE (ho kenyeletsa nalane),
• hypersensitivity ho li-inhibitors tse ling tsa ACE, ho kenyelletsa le nalane
• ho se mamellane ha motho ka mong likarolo tsa moriana.

Ka tlhokomeliso, matlapa a Captopril-AKOS a lokela ho fuoa moriana o thibelang lefu la pelo, "coronary stenosis", "aortic stenosis" le liphetoho tse tšoanang tse sitisang phallo ea mali ho tsoa letsohong le letšehali la pelo, haeba ho ka ba le khatello ea methapo ea methapo ea mali, ho hloleha ha renal, systemic lupus erythematosus, kapa tse ling. mafu a amanang le mesifa, thibelo ea masapo a hematopoiesis, tsoekere ea methapo ea methapo, lefu la tsoekere, hyperkalemia, ho holofala ts'ebetso ea sebete, thibelo ea phepo ea sodium chloride, hemodialysis, lets'ollo, ho hlatsa, kapa maemo a mang a bakang ho fokotseha hoa phallo ea mali nakong ea ts'ebetso ea bongaka kapa anesthesia e akaretsang, hemodialysis e sebelisa li-membrane tse phallang haholo (ho kenyeletsa AN69 polyacrylonitrile lipallo tse phahameng tse phallang), e lumellanang le takatso e matla. kalafo, apheresis ea lipidiproteins tse tlase (LDL), hammoho le diuretics tse nang le potasiamo, litokisetso tsa potasiamo, tse nkang sebaka sa potasiamo le letsoai, litokisetso tsa lithium, bakuli ba morabe oa Negroid, botsofaling.

Litlamorao

Mathata a sa hlokahaleng ka lehlakoreng la litsamaiso le litho tsa 'mele (ho latela khafetsa ea nts'etsopele ea tsona, li thathamisitsoe ka tsela e latelang: khafetsa - ≥ 1/10, hangata - ≥ 1/100 le 9 ka litara e le' ngoe e etsa tlhahlobo ea mali ka kakaretso, ka tlase ho 1 x 10 9 ka litara e le ngoe Maemong a matšoao a mafu a tšoaetsanoang, ho kenyeletsa le 'metso kapa feberu, ho hlokahala tlhahlobo ea mali ea kliniki e nang le palo ea leukocyte.

Re lokela ho hopola hore ho nka Captopril-AKOS kamorao ho kalafo e tlohelang takatso ka chefo ea hymenoptera, 'me ho joalo, ho eketsa kotsi ea ho tsilatsila ho anaphylactoid.

Haeba ho na le ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea hepatic transaminases kapa ponahalo ea matšoao a jaundice, kalafo e nang le Captopril e lokela ho emisoa hang-hang.

Bathong ba morabe oa Negroid, li-inhibitors tsa ACE, ho kenyeletsa Captopril-AKOS, li bonts'a phello e tlase e senotsoeng ea antihypertensive.

Teko ea moroto bakeng sa acetone ho bakuli ba noang moriana e ka fana ka sephetho se fosahetseng.

Bokhachane le pelehi

Ts'ebeliso ea Captopril-AKOS e kopantsoe nakong ea ho emara le ho anyesa.

Basali ba lilemo tsa ho ba le bana ba rerileng ho ima ba lokela ho qoba ts'ebeliso ea li-inhibitors tsa ACE (ho kenyeletsa le Captopril). Ba lokela ho khothaletsa kalafo e 'ngoe ea antihypertensive.

Haeba mohopolo o bile teng nakong ea tsamaiso ea Captopril-AKOS, ho hlakola hanghang hoa hlokahala mme ho hlokahala leihlo le tloaelehileng la nts'etsopele ea "fetus". Ts'ebeliso ea Captopril ho "trimester" ea pele ea kemaro e ka eketsa kotsi ea ho ba le bofokoli ba pelehi ka popelong. Ts'ebeliso ea nako e telele ea lithethefatsi ho li-trimesters tsa II le III li na le chefo ho fetus mme e lebisa ho liehisoa ha masapo a lesapo, mosebetsi o fokolitsoeng oa renal, oligohydramnios, ho kgothaletsoa ho lekola boemo ba masapo a sephara le ts'ebetso ea renal ea fetus ka ultrasound (ultrasound).

Ho masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa bao bo-'m'a bona ba nkileng nako e telele ho kotara ea II le ea boraro ea bokhachane, nts'etsopele ea ho se sebetse hantle ha reonatal renal, hyperkalemia, hypotension e ka etsahala.

Haeba ho na le bothata ba ho renal bo sa sebetseng

Ts'ebeliso ea Captopril-AKOS bakeng sa kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le ts'oaetso e matla ea methapo e kang ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo, lesapo la meno le le leng le nang le "azotemia", "hyperkalemia", "hyperaldosteronism" ea mantlha, le boemo ba kamora ho fetisoa ha meno.

Ka tlhokomeliso, ho lokela hore ho fanoe ka mofuputsi bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho hlaphoheloa ke pheko bo sa foleng.

Ka tekanyo e leka-lekaneng ea ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha e sa sebetseng hantle (CC 30 ml / min le ka holimo), Captopril-AKOS e ka fuoa lethal dose ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 75-100 mg.

Ka ho senyeha ho matla ha renal (CC ka tlase ho 30 ml / min), lethaliti la pele la letsatsi ha lea lokela ho feta 12,5 mg. Haeba ho hlokahala, lethalinyana le ka eketseha butle-butle, le shebella nako e telele e lekaneng, empa tekanyetso ea tlhokomelo e lokela ho ba tlase ho tekanyo e tloaelehileng e sebelisoang ho phekola khatello ea mali ea methapo.

Mohlomong sepheo se eketsehileng sa "loop" diuretics, empa eseng diuretics tsa letoto la thiazide.

Khalemelo ea moriana oa litekanyetso haeba o sebetsa o sa sebetse hantle, o lokela ho tsotelloa sesupo sa QC ka tatellano e latelang:

• CC 40 ml / min: tekanyetso ea pele ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 25-50 mg, lethal dose le leholo la letsatsi le letsatsi ke 150 mg,
• KK 21-40 ml / min: tekanyetso ea pele ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 25 mg, lethal dose le leholo la matsatsi ke 100 mg,
• KK 10 - 20 ml / min: tekanyetso ea pele ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 12,5 mg, lethalano le phahameng la letsatsi le letsatsi ke 75 mg,
• QC e ka tlase ho 10 ml / min: tekanyetso ea pele ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 6.25 mg, lethal dose le leholo la letsatsi le letsatsi ke 37,5 mg.

Sebelisa botsofaling

Tlhokomelo e lokela ho fuoa Captopril-AKOS ho bakuli ba tsofetseng.

Tekanyetso ea pele ea bakuli ba tsofetseng ke 6.25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Regimen ena ea dosing e thibela ts'ebetso ea renal e senyehileng, ka hona e nkuoa e le e nepahetseng bakeng sa lethal dose. Ho khothalletsoa ho fetola tekanyetso ea Captopril-AKOS e nahanang ka karabelo ea kalafo ea mokuli khafetsa, e e boloke e le maemong a tlase a sebetsang.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi

• angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA II), aliskiren le lithethefatsi tse ling tse amang RAAS: eketsa menyetla ea ho fokotseha hoa khatello ea mali, ts'ebetso ea renal e sa sebetseng (ho kenyelletsa le ho hloleha ho hlobaetsang le pelo), hyperkalemia. Ntlheng ena, haeba ho hlokahala, ho beoa ha lithethefatsi tse ling tse amang RAAS ho lokela ho lekola khatello ea mali ka hloko, matšoao a ts'ebetso ea renal, electrolyte ea plasma. Ka ts'ebetso e matla ea renal e holofetseng le mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere, hammoho le aliskiren li lokela ho qojoa,
• li-potasium tse sireletsang diuretics (amiloride, triamteren, spironolactone, eplerenone), litokisetso tsa potasiamo, tlatsetso ea potasiamo, tse nkang sebaka sa letsoai: ho eketsa kotsi ea hyperkalemia, ho hlokahala ho laola litaba tsa potasiamo ea plasma,
• diuretics (thiazide le "loop"): litekanyetso tse phahameng li eketsa monyetla oa hypotension ea methapo,
• li-diuretics, li-restresh tsa mesifa, aldesleukin, alprostadil, cardiotonic, alpha₁-Blockers, beta-blockers, alpha e bohareng₂-adrenomimetics, li-blockers tse liehang ho feta tsa calcium calcium, nitrate, minoxidil, vasodilators: li ka baka phello e matla ea hypotensive ea Captopril-AKOS,
• lipilisi tsa ho robala, li-antipsychotic, li-anxieptantant: ntlafatsang phello ea antihypertensive ea Captopril,
• lithethefatsi tse seng khahlanong le ho ruruha tsa 'mele (NSAIDs), ho kenyelletsa indomethacin, li-inhibitors tse khethiloeng tsa cycloo oxygenase-2, li-estrogens: ka tšebeliso ea nako e telele, ba fokotsa ts'ebetso ea Captopril. Ntle le moo, ho kopana ha li-NSAIDs le li-inhibitors tsa ACE ho ka ba le phello e tlatsetsang ho eketseheng ha mahlakore a serum potasiamo khahlanong le semelo sa ho fokotseha ka nako e le 'ngoe ha ts'ebetso ea renal (ho kenyelletsa le ho hloleha ha real haholo), haholoholo ho bakuli ba nang le nalane ea ho fokola ha liphio, bakuli ba tsofetseng, kapa ba nang le molumo o fokolisitsoeng oa mali o potoloha. ,
• anesthesia ka kakaretso: ho fokotseha ho phatlalalitsoeng ha khatello ea mali nakong ea ts'ebetso e pharaletseng ho ka khoneha, haholo-holo haeba anesthesia e akaretsang e na le phello ea antihypertensive,
• Litokisetso tsa lithium: excretion ea lithium e ea fokotseha 'me khatello ea eona maling e nyoloha,
• allopurinol, procainamide: kotsi e eketsehileng ea neutropenia le / kapa lefu la Stevens-Johnson,
• glucocorticosteroids, epoetin, estrogens le lithibela-pelehi tse kopaneng tsa molomo, naloxone, carbenoxolone: ​​fokolisa ketso ea Captopril-AKOS,
• Litokisetso tsa khauta: iv ho tsamaisoa ha sodium aurothiomalate ho ka baka matšoao a mangata ho mokuli, ho kenyelletsa le ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali, ho tjhaba sefahleho, ho nyekeloa, ho hlatsa,
• sympathomimetics: e ka fokotsa phello ea kliniki ea Captopril,
• hypoglycemic agents bakeng sa tsamaiso ea molomo, insulin: eketsa kotsi ea hypoglycemia,
• li-antacid: liehisa ho kenngoa ha Captopril ka mpeng ea mpa,
• ethanol: e ntlafatsa phello e matlafatsang ea Captopril-AKOS,
• probenecid: e thusa ho fokotsa leseli la reopril, le isang keketseho ea khatello ea lona serum,
• azathioprine, cyclophosphamide: eketsa monyetla oa ho ba le mathata a hematological,
• propranolol: ts'ebetso ea eona ea bioavailability e eketseha,
• cimetidine: e thusa ho eketsa khatello ea ntho e sebetsang ka plasma ea mali,
• Clonidine: e fokotsa botebo ba phello ea antihypertensive.

Li-analogu tsa Captopril-AKOS li kenyelletsa: Captopril, Captopril-Ferein, Captopril-FPO, Captopril-UBF, Captopril Velfarm, Kapoten, Katopil, Epsitron, Alkadil, Angiopril-25, Blockordil, Vero-Captopril, Captopril-STI le ba bang.

Mokhoa oa ketso

Setšoantšo se ka tlase se bonts'a phello ea ACE inhibitor litsamaisong tse peli tsa phetisetso ea lintho:

1. Ho sitisoa ha ho etsoa ha angiotensin II, ho fokotseha hoa khatello ea mali maling.
2. Tšitiso ea timetso ea bradykinin ho li-complements tse sa jeleng paate, ho bolelang ho kenya letsoho ho bokelleng

Morero oa phello ea inhibitor ea ACE litsamaisong tse peli tsa phetisetso ea lintho

Ha o araba phokotso ea phallo ea mali kapa boemo bo sithabetsang, renin peptide e qala ho lokolloa lipelong. E sebetsa ho protheine ea angiotensinogen ebe e e fetola angiotensin I. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e fetoha angiotensin II ka thuso ea eniotensin e fetolang bophelo ba motho. Sistimi eohle e bitsoa renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS).

Angiotensin II e na le thepa e latelang:

• e fokotsa mesifa ea marako a methapo ea mali, e fokotsang lumen. Sena se lebisa keketseho ea khatello ea mali, e eketsa mojaro pelong, e mpefatsa phepelo ea mali ho litho tsa kahare,
• e eketsa mokokotlo oa aldosterone. Aldosterone le eona e eketsa palo ea moroalo 'meleng. Sena se lebisa ho edema le khatello e eketsehileng tsamaisong ea pelo le pelo. Bakeng sa sena, aldosterone e liseleng tsa menoana e monya sodium mme e tlosa potasiamo,
• e khothaletsa motsoako oa metsoako e fapaneng ea ho ruruha - li-cytokines. Li senya le ho ntlafatsa sclerosis ea marako a methapo ea mali, pelo le lithane tsa renal.

Ntle le RAAS, ACE inhibitors e thibela kinin-kallikrein sistimi. Bradykinin e ikarabella ka mekhoa e 'meli:

• phomolo ea methapo ea mali, i.e. ho theola khatello,
• mats'oafo a ho ruruha le ho hola.

Tekanyetso le tsamaiso

Captopril-AKOS e fanoa ka molomo hora e le 'ngoe pele ho lijo. Mokhoa oa litekanyetso li beoa ka bonngoe. Ha o kenyelletsa tekanyetso ea lethopeli ho latela lipontšo tse boletsoeng, ho hlokahala hore u sebelise mokhoa oa Captopril ka mokhoa oa litekanyetso: matlapa a 12,5 mg.

Ka khatello ea mali ea methapo, kalafo e qala ka tekanyetso e sebetsang e tlase haholo ea 12,5 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi (ka seoelo a nang le 6.25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi). Ho lokela ho fanoa ka tlhokomelo mabapi le ho mamella tekanyetso ea pele nakong ea hora ea pele. Haeba hypotension ea methapo ea kutlo e tsoetse pele boemong bona, mokuli o lokela ho isoa sebakeng se otlolohileng (karabelo e joalo ho lethal dose ea pele ha ea lokela ho ba tšitiso ea kalafo e tsoelang pele). Ha ho hlokahala, tekanyetso e ea butle-butle (e nang le karohano ea libeke tse 2) ho fihlela phello e nepahetseng e ka fumaneha. Ka hypertension e bonolo kapa e leka-lekaneng ea methapo, tekanyetso e tloaelehileng ea tlhokomelo ke 25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, tekanyo e phahameng ke makhetlo a 50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Khatellong e matla ea methapo ea kutlo, lethal dose e phahameng ke makhetlo a 50 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Tekanyo e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 150 mg.

Ho bakuli ba tsofetseng, tekanyo ea pele ke 6.25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi.

Ha pelo e sa sebetse hantle, e kenngoa hammoho le diuretics le / kapa hammoho le litokisetso tsa digitalis (e le ho qoba ho fokotseha ho feteletseng ha khatello ea mali, diuretic e hlakotsoe kapa lethalano le fokotsehile pele ho tsamaiso ea Captopril-AKOS. Motsoako oa pele ke 6.25 mg kapa 12,5 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, haeba ho hlokahala, eketsa lethalinyana butle-butle (ka linako tse ling bonyane libeke tse peli) ho isa ho 25 mg makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi. Tekanyo e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 150 mg.

Tabeng ea ho senyeha ha ventricle e ka letsohong le letšehali kamora ho tšoaroa ke lefutso la mokokotlo ho bakuli ba maemong a tsitsitseng a kliniki, ts'ebeliso ea Captopril-AKOS e ka qala hang kamora matsatsi a 3 kamora lefutso la myocardial. Tekanyetso ea pele ke 6.25 mg / ka letsatsi, ka nako eo lethal dose la letsatsi le leng le le leng le ka eketsoa ho 37,5-75 mg ho litekanyetso tse 2 (ho latela ho mamella ha moriana). Haeba ho hlokahala, tekanyetso e eketseha butle-butle hore e be lethalamo le phahameng la letsatsi le letsatsi la 150 mg / ka letsatsi. Ka nts'etsopele ea hypotension ea methapo, ho ka hlokahala phokotso ea litekanyetso. Liteko tse latelang tsa ho sebelisa lethal dose e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 150 mg e lokela ho ipapisa le mamello ea bakuli ba Captopril-AKOS.

Ka lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere, lethal dose ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 75-100 mg / ka letsatsi e beheletsoe litekanyetso tse 2-3. Maemong a lefu la tsoekere le itšetlehileng ka insulin le microalbuminuria (ho lokolloa ha albin 30-300 mg ka letsatsi), lethal dose ke 50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Ka botlalo ba protheine e fetang 500 mg ka letsatsi, moriana o sebetsa ka tekanyetso ea 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.

Ka tekanyo e leka-lekaneng ea ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha e sa sebetseng (clearinine clearance (CC) - bonyane 30 ml / min / 1.73 m), Captopril-AKOS e ka laetsoa ka tekanyetso ea 75-100 mg / ka letsatsi. Ka tekanyo e boletsoeng ho feta ea dysfunction ea mokokotlo (CC - ka tlase ho 30 ml / min / 1.73 m), lethal dose la mantlha ha lea lokela ho ba ho feta 12,5 mg / ka letsatsi, ka hona, haeba ho hlokahala, tekanyo ea Captopril-AKOS butle-butle e eketseha ka linako tse lekaneng. nako, empa sebelisa e nyane ho feta tabeng ea kalafo ea khatello ea methapo ea mali, lethal dose la lithethefatsi tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. Haeba ho hlokahala, liopture tsa loop li laetsoe, mme eseng diuretics ea letoto la li-hyazide.

Litla-morao

Captopril-AKOS e fanoa ka molomo hora e le 'ngoe pele ho lijo. Mokhoa oa litekanyetso li beoa ka bonngoe. Ha o kenyelletsa tekanyetso ea lethopeli ho latela lipontšo tse boletsoeng, ho hlokahala hore u sebelise mokhoa oa Captopril ka mokhoa oa litekanyetso: matlapa a 12,5 mg.

Ka khatello ea mali ea methapo, kalafo e qala ka tekanyetso e sebetsang e tlase haholo ea 12,5 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi (ka seoelo a nang le 6.25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi). Ho lokela ho fanoa ka tlhokomelo mabapi le ho mamella tekanyetso ea pele nakong ea hora ea pele. Haeba hypotension ea methapo ea kutlo e tsoetse pele boemong bona, mokuli o lokela ho isoa sebakeng se otlolohileng (karabelo e joalo ho lethal dose ea pele ha ea lokela ho ba tšitiso ea kalafo e tsoelang pele). Ha ho hlokahala, tekanyetso e ea butle-butle (e nang le karohano ea libeke tse 2) ho fihlela phello e nepahetseng e ka fumaneha. Ka hypertension e bonolo kapa e leka-lekaneng ea methapo, tekanyetso e tloaelehileng ea tlhokomelo ke 25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, tekanyo e phahameng ke makhetlo a 50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Khatellong e matla ea methapo ea kutlo, lethal dose e phahameng ke makhetlo a 50 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Tekanyo e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 150 mg.

Ho bakuli ba tsofetseng, tekanyo ea pele ke 6.25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi.

Ha pelo e sa sebetse hantle, e kenngoa hammoho le diuretics le / kapa hammoho le litokisetso tsa digitalis (e le ho qoba ho fokotseha ho feteletseng ha khatello ea mali, diuretic e hlakotsoe kapa lethalano le fokotsehile pele ho tsamaiso ea Captopril-AKOS. Motsoako oa pele ke 6.25 mg kapa 12,5 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, haeba ho hlokahala, eketsa lethalinyana butle-butle (ka linako tse ling bonyane libeke tse peli) ho isa ho 25 mg makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi. Tekanyo e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ke 150 mg.

Tabeng ea ho senyeha ha ventricle e ka letsohong le letšehali kamora ho tšoaroa ke lefutso la mokokotlo ho bakuli ba maemong a tsitsitseng a kliniki, ts'ebeliso ea Captopril-AKOS e ka qala hang kamora matsatsi a 3 kamora lefutso la myocardial. Tekanyetso ea pele ke 6.25 mg / ka letsatsi, ka nako eo lethal dose la letsatsi le leng le le leng le ka eketsoa ho 37,5-75 mg ho litekanyetso tse 2 (ho latela ho mamella ha moriana). Haeba ho hlokahala, tekanyetso e eketseha butle-butle hore e be lethalamo le phahameng la letsatsi le letsatsi la 150 mg / ka letsatsi. Ka nts'etsopele ea hypotension ea methapo, ho ka hlokahala phokotso ea litekanyetso. Liteko tse latelang tsa ho sebelisa lethal dose e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 150 mg e lokela ho ipapisa le mamello ea bakuli ba Captopril-AKOS.

Ka lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere, lethal dose ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 75-100 mg / ka letsatsi e beheletsoe litekanyetso tse 2-3. Maemong a lefu la tsoekere le itšetlehileng ka insulin le microalbuminuria (ho lokolloa ha albin 30-300 mg ka letsatsi), lethal dose ke 50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Ka botlalo ba protheine e fetang 500 mg ka letsatsi, moriana o sebetsa ka tekanyetso ea 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.

Ka tekanyo e leka-lekaneng ea ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha e sa sebetseng (clearinine clearance (CC) - bonyane 30 ml / min / 1.73 m), Captopril-AKOS e ka laetsoa ka tekanyetso ea 75-100 mg / ka letsatsi. Ka tekanyo e boletsoeng ho feta ea dysfunction ea mokokotlo (CC - ka tlase ho 30 ml / min / 1.73 m), lethal dose la mantlha ha lea lokela ho ba ho feta 12,5 mg / ka letsatsi, ka hona, haeba ho hlokahala, tekanyo ea Captopril-AKOS butle-butle e eketseha ka linako tse lekaneng. nako, empa sebelisa e nyane ho feta tabeng ea kalafo ea khatello ea methapo ea mali, lethal dose la lithethefatsi tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. Haeba ho hlokahala, liopture tsa loop li laetsoe, mme eseng diuretics ea letoto la li-hyazide.

Bongata

Matšoao: Ho fokotseha hoa khatello ea mali ho fihlela

ho putlama, myocardial infarction, kotsi e mpe ea methapo ea pelo, mathata a thromboembolic.

Phekolo: beha mokuli ka maoto le matsoho a phahamisitsoeng, mehato e reretsoeng ho khutlisetsa khatello ea mali (keketseho ea phallo ea mali, ho kenyelletsa le infusion ea tharollo ea chloride ea 0.9%), matšoao a kalafo. Mohlomong tšebeliso ea hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis ha e sebetse.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling

Meriana e fokotsang ts'ebetso ea kutloelo-bohloko e fuoe bakuli ba nkang Captopril ka hloko. Beta-blockers e fana ka phello e eketsehileng ea antihypertensive ha e eketsoa ho capropril, empa phello e akaretsang ha e tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebeletsoe.

Tšusumetso ea antihypertgency e fokolisoa ke lithethefatsi tse seng tsa antiidalidal (NSAIDs) (e liehisitse Na + 'me e fokotse synthesis ea prostaglandin), haholoholo khahlano le semelo sa khatello e tlase ea renin, le estrogen (e liehang Na +). Ho kopantsoe le thiazide diuretics, vasodilators (minoxidil), verapamil, beta-blockers, li-antidepressants tsa triceclic, ethanol e ntlafatsa sephetho sa hypotensive.

Ts'ebeliso e kopantsoeng le potureum-sparing diuretics (mohlala, triamteren, spironolactone, amiloride), litokisetso tsa potasiamo, cyclosporine, lebese le nang le letsoai le tlase (le ka ba le K + ho fihlela ho 60 mmol / l), li-supplements tsa potasiamo, li-substitutes tsa letsoai (li na le keketseho e kholo ea K +). kotsi ea ho ba le hyperkalemia.

E fokotsa tlase likhakanyo tsa litokisetso tsa lithium.

Ka ho khethoa ha Captopril ha u ntse u nka allopurinol kapa procainamide, kotsi ea ho ba le Stevens-Johnson syndrome le ts'ebetso ea immunosuppress ea eketseha. Ho sebelisoa ha Captopril ho bakuli ba nkang li-immunosuppressants (mohlala, azathioprine kapa cyclophosphamide) ho eketsa kotsi ea ho ba le mathata a hematological. Ts'ebeliso e tšoanang ea li-inhibitors tsa ACE le insulin, hammoho le lithethefatsi tsa hypoglycemic tsa molomo li ka lebisa nts'etsopele ea hypoglycemia. Kotsi e kholo ea ho ba le hypoglycemia e bonoa nakong ea libeke tsa pele tsa phekolo e kopaneng, hammoho le ho bakuli ba nang le ts'ebetso ea renal e holofetseng. Bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba hloka ho hlahlojoa ka hloko glycemia, haholo-holo khoeling ea pele ea kalafo e nang le ACE inhibitor.

Likarolo tsa ts'ebeliso

Pele o qala, hape le khafetsa nakong ea kalafo le Captopril-AKOS, ts'ebetso ea boits'oaro e lokela ho beoa leihlo. Ho bakuli ba nang le ho nyekeloa ke pelo ho sa feleng, ba sebelisoa tlasa tlhokomelo e haufi ea bongaka. Khahlano le nalane ea ts'ebeliso ea nako e telele ea Captopril-AKOS, bakuli ba ka bang 20% ​​ba na le keketseho e tsitsitseng ea urea le serum creatinine ka 20%, ha e bapisoa le boleng bo tloaelehileng kapa ba pele. Bakuli ba ka tlase ho 5%, haholo ba nang le nephropathy e matla, ba hloka ho khaotsa ho phekoloa ka lebaka la keketseho ea mahloriso a creatinine. Ho bakuli ba nang le khatello ea methapo ea methapo le Captopril-AKOS, khatello ea methapo e matla ea kelello e shebeloa feela maemong a sa tloaelehang, menyetla ea ho ba le boemo bona e eketseha ka khaello ea mokelikeli le tahlehelo ea letsoai (ka mohlala, kamora kalafo e matla le diuretics), ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la pelo le sa foleng kapa ba kenang dialysis . Monyetla oa ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khatello ea mali ho ka fokotsoa ka tšusumetso ea pele (matsatsi a 4-7) ea diuretics kapa keketseho ea tekanyo ea "sodium chloride" (hoo e ka bang beke pele ho ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso), kapa ka tsamaiso ea mots'oane qalong ea kalafo ka tekanyetso e nyane (6.25- 12.5 mg / letsatsi). Nakong ea kalafo motheong oa ho tsoa, ​​lemosa mokuli ka ponahalo ea matšoao a tšoaetso, a hlokang tlhahlobo e latelang ea bongaka, tlhahlobo ea bongaka le ea laboratori. Likhoeling tse 3 tse qalang. kalafo khoeli le khoeli e lekola palo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, ebe - nako e le ngoe ho likhoeli tse 3: ho bakuli ba nang le mafu a autoimmune likhoeling tse 3 tse qalang. - libeke tse ling le tse ling tse 2, ebe - likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse peli. Haeba palo ea leukocytes e le tlase ho 4000 / μl, ho bontšoa tlhahlobo ea mali ka kakaretso, ka tlase ho 1000 / μl, lithethefatsi li emisoa. Haeba matšoao a pele a ts'oaetso ea bobeli a hlaha khahlanong le semelo sa myeloid hypoplasia, tlhahlobo e hlakileng ea mali e lokela ho etsoa hanghang. Hoa hlokahala ho kenyelletsa ho felisoa ho sa lefelloeng ha moriana le keketseho e ikemetseng ea matla a ikoetlisang. Maemong a mang, khahlano le semelo sa ts'ebeliso ea li-inhibitors tsa ACE, ho kenyelletsa Captopril, ho na le keketseho ea phallo ea potasiamo e ngata serum ea mali. Kotsi ea ho ba le hyperkalemia ka ts'ebeliso ea li-inhibitors tsa ACE e eketseha ho bakuli ba nang le ho se sebetse hantle ha masapo le lefu la tsoekere, hammoho le ho nka diuretics tsa potasiamo, litokisetso tsa potasiamo kapa lithethefatsi tse ling tse bakang keketseho ea potasiamo ea potasiamo maling (ka mohlala, heparin). Ho sebelisoa ka nako e le 'ngoe ho li-diuretics tsa potasiamo le phallo ea potasiamo ho lokela ho qojoa. Ha ho etsoa hemodialysis ho bakuli ba fumanang Captopril-AKOS, ts'ebeliso ea li-membrane tsa dialysis tse phahameng haholo (jk.769) e lokela ho qojoa, hobane maemong a joalo menyetla ea ho ba le ts'oaetso ea anaphylactoid e eketseha. Tabeng ea nts'etsopele ea angioedema, moriana o hlakotsoe 'me ho etsoa kalafo e nepahetseng ea bongaka le kalafo ea matšoao. Ha u nka Captopril-AKOS, karabelo e fosahetseng ea leshano e ka bonoa ha ho hlahlojoa moroto bakeng sa acetone. Bokhoni ba lithethefatsi ho susumetsa boitšoaro kapa likarolo tse sebetsang tsa 'mele, tšebelisano le koae, joala, lijo: nakong ea kalafo ho hlokahala hore u hane ho khanna makoloi le ho etsa lintho tse ka bang kotsi tse hlokang ho tsepamisa maikutlo le ho potlaka ha maikutlo a psychomotor, hobane ho tsekela ho ka khoneha, haholo kamora ho nka tekanyetso ea pele.

Litlhokahalo tsa polokeho

Litlhoko-hloko: ts'ebeliso ea mafu a matla a autoimmune (haholo-holo systemic lupus erythematosus kapa scleroderma), thibelo ea masapo a hematopoiesis (kotsi ea neutropenia le agranulocytosis), ischemia ea lefu la tsoekere, lefu la tsoekere la lefu la tsoekere, ho bakuli ba nang le hemodialysis thibelo ea sodium, hyperaldosteronism ea mantlha, lefu la pelo, maemo a tsamaeang le ho fokotseha hoa palo ea mali a potoloha (ho kenyelletsa le lets'ollo, ho hlatsa) botsofaling.

Ka hloko, bakuli ba jang lijo tse se nang letsoai le tlase kapa tse se nang letsoai (kotsi e eketsehang ea ho ba le hypotial hypotension) le hyperkalemia ba laetsoe.

Ke khatello efe eo ke lokelang ho e nka?

Boholo bo nka lipalo tsa khatello ea mali ho feta 140/90 mm RT. Art. Captopril AKOS ke lithethefatsi tse nkang nakoana. Phello ea eona e nka lihora tse ka bang 6. Ka hona, khafetsa, lingaka li fana ka litlokotsi tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali, bakeng sa tšebeliso e tsoelang pele ea khatello ea mali e fanoeng ke lithethefatsi tse nkileng nako e telele.

O ka nka moriana ho latela khatello ea methapo ea methapo, ha keketseho ea khatello ea mali e sa bohlokoa ebile e le seoelo, ebe u ea ngakeng. Empa ha e bontšoe ka litaelo tsa ts'ebeliso ea Captopril AKOS hore na khatello e lokela ho nkuoa joang. Ka hona, haeba phello ea ketso ea moriana e tšoanela mokuli le ngaka e eang, joale o ka siea mofuta ona oa kalafo e le ts'ebeliso e tsoelang pele.

Litaelo tsa ho sebelisoa

1. Ho qoba litla-morao, ba qala ho sebelisa moriana o noang tekanyetso e nyane. Hangata e laetsoe ho tloha ho 6 ho isa ho 12 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.
2. Sephetho se hlahlojoa kamora matsatsi a 'maloa, sethethefatsi sa lithethefatsi se tlameha ho bokellana' meleng.
3. Haeba litekanyetso tsa pele li sa lekana ho fumana phello, butle-butle litekanyetso li eketseha ho 25-50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi.
4. Ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang mots'eare, o ka nka lingaka tse 150 mg tsa moriana.
5. Ka khatello ea khatello ea mali, ke hore, ha khatello ea mali e fihla lipalo ka holimo ho 180/110 mm RT.Art., Nka 25 mg ea Captopril 'me u emetse ho fokotseha ha khatello ea halofo ea hora.
6. Haeba phello e sa hlahe, o ka pheta ho nka pilisi e 'ngoe.

Captopril AKOS e fokotsa khatello joang?

Setlhare sena se fumanoa maling kamora metsotso e 15, matla a phahameng a ntho ena a hlaha ka nako ea metsotso e 60-90, ebe butle-butle ea fokotseha.

Captopril e sebetsa ka lihora tse ka bang 6, kahoo khafetsa ea tsamaiso ke makhetlo a 3.

Litlhahlobo tsa mokuli mabapi le ts'ebeliso

Litlhahlobo mabapi le Katopril AKOS li ntle haholo.

Melemo ea lithethefatsi e kenyelletsa:

• ho qala ka potlako
• theko e tlase
• boholo bo boholo ba tafole e bonolo, ho bonolo ho e koenya,
• Ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho opeloa ke hlooho,
• e ka sebelisoa lapeng e le thuso ea pele,
• e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa khatello e sa tloaelehang e nyoloha ka maemo.

Tse latelang e ne e le likotsi tsa lithethefatsi:

• tatso e seng monate ea bolila
• phello ea nakoana
• ha e loketse ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi,
• Ho na le meriana e sebetsang haholoanyane bakeng sa ho phekola khatello ea mali.

Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa Captopril le Captopril AKOS?

Litaelo tsa Captopril AKOS ha li tšoane le thuto ea Captopril. Joale phapang ke efe pakeng tsa Captopril le Captopril AKOS? PeleOS AK e bolela hore moriana o hlahisoa ke setjhaba sa kopanelo sa Kurgan sa litokisetso tsa bongaka le lihlahisoa "Synthesis". Khamphani ena e ntse e sebetsa ho tloha ka 1958. Semela se hlahisa ho feta 3% ea lihlahisoa tsa meriana ho tsoa 'marakeng oa lithethefatsi tsa Russia. Lihlahisoa tsohle li fetisa taolo ea boleng maemong ohle a tlhahiso.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling

Lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sa diuretic li ntlafatsa katleho ea Captopril, e eketsa khatello ea eona maling. Ho hloka litlamorao tsa ts'oaetso li bonoa ha li ntse li nkuoa le li-NSAID, haholo-holo indomethacin.

Hape, katleho ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi e ea fokotseha haeba e kopantsoe le li-estrogens tse tsamaisoang ka mokhoa oa maiketsetso mme ka nako e ts'oanang, clonidine e sebelisoa.

Ho kopantsoe hampe le letsoai la potasiamo le sodium ho etsa hore ho liehe ho fihla 'meleng, le ho tahisa joala.

Nts'etsopele ea ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa le ho lahleheloa ke kelello e bonoa ka tšebeliso e le 'ngoe ea Captopril ka litokisetso tse nang le khauta.

Ho thibetsoe ka thata ho kopanya le lithethefatsi tse kang:

• Allopurinol le procainamide - li lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea Stevens-Jones syndrome, hape e eketsa likotsi tsa ho hlaha le ho eketseha ha neutropenia.
• Insulin - e eketsa menyetla ea ho ba le hypoglycemia (keketseho e matla ea tsoekere ea mali).
• Li-cyclosporins - oliguria ea nts'etsapele, 'me ha e le hantle ho hloleha hoa pheko ho tsoela pele.
• Azunoprine-based immunosuppressants - e lebisa ho thehoeng ha hematological pathologies (madi a ho koala mali, ho se leka-lekane ha lisele tsa mali).

Haeba u hloka ho sebelisa Captopril le lithethefatsi tse ling ka nako e le ngoe, u lokela ho lula u botsa ngaka ea hau ka ho ba teng ha liphetoho tse ka ba teng.

Video: Ho Hlleha Toka

Nakong ea kemolo

Captopril ha e sebelisoe kalafo ho basali ba baimana, kaha sena se ka ama boemo ba masea hampe. ho baka mathata a pelo a tlhaho. Hape o lokela ho hana ho nka lipilisi nakong ea matsoele, kaha karolo e sebetsang e kenella hantle lebeseng la matsoele mme e ka baka khatello e matla ea khatello ho lesea le sa tsoa hlaha.

Lipehelo le maemo a polokelo

Bophelo ba setebele sa Captoril Akos ke likhoeli tse 24 ho tloha ka letsatsi la tlhahiso, le bonts'itsoeng sephutheloaneng. Boloka sebakeng se omileng, se lefifi, ka mocheso o sa feteng 25 ° C.

Theko e tloaelehileng lik'hemisteng tsa Russia tsa Captopril Akos ha e fete Li-ruble tse 25 blister ka 'ngoe ea matlapa a 10. Ukraine, lithethefatsi li ka rekoa ka theko e ts'oanang - 25 hryvnia.

Har'a meriana e nang le phello e tšoanang ea antihypertensive, re ka khetholla:

Litlhahlobo tse ngata tsa bakuli ba sebelisang Captopril Akos e le moriana li bontša ts'ebetso ea eona e phahameng. Bakuli ha ba hlokomele ho sebetsa haholo feela, empa le lintlha tse ling tse ntle:

• theko e loketseng
• e mamelletse hantle ke mmele,
• ha ho mathata
• katleho e bonoa kamora lethal dose la pele,
• e ka sebelisoa e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng.

Ke maemong a ikhethileng moo ho neng ho e-na le mamello ho motho ea neng a bitsoa Captopril ka tsela e itseng e neng e etsa hore a se ke a kula.

Qeto

Ka tsela ena Captopril Akos e kopanya ts'ebetso e phahameng le theko e theko e tlaase, e o lumella hore o reke lithethefatsi ka mokhoa o lokolohileng litlolong life kapa life Ho latela litlhahiso le litaelo tsohle tsa ngaka, lithethefatsi ha li na ho arabela hampe. Ha ho e-ba le karabelo ea lintho tse kulang, pele ho qala ts'ebetso ea kalafo, ho lokela hore ho etsoe tlhahlobo ea liteko bakeng sa ho hlaha ha lintho tse bohloko.

Mefuta, mabitso, sebopeho le sebopeho sa tokollo

Captopril hajoale e fumaneha ka mefuta e mengata e latelang:

• Captopril
• Captopril Vero
• Laptop Hexal,
• Captopril Sandoz,
• Captopril-AKOS,
• Captopril Acre
• Captopril-Ros,
• Captopril Sar,
• Captopril-STI,
• Captopril-UBF,
• Captopril-Ferein,
• Captopril-FPO,
• Captopril Stada,
• Captopril Egis.

Mefuta ena ea lithethefatsi ha e le hantle e fapana le e 'ngoe feela ka ho ba teng ha lentsoe le eketsehileng ka lebitso, le bonts'ang polelo e khuts'oanyane kapa lebitso le tsebahalang la moetsi oa mofuta o itseng oa moriana. Ho seng joalo, mefuta ea Captopril ha e tšoane ho e 'ngoe, hobane li hlahisoa ka mokhoa o tšoanang oa litekanyetso, li na le ntho e le' ngoe e sebetsang, jj. Ho feta moo, hangata ntho e sebetsang mefuteng ea Captopril hangata e tšoana, kaha e rekoa ho bahlahisi ba baholo. China kapa India.

Phapang lipakeng tsa mabitso a mefuta ea Captopril e bakiloe ke tlhoko ea hore k'hamphani e ngoe le e 'ngoe ea meriana e ngolise sethethefatsi seo ba se hlahisang tlas'a lebitso la pele, le fapaneng le ba bang. Mme ho tloha nakong e fetileng, nakong ea Soviet, limela tsena tsa meriana li hlahisitse Captopril e le 'ngoe li sebelisa theknoloji e ts'oanang, ba kenyelletsa lentsoe le le leng feela lebitsong le tsebahalang, e leng khutsufatso ea lebitso la khoebo mme ka hona, lebitso le ikhethang le fumaneha ho tloha ntlheng ea molao fapaneng le ba bang kaofela.

Kahoo, ha ho na phapang ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa mefuta ea lithethefatsi, ka hona, e le molao, li kopantsoe tlasa lebitso le le leng le tloaelehileng la Captopril. Ho feta temaneng ea sengoloa re tla sebelisa lebitso le le leng - Captopril - ho bolela mefuta eohle ea eona.

Mefuta eohle ea Captopril e fumaneha ka foromo e le 'ngoe ea litekanyetso - ena matlapa a molomo. E le ntho e sebetsang matlapa a na le ntho boloi, eo lebitso la eona le bileng le fileng lebitso la moriana oo.

Mefuta ea Captopril e fumaneha ka litekanyetso tse fapaneng, joalo ka 6.25 mg, 12,5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg le 100 mg ka ho pepa. Litekanyetso tse fapaneng joalo li u lumella ho khetha khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho e sebelisa.

E le likarolo tse thusang Mefuta ea Captopril e kanna ea ba le lintho tse fapaneng, hobane khoebo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ka fetola sebopeho sa eona, ho leka ho fumana matšoao a nepahetseng a katleho ea tlhahiso. Ka hona, ho hlakisa sebopeho sa likarolo tsa tlatsetso tsa mofuta o mong le o mong o fapaneng oa lithethefatsi, ho bohlokoa ho ithuta ka hloko bukana e kenyellelitsoeng ka litaelo.

Recipe ea Captopril ka Selatine e ngotsoe ka tsela e latelang:
Rp: Tab. Captoprili 25 mg No. 50
D.S. Nka 1/2 - matlapa a 2 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.

Mohala oa pele oa lengolo ka mor'a pontšo "Rp" e bonts'a mofuta oa litekanyetso (khetlong lena Tab. - matlapa), lebitso la moriana (khetlong lena, Captoprili) le litekanyetso (25 mg). Kamora pontšo ea "Che", palo ea matlapa ao setsebi sa meriana se lokelang ho a lokolla ho mofani oa lengolo la ngaka. Moleng oa bobeli oa risepe ka mor'a poleloana "D.S." tlhahisoleseling e fanoa bakeng sa mokuli ea nang le litaelo tsa hore na a noe moriana joang.

Ke eng e thusang (Captoputic)

Captopril e theola khatello ea mali mme e fokotsa mojaro o pelong. Ka hona, moriana o sebelisoa kalafo ea khatello ea methapo ea mali, lefu la pelo (ho nyekeloa ke pelo, myocardial infarction, myocardial dystrophy) hammoho le lefu la tsoekere.

Kameho ea Captopril ke ho hatella ts'ebetso ea enzyme, e netefatsang ho fetoha ha angiotensin I ho angiotensin II, ka hona, lithethefatsi ke karolo ea sehlopha sa ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme). Ka lebaka la ketso ea moriana, angiotensin II ha e theoe 'meleng - ntho e nang le phello e matla ea vasoconstrictor mme, ka hona, e eketsa khatello ea mali. Ha angiotensin II e sa bopehe, methapo ea mali e lula e hlapolotsoe, ka hona, khatello ea mali e tloaelehile ebile ha e phahamisoe. Ka lebaka la phello ea Captopril, ha e nkuoa khafetsa, khatello ea mali ea fokotseha 'me e boloka ka har'a meeli e amohelehang le e amohelehang. Ho fokotseha ho phahameng ha khatello ho hlaha lihora tse 1 - 1.5 kamora ho nka Captopril. Empa bakeng sa ho fihlela phokotso e sa khaotseng ea khatello, moriana o tlameha ho nooa bonyane libeke tse 'maloa (4-6).

Le sethethefatsi e fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo pelong, ho holisa lumen ea lijana, ka lebaka leo mesifa ea pelo e hlokang boiteko bo nyane ho sutumetsa mali ho tsoa mokhoeng oa aorta le oa pulmonary artery. Kahoo, Captopril e eketsa mamello ea khatello ea maikutlo le ea maikutlo ho batho ba nang le bothata ba ho nyekeloa ke pelo kapa ba nang le lefu la kelello. Thepa ea bohlokoa ea Captopril ke ho se be le phello ho boleng ba khatello ea mali ha e sebelisoa kalafo ea ho hloleha ha pelo.

Hape Captopril e ntlafatsa phallo ea mali a renal le phallo ea mali ho ea pelongka lebaka leo moriana o sebelisoang kalafo e rarahaneng ea ho nyekeloa ke pelo le lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere.

Captopril e loketse hantle bakeng sa ho kenyelletsa metsoako e fapaneng le e meng antihypertensive lithethefatsi. Ntle le moo, Captopril ha e boloke mokelikeli 'meleng, e e khethollang ho lithethefatsi tse ling tse nang le thepa e tšoanang. Ke kahoo, ha u ntse u nka Captopril, ha ho hlokahale hore u sebelise li-diuretics tse ling ho tlosa edema e bakiloeng ke lithethefatsi tse antihypertensive.

Litokisetso le litekanyetso ka kakaretso

Captopril e lokela ho nkuoa hora e le 'ngoe pele ho lijo, e metsa letlapa leo lohle ntle le ho le loma, ho le hlafuna kapa ho le silafatsa ka tsela e' ngoe, empa ho na le metsi a mangata (bonyane halofo ea khalase).

Litekanyetso tsa Captopril li khethoa ka bonngoe, ho qala ka bonyane, 'me butle butle li tlise katleho. Kamora ho nka tekanyetso ea pele ea 6.25 mg kapa 12.5 mg, khatello ea mali e lokela ho lekanngoa halofo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe bakeng sa lihora tse tharo e le ho tseba hore na motho o ikutloa joang le hore na o tebile hakae. Nakong e tlang, ka litekanyetso tse ntseng li eketseha, khatello le eona e lokela ho lekanngoa khafetsa hora e le 'ngoe ka mor'a ho nka pilisi.

Ho tlameha ho hopotsoa hore tekanyetso e kholo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea Captopril e lumelletsoeng ka bongata ke 300 mg. Ho nka moriana ona ka bongata bo fetang 300 mg ka letsatsi ha ho lebise ho fokotseheng ho matla ha khatello ea mali, empa ho baka ts'abo e matla ho ho teba ha litla-morao. Ka hona, ho nka Captopril ka litekanyetso tse fetang 300 mg ka letsatsi ha ho na thuso ebile ha ho na thuso.

Captopril bakeng sa khatello (ka khatello ea mali ea methapo) qala ho nka 25 mg hang ka letsatsi kapa 12,5 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Haeba kamora libeke tse peli khatello ea mali e sa theohe ho boleng bo amohelehang, joale litekanyetso li eketseha mme li nkuoa 25-50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Haeba ha u nka Captopril ka tekanyetso ena e ntseng e eketseha, khatello ha e theohe ho boleng bo amohelehang, ka nako eo o tlameha ho eketsa Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg ka letsatsi kapa beta-blockers.

Ka khatello e phahameng ea mali kapa e fokolang, litekanyetso tse lekaneng tsa Captopril hangata li 25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Ho khatello ea mali e matla, litekanyetso tsa Captopril li fetoloa makhetlo a 50-100 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, li imena habeli ka mor'a libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli. Ke hore, libekeng tse peli tse qalang, motho o nka 12,5 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, ebe o feta libeke tse peli tse tlang - 25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, jj.

Ka khatello e phahameng ea mali ka lebaka la lefu la liphio, Captopril e lokela ho nooa ka makhetlo a 6.25 - 12.5 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Haeba kamora libeke tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2 khatello ha e theohe ho boleng bo amohelehang, joale litekanyetso li eketseha mme li nkuoa 25 mg makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi.

Ha pelo e sa sebetse hantle Captopril e lokela ho qala ho nkuoa ka 6.25 - 12.5 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Kamora libeke tse peli, litekanyetso li imena habeli, li tlisa makhetlo a 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, 'me moriana o nooa nako e telele. Ha pelo e sa sebetse, Captopril e sebelisoa hammoho le diuretics kapa pelo glycosides.
More mabapi le Ho hloleha ha pelo

Ka infarction ea myocardial Captopril e ka nkuoa ka letsatsi la boraro kamora ho fela ha nako ea komello. Matsatsing a pele a 3-4, ho hlokahala ho nka makhetlo a 6,25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, joale tekanyetso e eketsoa ho 12,5 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi mme e noe beke. Kamora sena, ka mamello e ntle ea moriana, ho khothalletsoa ho fetohela ho 12,5 mg makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi bakeng sa libeke tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo. Kamora nako ena ea nako, tlasa maemo a tloaelehileng a ho mamella lithethefatsi, li fetoha makhetlo a 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi ka taolo ea maemo a akaretsang. Ka litekanyetso tsena, Captopril e nkuoa nako e telele. Haeba litekanyetso tsa 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi li sa lekana, ka nako eo li lumelloa ho li eketsa ho isa ho tse phahameng - 50 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.
Tsebo e Ngata ka Morero oa Myocardial

Le lefu la tsoekere Captopril e khothalletsoa hore e noe 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi kapa 50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Ka microalbuminuria (albin ka moroto) ho feta 30 mg ka letsatsi, moriana o lokela ho nooa makhetlo a 50 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, 'me ka protheine (protheine ea moroto) ho feta 500 mg ka letsatsi Captopril e nooa 25 mg makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Litholoana tse bontšitsoeng li ntse li hloa butle butle, li qala ka bonyane, 'me li eketseha habeli kamora libeke tse peli. Tekanyetso e nyane ea Captopril bakeng sa nephropathy e ka fapana, hobane e khethoa ke tekanyo ea ho fokola ha renal. Litekanyetso tse fokolang tsa ho qala ho nka Captopril bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere, ho ipapisitse le tšebetso ea liphio li bontšoa tafoleng.

Tlhahiso ea Creatinine, ml / min (e khethiloeng ke tlhahlobo ea Reberg)	Tekanyetso ea pele ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea Captopril, mg	Sekhahla se phahameng sa letsatsi sa Captopril, mg
40 le kaholimo	25 - 50 mg	150 mg
21 – 40	25 mg	100 mg
10 – 20	12,5 mg	75 mg
Ka tlase ho 10	6.25 mg	37,5 mg

Litekanyetso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse boletsoeng li lokela ho aroloa ka tekanyetso e 'meli ho isa ho e meraro ka letsatsi. Batho ba baholo (ba kaholimo ho lilemo tse 65), ho sa tsotelehe ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha, ba lokela ho qala ho nka moriana ka makhetlo a 6,25 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, mme kamora libeke tse peli, haeba ho hlokahala, eketsa litekanyetso ho 12,5 mg makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka letsatsi.

Haeba motho a tšoeroe ke lefu lefe kapa lefe la liphio (eseng la tsoekere lefu la tsoekere), litekanyetso tsa Captopril bakeng sa hae le tsona li tla hlalosoa ke tumello ea creatinine mme ho joalo le ka lefu la tsoekere.

Sebelisa nakong ea bokhachane le nakong ea matsoele

Captopril e kopantsoe hore e sebelisoe nakong eohle ea kemolo, hobane lithuto tsa liteko tsa liphoofolo li bontšitse tšusumetso ea eona e kotsi ho lesea. Ho nka moriana ho tloha ho la 13 ho isa ho la 40 beke ea boimana ho ka lebisa lefung la masea kapa malformations.

Haeba mosali a e-ba le bokhachane, e lokela ho hlakoloa hanghang hang ha ho tsebahala ka ho qala ho ima.

Captopril e kenella ka lebese, kahoo haeba ho hlokahala, o lokela ho hana ho anyesa lesea le ho le fetisetsa motsoako oa maiketsetso.

Litaelo tse khethehileng

Bakeng sa bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18, Captopril e sebelisoa feela maemong a tšohanyetso, ho bala litekanyetso ka botsona ho latela boima ba 'mele, ho ipapisitsoe le karo ea boima ba 1 - 2 mg ka kilo e le 1 ka boima ba letsatsi.

Haeba u hlotsoe pilisi e latelang, nakong e tlang ha u hloka ho nka tekanyetso e tloaelehileng eseng habeli.

Pele u qala ho ba ngoana, ho bohlokoa ho khutlisetsa bophahamo ba mokelikeli le khatello ea li-electrolyte maling haeba li fumanoa li sa sebetse ka lebaka la qoqotho, lets'ollo le matla, ho hlatsa, jj.

Nakong eohle ea ts'ebeliso ea Captopril, hoa hlokahala ho laola mosebetsi oa liphio. Ho batho ba 20%, ha ba ntse ba sebelisa moriana ona, protheine (protheine ka har'a moroto) e ka hlaha, eo ka boyona e fetang libeke tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6 ntle le kalafo. Leha ho le joalo, haeba khatello ea protheine ka har'a moroto e phahame ho feta 1000 mg ka letsatsi (1 g / ka letsatsi), lithethefatsi li tlameha ho khaotsa.

Captopril e lokela ho sebelisoa ka hloko le ka tlhokomelo e haufi ea bongaka haeba motho a e-na le maemo kapa maloetse a latelang:

• Systems vasculitis,
• Maloetse a thata a lisele tse sebetsanang,
• Bilteryal renal stenosis,
• Ho amohela li-immunosuppressants (Azathioprine, Cyclophosphamide, jj), Allopurinol, Procainamide,
• Ho etsa kalafo e hlasimollang (mohlala, mahloko a linotsi, SIT, jj.).

Etsa tlhahlobo ea mali ka kakaretso libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli likhoeling tse tharo tse qalang tsa kalafo. Kamora moo, tlhahlobo ea mali e etsoa nako le nako, ho fihlela qetellong ea Captopril. Haeba palo eohle ea leukocytes e fokotseha ka tlase ho 1 G / l, lithethefatsi li lokela ho felisoa. Ka tloaelo, palo e tloaelehileng ea lisele tse tšoeu tse maling e khutlisetsoa libeke tse peli kamora ho felisoa ha moriana. Ntle le moo, ho hlokahala ho tseba hore na protheine e ngata hakae ka moroto, hammoho le creatinine, urea, protein le potasiamo e ngata maling nakong eohle ea ho nka Captopril khoeli le khoeli. Haeba khatello ea protheine ka har'a moroto e phahame ho feta 1000 mg ka letsatsi (1 g / ka letsatsi), lithethefatsi li tlameha ho khaotsa. Haeba khatello ea "urea" kapa "creatinine" maling e eketseha butle-butle, joale litekanyetso tsa moriana li lokela ho fokotsoa kapa li lokela ho hlakoloa.

Ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khatello khatello qalong, ho bohlokoa ho hlakola diuretics kapa ho fokotsa litekanyetso tsa bona ka makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 matsatsi a 4 ho isa ho a 7 pele ho pilisi ea pele. Haeba, kamora ho nka Captopril, khatello ea mali e theoha haholo, ke hore, hypotension e ea hlaha, joale o lokela ho robala mokokotlong oa hao holim'a leralla mme o phahamise maoto hore a phahame ho feta hlooho ea hau. Boemong bona, ho hlokahala ho robala metsotso e 30-60. Haeba hypotension e le matla, joale ho e felisa ka potlako, o ka kenya tharollo e tloaelehileng ea letsoai kahare.

Kaha tekanyetso ea pele ea Captopril hangata e baka khatello ea maikutlo, ho kgothaletswa ho khetha tekanyetso ea moriana mme o qale ho sebelisoa sepetlele tlasa tlhokomelo ea basebetsi ba bongaka kamehla.

Khahlano le semelo sa ts'ebeliso ea Captopril, ts'ebetso leha e le efe ea ts'ebetso ea ho buoa e kenyeletsa meno (mohlala, ho ntšuoa ha meno), e lokela ho etsoa ka hloko. Ts'ebeliso ea anesthesia ka kakaretso ha e ntse e nka Captopril e ka baka khatello e kholo ea khatello, ka hona, ngaka e thethefatsang maikutlo e lokela ho lemosoa hore motho o sebelisa moriana ona.

Ka nts'etsopele ea jaundice, o lokela ho emisa hang hang ho nka Captopril.

Bakeng sa nako eohle ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi, ho khothalletsoa ho tlohela ka botlalo ts'ebeliso ea lino tse tahang.

Ka morao ho nka moriana, ho ka lemohuoa tlhahlobo e nepahetseng ea 'nete bakeng sa acetone ka har'a moroto, e lokelang ho hopoloa ke ngaka le mokuli ka boeena.

Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore haeba matšoao a latelang a hlaha mokokotlong oa Captopril, o lokela ho etela ngaka hang-hang:

• Maloetse afe kapa afe a tšoaetsanoang, ho kenyelletsa sefuba, ntaramane, jj.
• Ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea metsi (ka mohlala, ka ho hlatsa, lets'ollo, ho fufuleloa ho feteletseng, jj.).

Ts'ebeliso ea Captopril ka linako tse ling e baka hyperkalemia (maemo a phahameng a potasiamo maling). Ka ho khetheha kotsi e kholo ea hyperkalemia ho batho ba nang le bothata ba ho kula bo sa foleng ba 'mele kapa lefu la tsoekere, hammoho le ba jang lijo tse se nang letsoai. Ka hona, khahlano le nalane ea ts'ebeliso ea Captopril, hoa hlokahala ho hana ho nka diuretics tsa potasiamo (Veroshpiron, Spironolactone, jj.), Litokisetso tsa potasiamo (Asparkam, Panangin, jj.) Le heparin.

Khahlano le semelo sa ts'ebeliso ea Captopril, motho a ka ba le lekhopho 'meleng, hangata le hlaha libekeng tse 4 tse qalang tsa kalafo mme a nyamela ka ho fokotseha ha tekanyetso kapa ka taolo e eketsehileng ea li-antihistamines (mohlala, Parlazin, Suprastin, Fenistil, Claritin, Erius, Telfast, joalo-joalo). Hape, ha o ntse o nka Captopril, khohlela e sa tsoeleng pele e sa beheng (ntle le ho tsoa lesapo la mokokotlo), ho baka tšitiso le ho theola boima ba 'mele ho ka hlaha, leha ho le joalo, litla-morao tsena kaofela li nyamela kamora likhoeli tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo ka mor'a hore moriana o khaoloe.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling

Captopril e ntlafatsa phello ea lithethefatsi tsa hypoglycemic (Metformin, Glibenclamide, Gliclazide, Miglitol, Sulfonylurea, jj.), Ka hona, ha e kopantsoe, boemo ba glucose ba mali bo lokela ho lula bo beiloe leihlo. Ntle le moo, Captopril e ntlafatsa litlamorao tsa lithethefatsi bakeng sa anesthesia, li-painkiller le joala.

Li-diuretics le li-vasodilator, li-antidepressants, li-antipsychotic, Minoxidil le Baclofen li eketsa haholo phello ea hypotensive ea Captopril, ka lebaka leo, ha e sebelisoa hammoho, khatello ea mali e ka fokotseha haholo. Beta-blockers, ganglion blockers, perarama le interleukin-3 ka tsela e leka-lekaneng li matlafatsa phello ea hypotensive ea Captopril, ntle le ho baka khatello e matla ea khatello.

Ha u sebelisa Captopril hammoho le nitrate (nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside, jj), ho hlokahala ho fokotsa litekanyetso tsa morao-rao.

Li-NSAIDs (Indomethacin, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nimesulide, Nise, Movalis, Ketanov, jj.), Aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, carbonate hydroxide, orlistat le clonidine li fokotsa botebo ba Captopril.

Captopril e eketsa khatello ea mali le lithixin maling. Ka lebaka leo, ho nka litokisetso tsa lithium le Captopril ho ka tsosa nts'etsopele ea matšoao a botaoa ba lithium.

Ts'ebeliso e ts'oanang ea li-Captopril tse nang le li-immunosuppressants (Azathioprine, Cyclophosphamide, joalo-joalo), Allopurinol, kapa Procainamide e eketsa kotsi ea neutropenia (e theola maemo a lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ka tlase ho tloaelehileng) le lefu la Stevens-Johnson.

Ts'ebeliso ea Captopril khahlano le semelo sa kalafo e ntseng e tsoela pele ea takatso, hammoho le estramustine le gliptins (linagliptin, sitagliptin, jj.) E eketsa kotsi ea karabelo ea anaphylactic.

Ts'ebeliso ea Captopril e nang le litokisetso tsa khauta (Aurothiomolate le tse ling) e baka bofubelu ba letlalo, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa le ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali.

Litla-morao tsa Captopril

Matlapa a Captopril a ka baka litlamorao tse latelang tse tsoang ho litho le litsamaiso tse fapaneng:

1.Ts'ebetso ea methapo le litho tsa kutlo:

• Mokhathala,
• Tsietsing
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Khatello ea tsamaiso ea methapo e kholo,
• Ho otsela
• Pherekano,
• Ho sithabela maikutlo
• Ataxia (khokahano e senyehileng ea metsamao),
• Maqhubu
• Paresthesia (letsoalo la letsoalo, ho bobola, "goosebumps" lethekeng),
• Pono e nyonyehang kapa monko,
• Ho hloka taolo
• Ho hloleha.

2.Ts'ebetso ea pelo le mali:

• Hypotension (khatello e tlase ea mali)
• Orthostatic hypotension (ho theoha ho matla ha khatello ha o tloha setulong kapa setulong sa leshano ho ea boemong bo emeng),
• Angina pectoris,
• Myocardial infarction
• Arrhythmia
• Ho otla ha pelo
• Kotsi ea pelo
• Mehala ea edipheral,
• Lymphadenopathy
• Boloetse
• Bohloko ba sefuba
• Syndrome ea Raynaud
• Maqhubu
• Letšoao la letlalo
• Pherekano ea Cardiogenic,
• Pulmonary thromboembolism,
• Neutropenia (ho fokotseha hoa palo ea neutrophils maling),
• Agranulocytosis (ho nyamela ka botlalo ha basophils, eosinophils le neutrophils maling),
• Thrombocytopenia (ho fokotseha ha palo ea liplatele ka tlase ho se tloaelehileng),
• Eosinophilia (keketseho ea palo ea eosinophils kaholimo ho e tloaelehileng).

3.Sistimi ea khalemelo:

• Bronchospasm,
• Ho hema hanyane
• Interstitial pneumonitis,
• Bronchitis
• Rhinitis
• Ho khohlela ho sa beheng (ntle le ho tsoa mongobo).

4.Phekolo ea ka mpeng:

• Anorexia
• Ho hloka taolo
• Stomatitis
• Li-ulc membrane ea mucous ea molomo le mpeng,
• Xerostomia (molomo o omileng ka lebaka la sesafu se sa lekaneng),
• Glossitis (ho ruruha ha leleme),
• Gingival hyperplasia,
• Ho thata ho koenya,
• Nausea
• Ho phomola
• Dyspepsia (flatulence, bloating, maumivu a ka mpeng, ho ikutloa a le boima ka mpeng ka mor'a ho ja, jj.),
• Ho qhala
• Letšollo
• Pancreatitis
• Cholestasis
• Cholestatic hepatitis
• Hepatocellular cirrhosis.

5.Tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo

• Mosebetsi o sa sebetseng oa renal, ho fihlela ho hloleha ha renal hampe,
• Polyuria (keketso ea moroto e holimo ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng),
• Oliguria (ho tsoa ha moroto ka tlase ho tloaelehileng),
• Proteinuria (proteni e moroto),
• Keketseho ea khafetsa le palo ea urination ka bongata
• Ho hloka matla.

6.Letlalo le lisele tse bonolo:

• Boso ba sefahleho
• Lekhopho la mmele
• Letlalo le makatsang
• Dermatitis e kantle,
• Ho chefo ea morao-rao ea chefo,
• Pemphigus
• Tshepiso ea maikutlo,
• Tinea versicolor
• Alopecia (baldness),
• Photodermatitis.

7.Litla-morao:

• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
• Urticaria,
• Kholo ea Quincke,
• Ho thothomela ha anaphylactic.

8.Tse ling:

• Mofoka
• Matsoalo
• Sepsis (chefo ea mali),
• Arthralgia (bohloko bo kopaneng)
• Myalgia (bohloko ba mesifa),
• Hyperkalemia (potasiamo e ngata maling e ka holimo ho e tloaelehileng),
• Hyponatremia (ho fokotseha hoa boemo ba sodium maling maling ka tlase ho tloaelehileng),
• Hypoglycemia (glucose e tlase ea mali) ho batho ka nako e ts'oanang ba sebelisa insulin kapa lithethefatsi tse ling tsa hypoglycemic,
• Gynecomastia
• Ho kula ha Serum
• Mosebetsi o eketsehang oa li-enzyme tsa sebete (AsAT, AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, jj.),
• Keketseho e eketsehileng ea urea, creatinine le bilirubin maling, hammoho le ESR,
• Hemoglobin e theohile le hematocrit
• Acidosis
• Teko e ntle ea bohata ea ho ba teng ha antigen ea nyutlelie.

Captopril - Analogs

Hajoale, 'marakeng oa meriana oa lapeng, Captopril e na le mefuta e' meli ea li-analogues - tsena ke li-syndms mme, ha e le hantle, li-analogues. Synonyms e kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse nang le ntho e tšoanang e sebetsang le Captopril. Li-analogue li kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse nang le ntho e sebetsang ho fapana le Captopril, empa ke tsa sehlopha sa li-inhibitors tsa ACE, ka hona, li na le pono e ts'oanang ea ts'ebetso ea kalafo.

Ts'oarello le Captopril Meriana e latelang ke:

• Matlapa a Angiopril-25,
• Matlapa a blockordil
• Matlapa a Kapoten.

Captopril analogues ho tsoa sehlopheng sa li-inhibitors tsa ACE ke lithethefatsi tse latelang:

• Lipilisi tsa Acupro
• Matlapa a Amprilan
• Matlapa a arentopres,
• Matlapa a Bagopril
• Burlipril 5, Burlipril 10, matlapa a 20 a Burlipril,
• Wazolong Caps,
• Lipilisi tsa Hypernova,
• Hopten capsules,
• Matlapa a Dapril
• Dilaprel capsules,
• Matlapa a Diropress
• Matlapa a Diroton
• Zokardis 7.5 le Zokardis matlapa a 30,
• Matlapa a Zonixem
• Matlapa a Inhibeys,
• Matlapa a halefileng
• Matlapa a Quadropril
• Matlapa a morao-rao,
• Matlapa a Coverex,
• Matlapa a Corpril
• Matlapa a Lysacard,
• Lysigamma matlapa,
• Lisinopril matlapa,
• Lisinotone matlapa,
• Matlapa a Lysiprex
• Matlapa a Lizonorm,
• Matlapa a Lysoril
• Matlapa a lethathamo
• Matlapa a liten
• Matlapa a Methiapril,
• Matlapa a Monopril
• Matlapa a Moex 7.5 le Moex 15,
• Litafole le lipilisi tsa Parnawel,
• Matlapa a Perindopril
• Matlapa a Perineva le Perineva Ku-tab,
• Matlapa a Perinpress
• Matlapa a Pyramil
• Matlapa a Pyristar,
• Lipilisi tsa bokhachane,
• Matlapa a Prestarium le Prestarium,
• Letlapa la Ramigamma,
• Ramicardia khubalo,
• Matlapa a Ramipril
• Matlapa a Ramepress,
• Matlapa a Renipril
• Matlapa a Renitec
• Matlapa a Rileys-Sanovel,
• Matlapa a Sinopril
• Lipilisi tsa ho emisa,
• Matlapa a tritace,
• Matlapa a Fosicard,
• Matlapa a Fosinap,
• Matlapa a Fosinopril,
• Matlapa a Fosinotec
• Matlapa a Hartil
• Matlapa a Hinapril,
• Matlapa a Ednit
• Matlapa a Enalapril,
• Matlapa a Enam
• Matlapa a Enap le Enap P,
• Matlapa a Enarenal
• Matlapa a Enafarm,
• Lipilisi tsa envas.

Litlhahlobo tse ngata tsa Captopril (tse fetang 85%) li ntle, ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e phahameng ea lithethefatsi ho fokotsa khatello ea mali e phahameng. Litlhahlobo li bonts'a hore lithethefatsi li sebetsa kapele hape hantle li fokotsa khatello, ka tsela eo, li etsa hore ho be le bophelo bo botle. Maikutlo a boetse a bontša hore Captopril ke sethethefatsi se setle sa ho fokotsa khatello ea tšohanyetso e nang le khatello e matla. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa tšebeliso ea nako e telele ho khatello ea mali, Captopril ha se mokhoa oa khetho, hobane e na le litlamorao tse ngata tse sa fumaneheng lithethehong tsa sejoale-joale.

Ho na le litlhahlobo tse fokolang tse mpe ka Captopril 'me hangata li bakoa ke nts'etsopele ea litlamorao tse matla tse ileng tsa qobelloa ho hana ho nka moriana.

Captopril kapa Enalapril?

Captopril le Enalapril ke lithethefatsi tse khahlang, ke hore, ke tsa sehlopha se le seng sa lithethefatsi ebile li na le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang. Sena se bolela hore Captopril le enalapril ka tlase khatello ea mali le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba pelo maemong a sa foleng a pelo. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le phapang lipakeng tsa lithethefatsi.

Taba ea pele, ka matla a lekaneng a khatello ea methapo ea mmele, Enalapril e lekane ho nka hang ka letsatsi, 'me Captopril e tlameha ho tahoa makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka letsatsi ka lebaka la nako e khuts'oane ea ketso. Ntle le moo, enalapril e boloka hantle khatello maemong a tloaelehileng ka tšebeliso ea nako e telele.

Ka hona, re ka fihlela qeto ea hore enalapril ke lithethefatsi tse ratoang haholoanyane bakeng sa tšebeliso ea nako e telele ho boloka khatello ea mali ka har'a litekanyetso tse amohelehang. 'Me Captopril e loketse haholoanyane phokotso ea episodic ea khatello e matla haholo.

Leha ho le joalo, Captopril, ha e bapisoa le Enalapril, e na le phello e ntle boemong ba pelo ho hloleha ha pelo ho sa feleng, ho ntlafatsa bophelo, ho eketsa mamello ea khatello ea maikutlo le tse ling hape, hape e thibela ho bolaoa ke tlhekefetso ea pelo ka tšohanyetso. Ka hona, haeba ho na le lefu la pelo le sa foleng kapa maloetse a mang a pelo, Captopril e tla ba setlama se ratoang.
More ho Enalapril