Clindamycin: litaelo tsa tšebeliso

Moriana o hlahisoa ka mokhoa oa likhase tsa gelatin tse nang le 'mele o pherese le cap cap e khubelu. Li-capsules li na le phofo e tšoeu kapa e mosehla. K'hapete ka 'ngoe e na le karolo ea 150 mg ea motsoako o sebetsang oa clindamycin ka hydrochloride.

Talc, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate le starch ea poone li sebelisoa e le likarolo tse ling.

Melemo ea pharmacological

Clindamycin e na le litlamorao tse fapaneng mme ke bacteriostatic e sitisang ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea liprotheine ho li-microorganisms tsa pathogenic. Karolo e ka sehloohong e sebetsa khahlanong le gram-positive le microaerophilic cocci, hammoho le anaerobic gram-positive bacilli, tse sa hlahiseng spores.

Mefuta e mengata ea clostridia e loantšana le antiotic ena. Ntlheng ena, haeba mokuli a e-na le ts'oaetso e bakoang ke mofuta ona oa khatello, ho khothalletsoa hore pele lithethefatsi tsa lithibela-mafu li qale.

Kamora ho sebelisoa, moriana o kenella hanghang mokokotlong oa mpa. Ho ja ho fokotsa ho monya, empa ha ho ame ho kenella hohle hoa moriana maling. Moriana o na le tšoaetso e sa sebetseng ka mothapo oa mali le bokong ba mali, empa o kenella habonolo linthong tse kang marapo, mathe, mesifa, mokokotlo, maqeba a leqeba, li-fallopian tubes, bronchi, lesapo la mokokotlo le mesifa, sputum, mokelikeli oa methapo ea methapo, methapo ea methapo, tšoelesa ea senya. Ha ho na le ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha manong, ho ata ha lithibela-mafu ka mokhoeng oa mali le bokong ho eketseha.

Tekanyo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea lithethefatsi e bonoa maling maling ka mor'a hora ea ts'ebeliso ea li-capsules. Karolo e ka sehloohong ea lithethefatsi e tsoa 'meleng ka matsatsi a 4 ka thuso ea liphio le mala.

Matšoao a ho sebelisoa

Moriana o fuoa mafu a latelang:

Thibelo ea abscess ea ka mpeng le peritonitis ka mor'a ho phatloha kapa ho lemala ha bowel,
Septicemia
Mafu a tšoaetsanoang a lisele tse bonolo le letlalo (panaritium, abscesses, maqeba a tšoaelitsoeng, taba ea boea), hammoho le molomong oa mpa le ka mpeng (abscess le peritonitis),
Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang a tsamaiso e phahameng ea ho hema le litho tsa ENT (sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media le tonsillitis), sistimi e tlase ea ho hema (pleural empyema, takatso ea pneumonia, bronchitis le abscess matšoafong), diphtheria, feberu e khubelu,
Endocarditis ea mofuta oa baktheria,
Osteomyelitis maemong a sa foleng kapa a bohloko haholo,
Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang a litho tsa tsamaiso ea urogenital (lits'oaetso tsa ts'oaetso ea tubo-ovari, endometritis, chlamydia, mafu a tšoaetsanoang a litho tsa botšehali),
Mafu a tšoaetsanoang a tsamaeang le ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha le a bakoang ke likokoana-hloko tsa pathogenic a amehile ka clindamycin ea lithibela-mafu.

Melemo ea litekanyetso

Likarete ke tsa tsamaiso ea molomo. Hangata e laetsoe ho nka tekanyetso ea 150 mg ka nako ea lihora tse 6 kapa tse 8. Haeba mokuli a tšoeroe ke ts'oaetso e matla, litekanyetso li ka eketsoa ho 300 kapa 450 mg. Ha o fana ka moriana ona ho bana ba khoeli e le 'ngoe, ba tataisoa ke lipalo tsa 8 kapa 25 mg ka kilo ea boima ba' mele. Ka nako ya letsatsi e lokela ho ba 3 kapa 4, tekanyetso.

Bongata

Ha o sebelisa moriana o nooang ka tekanyetso e fetang tekanyetso, a ka 'na a etsa lintho tse fapaneng le tse ling.

Haeba ho na le overdose, kalafo e etsoa e etselitsoe ho hatella matšoao. Re lokela ho hopola hore moriana ona ha o na antiidote, mme dialysis le hemodialysis li ke ke tsa ba le katleho e hlokahalang.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi

Tsamaiso e tsamaellanang ea li-glamicin, streptomycin, aminoglycosides le rifampicin ka bobeli li eketsa katleho ea meriana e kaholimo le clindamycin.

Hammoho le ho hlasimolla mesifa, ho phomola mesifa, ho bakoang ke anticholinergics, ho ka eketseha.

Clindamycin ea lithethefatsi e ke ke ea nkuoa le lithethefatsi tse kang magnesium sulfate, aminophylline, ampicillin, calcium gluconate le barbiturates.

Antagonism e bontšoa kamanong le chloramphenicol le erythromycin.

Ha ho bohlale ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tsena hammoho le lithethefatsi tse kang phenytoin, li-complexes tsa Vitamin B, aminoglycosides.

Ka tšebeliso e tšoanang ea lithethefatsi tse khahlanong le lefu lena, menyetla ea pseudo-membranous colitis ea eketseha.

Tšebeliso e ts'oanang ea li-analgesics tsa narcotic (opioid) li ka eketsa khatello ea maikutlo (esita le pele ho apnea).

Litlamorao

Tšebeliso ea moriana o ka lebisa ponahalong e fapaneng ea karabelo:

Sistimi ea pelo: ho tsekela, ho ikutloa u fokola,
Litho tsa hematopopoietic: thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis,
Sistimi ea tšilo ea lijo: dysbiosis, ho senyeha ha tšebetso ea sebete, esophagitis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, palo e eketsehileng ea bilirubin, jaundice, mathata a dyspeptic,
Lipontšo tsa lefu la ho kula: eosinophilia, urticaria, lipontšo tsa anaphylactoid, dermatitis, pruritus, rash,
Sistimi ea musculoskeletal: phetoho ea phallo ea methapo,
Tse ling: bonohe.

Contraindication

Moriana ha oa lokela ho fanoa maemong a latelang:

Boikutlo bo phahameng ho karolo efe kapa efe ea lithethefatsi,
Lebone
Ho ba teng ha maloetse a fumanehang ka tlhaho,
Asthma e bronchial,
Lilemo tse ka tlase ho lilemo tse 3 (boima ba 'mele oa ngoana ha ea lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 25 kg),
Nako ea kemaro
Ho tsitsipuoa ha ho na le leqeba
Myasthenia gravis

Ho lokela hore ho sebelisoe tlhokomeliso ha ho fanoa ka moriana ona ho bakuli ba tsofetseng, hammoho le ho ba le bothata ba ho hlaphoheloa ke pheko le sebete.

Litaelo tse khethehileng

Pseudomembranous colitis e ka hlaha ka bobeli nakong ea kalafo le kamora ho fela ha kalafo. Litla-morao li bonahala ka mokhoa oa lets'ollo, leukocytosis, feberu le bohloko ka mpeng (maemong a sa tloaelehang, makhopho a na le mucus le mali).

Boemong bo joalo, ho lekane ho hlakola sethethefatsi le ho fana ka li-resine tsa ion-exchange ka mokhoa oa colestipol le colestyramine. Maemong a tebileng a lefu lena, ho hlokahala ho lefa tefo ea tahlehelo ea mokelikeli, liprotheine le li-electrolyte le ho khetha metronidazole le vancomycin.

Nakong ea kalafo, ho hokahanngoa le meriana ho fana ka litlhare tse thibelang hore ho be bonolo ho sebetsa ka mpeng.

Tšireletseho ea tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi Clindamycin liphatlalatsong tsa bana ha e so thehiloe ka botlalo, ka hona, ka kalafo ea nako e telele ho bana, sebopeho sa mali le boemo bo sebetsang ba sebete bo lokela ho beoa leihlo khafetsa.

Ha o sebelisa moriana o nooa ka tekanyetso e phahameng, o hloka ho laola palo ea clindamycin maling.

Bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho se sebetse hantle ha sebete ba lokela ho lekola ho sebetsa ha sebete.

Sokolla foromo le sebopeho

Clindamycin e fumaneha ka mefuta e latelang:

Vaginal cream 2% - ho tloha ho tšoeu ka tranelate e bolila kapa e sootho ho fihlela e tšoeu, e na le lephoka le ikhethileng (20 g le 40 g ka metsong ea aluminium, 1 tube e ngoe le e nang le mokopi).
Li-capsules tsa Gelatin - e nang le cap e khubelu le nyeoe e pherese, boholo No 1, litaba tsa likhabapo ke phofo ho tloha ho 'mala o mosehla ho isa ho o mosoeu ka mebala (li-pcs tse 8..). Metsoako e 5 le e 10 lipaketeng tsa karete).
Tharollo ea entetso (entravenous le intramuscular sindo) - e pepeneneng, e sobile hanyane kapa e se na 'mala (2 ml ho ampoules, 5 ampoules ka lithutsoana, lipakete tse 2 mabokoseng a karete.

Sebopeho sa 100 g ea tranelate ea basali e kenyeletsa:

Lintho tse sebetsang: clindamycin (ka sebopeho sa phosphate) - 2 g,
Likarolo tse thusang: sodium benzoate, macrogol-1500 (polyethylene oxide-1500), oli ea castor, emulsifier No. 1, propylene glycol.

Sebopeho sa 1 capsule se kenyeletsa:

Lintho tse sebetsang: clindamycin (ka sebopeho sa hydrochloride) - 0,15 g,
Lisebelisoa tse thusang: starch ea poone, talc, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate,
Moetso oa sekoaelo sa capule: dae e ntšo ea daemane (E151), dae ea titanium (E171), daorubine da (E122), dae ea quinoline e (E104), ponce dae Ponceau 4R (E124), gelatin,
Sebopeho sa 'mele oa capsule: dae e dae e ntšo (E151), daorubine da (E122), gelatin.

Karolo ea 1 ml ea tharollo ea ente e kenyelletsa:

Ntho e sebetsang: clindamycin (ka sebopeho sa phosphate) - 0,15 g,
Likarolo tse thusang: edetate disodium, benzyl joala, metsi a ente.

Tekanyetso le tsamaiso

Bakeng sa mafu a ho leka-lekana ho boholo ba batho ba baholo le bana ba lilemo tse 15 (ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 50 kapa ho feta), Clindamycin o fuoa 1 capsule (150 mg) makhetlo a 4 ka letsatsi nako le nako. Molemong oa tšoaetso e matla, tekanyetso e le 'ngoe e ka eketsoa ka makhetlo a 2-3.

Bana ba banyenyane hangata ba ngolloa:

Lilemo tse 8-12 (boima - 25-25 lik'hilograma): lefu le boima - makhetlo a 4 ka letsatsi, 1 capsule, e kholo ka letsatsi - 600 mg,
Lilemo tse 12-15 (boima - 40-50 kg): boholo ba lefu lena le makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi bakeng sa botlolo e le 'ngoe, tekanyo e matla ea lefu lena ke makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi bakeng sa likhase tse peli, boholo ka letsatsi ke 900 mg.

Tekanyetso ea batho ba baholo e khothalletsoang bakeng sa tsamaiso ea methapo le methapo e 300 mg makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Molemong oa ts'oaetso ea mafu a tebileng, ho fanoa ka 1.2-2.7 g ka letsatsi, e arotsoe ka liente tsa 3-4. Tsamaiso ea methapo ea methapo ea motsoako o le mong oa li-mg tse fetang 600 ha e khothalletsoe. Tekanyetso e le 'ngoe e phahameng bakeng sa tsamaiso ea methapo ke 1.2 g bakeng sa hora e le' ngoe.

Bakeng sa bana ba lilemo li 3, Clindamycin e beoa ka tekanyo ea 15-25 mg / kg ka letsatsi, e arotsoe ho tsamaiso e lekanang ea 3-4. Molemong oa kalafo ea tšoaetso e matla, lethal dose ea letsatsi le letsatsi e ka eketsoa ho 25-25 mg / kg ka khafetsa ea tšebeliso.

Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le bothata bo matla ba renal le / kapa ho senyeha ha sebete, maemong a ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ka nako e itseng bonyane lihora tse 8, ha ho hlokahale hore ho lokisoe mofuta oa moriana.

Bakeng sa tsamaiso ea methapo, clindamycin e lokela ho hlapolleloa moqoqong o sa phahame ho 6 mg / ml. Tharollo e kenngoa kahare bakeng sa metsotso e 10-60.

Ente ea intravenous ha e khothalletsoe.

E le solvent, o ka sebelisa litharollo: 0,9% sodium chloride le 5% dextrose. Ho theola le nako ea ho kenella ho khothalletsoa ho etsoa ho latela moralo (tekanyetso / bophahamo ba solvent / nako ea infusion):

300 mg / 50 ml / 10 metsotso
600 mg / 100 ml / metsotso e 20
900 mg / 150 ml / 30 metsotso
1200 mg / 200 ml / metsotso e 45.

Vaginal tranelate e sebelisoa kahare. Tekanyetso e le 'ngoe - kopo e le' ngoe ea cream e phethahetseng (5 g), ka ho khetheha pele a robala. Nako ea ts'ebeliso ke matsatsi a 3-7 ka letsatsi.