Marotholi a methyl ethyl pyridinol ke eng?

Ente e hlakile, e se na 'mala kapa e sobile hanyane.

Bahlomphehi: tharollo ea hydrochloric acid 0,1 M - ho fihlela ho pH 2,5-3,5, metsi d / i - hofihlela 1 ml.

1 ml - li-ampoules tsa khalase (5) - lipakete tsa blister (1) - liphutheloana tsa karete.
1 ml - li-ampoules tsa khalase (5) - lipakete tsa blister (2) - liphutheloana tsa karete.
1 ml - li-ampoules tsa khalase (5) - lipakete tsa karete.
1 ml - li-ampoules tsa khalase (10) - lipakete tsa karete.

Ketso ea pharmacological

Angioprotector, e fokotsa ho pepeseha ha lerako la methapo, ke ntho e thibelang lits'ebetso tsa mahala tsa khatello, antihypoxant le antioxidant.

Fokotsa viscosity ea mali le pokello ea liplatelete, e eketsa se ka hare ho cyclic nucleotides (cAMP le cGMP) liphatlalatsong tsa methapo ea mali le mokokotlo, e na le ts'ebetso ea fibrinolytic, e fokotsa ho senyeha ha lebota la vascular le kotsi ea hemorrhage, e phahamisa ho ts'oaroa ha tsona hape. E eketsa likepe tsa coronary, nakong e mpe ea infraction ea myocardial e fokotsa boholo ba sepheo sa necrosis, e ntlafatsa boikemisetso ba pelo le mosebetsi oa tsamaiso ea eona. Ka khatello e phahameng ea mali o na le phello ea hypotensive. A a hlobaetsang le ischemic mathata a ho potoloha ha mali a matsoele a fokotsa botebo ba matsoao a matsoafo, eketsa mesifa ho hanyetsa hypoxia le ischemia.

E na le thepa ea "retinoprotective", e sirelletsang retina ho litlamorao tse senyehang tsa khanya e phahameng, e phahamisa ho ts'oaroa ha methapo ea methapo ea methapo, e ntlafatsa leselinyana la mahlo.

Matšoao a lithethefatsi

E le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng: litlamorao tsa kotsi eaCerebrovascular ea ischemic le hemorrhagic tlhaho, likotsi tsa hlooho, nako ea ts'ebetso ea epi- le hematomas e ka tlase, infarction ea myocardial e matla, thibelo ea reperfusion syndrome, angina pectoris e sa tsitsang.

Subconjunctival and intraocular hemorrhage, angioretinopathy (ho kenyeletsa le lefu la tsoekere), chorioretinal dystrophy (ho kenyeletsa le sebopeho sa atherosselotic), dystrophic keratitis, retinal vascular thrombosis, mathata a myopia, ts'ireletso ea mokokotlo (ha o apere likhalase tsa mahlo) le leihlo la mahlo. leseli le phahameng haholo (laser le boea ba letsatsi, le laser-coagulation), khatello ea maikutlo, ho ruruha le ho chesa hoa makhopho, lefu la mokokotlo (ho kenyelletsa thibelo bathong ba kaholimo ho lilemo tse 40), ts'ebetso ea mahlo laucoma e nang le chachid chachid.

Melemo ea litekanyetso

Ho neurology le lefu la pelo - iv drip (20-25 marotholi / metsotso), 20-30 ml ea tharollo ea 3% (600-900 mg) makhetlo a 1-3 ka letsatsi matsatsi a 5-15 (pejana moriana o ne o kentsoe ka 200 ml ea tharollo ea 0,9% NaCl kapa tharollo ea 5% dextrose. Nako ea kalafo e latela molemong oa lefu lena. Kamora nako, ba fetohela pusong ea methapo - 3-5 ml ea tharollo ea 3% makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi matsatsi a 10-30.

Ho ophthalmology - subconjunctival kapa paraphara, nako e le 1 ka letsatsi kapa ka letsatsi le leng le le leng. Subconjunctival - 0,2-0,5 ml ea tharollo ea 1% (2-5 mg), paramebar - 0.5-1 ml ea tharollo ea 1% (5-1 mg). Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10-30, ho ka khoneha ho pheta thupelo makhetlo a 2-3 ka selemo.

Haeba ho hlokahala, khutlisetsa morao ka 0.5-1 ml ea tharollo ea 1% nako e le ngoe ka matsatsi a 10-15.

Ho sireletsa retina nakong ea ha laser e kopane, (ho kenyelletsa le lithibelo tse fokotsang le tse senyehang tsa tumor) - parabulbar kapa retrobulbar, 0.5-1 ml ea tharollo ea 1% lihora tse 24 le hora e le ngoe pele ho kopanya, ebe - ka tekanyetso e ts'oanang (0.5 ml ka ngoe) Tharollo ea 1%) nako e le 1 ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 2-10.

Lebitso la khoebo

Ka marang-rang a marang-rang, marotholi a mahlo a bitsoa Emoxipin, ka motsoako o ka sehloohong o sebetsang oa methylethylpyridinol (methylethylpiridinol). Khatello ea eona tharollong ke 1%, i.e., 1 ml ea moriana o na le 10 mg ea ntho ea mantlha.

Marotholi a mahlo a fumaneha ka polasetiki, e nang le "dropper", libotlolo tse tlatsitsoeng ka metsi tse hlakileng tse se nang 'mala. Bophahamo ba e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ke 5 kapa 10 ml. Libotlolo li tletse ka lebokoseng la likarete tse nang le litaelo tse qaqileng.

Analog ea marotholi ana ke Emoxy-Optic.

Methylethylpyridinol e fumaneha hape ka ampoules e le 1 ml. Mofuta ona oa lithethefatsi o boetse o sebelisetsoa ho phekola mafu a mahlo mme o ka tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o sa tsamaeang (moleng o ka tlase oa leihlo) kapa ka kotloloho mokokotlong oa leihlo (halofo e tlase ea leihlo la mahlo). Mekhoa ena ea tsamaiso ea lithethefatsi e sebelisoa ho laser coagulation.

Ho latela litaelo, marotholi a mahlo a Emoxipin a ka bolokoa ho 25% C ka lilemo tse peli, mme kamora ho e bula - ha ho feta matsatsi a 30. Sebaka sa polokelo se lokela ho sireletsoa ke khanya ea letsatsi le hore bana ba banyenyane ba se fihle.

Litaelo tsa ho sebelisoa: matšoao le li-contraindication

Li-Emcksipin tsa mahlo li sebelisetsoa ho phekola li-pathologies tse ngata tsa mahlo, ts'ebeliso ea tsona e ka etsahala le ka sepheo sa prophylactic:

• Lefu la tsoekere - complication ea pathology e nang le lefu le lelelele la lefu lena, le hlahisitsoeng ka methapo ea methapo ea mali,
• Glaucoma - ho senyeha ha pono le ho eketseha khafetsa ha khatello ea intraocular,
• Myopia - myopia, ha mahlaseli a khanya a kenang a tsepamisitse mahlo nqa e le 'ngoe ntle le ho fihla ho retina. Ka lebaka leo, motho ha a khetholle lintho ka libaka tse telele,
• Hypermetropia - ho bonela lintho pele, ka lehlakoreng le leng la myopia. Mokuli o bona hole, 'me lintho tse haufinyane li ba le lintlha tse lerootho,
• Ho chesa mahlo - Tšenyo ea khetla ea kantle ka lebaka la ho pepesetsoa ha lik'hemik'hale, mahlaseli a phahameng a t, mahlaseli a kotsi a matla a mocheso.

Bala haholoanyane ka lefu la glaucoma mona.

Methylethylpyridinol ke sesebelisoa se sebetsang sa ho phekola ho ruruha ho arola likarolo tsa kantle tsa mokokotlo, le makhopho a bohloko bo morao le mathata a conjunctivitis.

Morero o tloaelehileng oa tšebeliso o kenyelletsa ho kenya mahlo leihlo le leng le le leng 1 ho theoha makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi. Nako e tloaelehileng ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 3-10. Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka ha u laetsoe ke ngaka, thupelo e ka holisoa ho fihlela khoeli e le 'ngoe. Ho ntlafatsa katleho ea kalafo ho fumanoa ka ho boloka melao e 'maloa e bonolo:

• Hlatsoa matsoho hantle ka sesepa pele le ka mor'a ts'ebetso,
• Pele o sebelisa lerotholi la sefahleho, hlahloba ho bona hore na ho na le likhohlopo qetellong tse ka lematsang mahlo,
• Ha o kenya, u se ke oa ama lerotholi la sefahleho ka leihlo.
• Kamora ts'ebetso, koala lintši, 'me u tlose mongobo leha e le ofe o hlahileng ka lesela le litšila,
• Tlosa lilense tsa khokahano pele u kenngoa ka metsotso e 15. , mme o apare ha ho pejana ho metsotso e 15. kamora ts'ebetso.

U ka bala sengoloa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea mahlo mona.

Nakong ea kalafo, pono e ka fifatsoa, ​​ka hona, batho ba etsang mesebetsi e hlokang tlhokomelo e eketsehileng ba lokela ho phomola.

Contraindication

Lethathamo la li-contraindication tsa Emoxipin le na le lintho tse fokolang, tse nang le lintho tsohle tse amanang le lithibelo tse atileng haholo tse teng hoo e ka bang lithethefatsi tsohle.

Ts'ebeliso ea marotholi a mahlo a methylethylpyridinol boteng ba maemo ana a latelang e thibetsoe:

• Hypersensitivity ho ntho e sebetsang le likarolo tse ling,
• Lilemo tsa mamello tse sa feteng lilemo tse 18
• Linako tsa ho tsoala le ho fepa ngoana.

Tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho nkuoa ho bakuli ba nang le tloaelo ea ho ho kulisa, haholo qalong ea kalafo. Haeba ho na le boemo bofe kapa bofe bo sa thabiseng ka lebaka la mekhoa e mengata, kalafo e lokela ho khaotsa mme ho fuoe boeletsi bo eketsehileng ba bongaka.

Nakong ea kemolo

Nako ea boikoetliso (nako ea boitšisinyo) - e mong oa boikarabello ka ho fetisisa bophelong ba mosali e mong le e mong. Sethethefatsi leha e le sefe ha se ratehe nakong ea kemolo, hobane hangata ho na le monyetla o fokolang oa ho hlahisa litholoana tse mpe ho lesea. Lintho tse ling li bile li na le matla a ho kenella ka har'a placenta.

Ehlile, ha u sebelisa marotholi a mahlo, ho monya hoa systemic ho etsahala ka tekanyo e nyane. Leha ho le joalo, methyl ethyl pyridinol ke sesebelisoa se matla se amang mekhoa e mengata ea metabolic 'meleng.

Thibelo ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi e ipapisitse le ho haelloa ke data e tšepahalang litlamorao tsa ts'ebeliso ea eona, hobane, ka tlhaho, ha ho liteko tse etsoang ho basali baimana. Ka hona, kaha sethethefatsi ke moriana, tšebeliso ea lona bakeng sa kalafo e ka khetho ea ngaka.

Ho senyeha ha kalafo ea macular ea morao-rao - kalafo ka litlhare tsa setso le sethethefatsi se hlalositsoe sehloohong sena.

Bana ba banyane

Mabapi le kalafo ea bana, taeo e beha moeli oa lilemo ho isa ho lilemo tse 18 - pele ho moo, ha ba khothaletsoe ho tšoara bana. Leha ho le joalo, baetsi ba bang ba ntse ba bua ka taba ea hore thibelo ena e boetse e thehiloe ho haelloang ke liphetho tse tšepahalang ts'ebelisong ea lithethefatsi.

Bala haholoanyane ka marotholi a mahlo Dexamethasone sehokela.

Ka ts'ebetso, lingaka tsa bana hangata li khothaletsa Emoxipine esita le ho bana ba sa tsoa hlaha, kaha lithethefatsi tsa bana tse sebetsang bakeng sa li-pathologies tse ling tsa mahlo ha li eo.

Mathata a ka bakoang ke moriana

Maikutlo a bakuli a bontša hore lithethefatsi ka kakaretso li mamelloa hantle. Maemong a sa tloaelehang, maikutlo a sa phutholoheng ka mokhoa oa ho sitisa lintho tse ka etsahalang: ho chesa, ho hlohlona, ​​redness, lacrimation.

Tabeng ea ts'ebeliso e kopaneng le lithethefatsi tse ling, ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa Methylethylpyridinol ho qetela, kamora bonyane metsotso e 15. kamora ho sebelisa moriana oa ho qetela.

Mabapi le marotholi a mahlo Tsiprolet o ngotsoe sengolong.

Joaloka li-analogues tsa lithethefatsi, Emoxy-opic, Emoxipin-AKOS, Emoxibel e ka sebelisoa.

Setlhare sena ke setlhare se sebetsang hantle se ka amang mekhoa e mengata ea metabolic liseleng tsa mahlo. Ka hona, ts'ebeliso ea eona bakeng sa liphekolo tsa kalafo le prophylactic li ka utloahala ho na le li-pathologies tse 'maloa, hammoho le ts'okelo ea kholo ea bona.

Ho sa tsotelehe hore lithethefatsi ke mokhoa oa ho pepesa ka kakaretso, ts'ebeliso ea eona e lokela ho fanoa mme e etsoa feela ka taolo ea setsebi sa mahlo.

Hape bala ka lithethefatsi tse joalo ka marotholi a ciprofloxacin linthong.

Sokolla foromo le sebopeho

Foromo ea litekanyetso - ente: metsi a hlakileng, a se nang 'mala kapa a' mala o moputsoa hanyane, 1 ml e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ka khalase e hlakileng kapa khalase e nang le sehlopha sa HGA1 sa khanyetso ea hydrolysis, ka pakete ea li-ampoule tse 5 kapa tse 10 tse felletseng ka sekhahla se seholo (ha u paka ampoules le leqheka ha lea kenngoa ka lesakaneng kapa sebakeng sa ho phumula) kapa lithaelese tse peli tsa cell cell tse 5 tsa litaelo le litaelo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea Methylethylpyridinol, liphutheloana bakeng sa lipetlele - ka lebokoseng la karete ea likarete tse 4, 5, 10, 50 kapa 100. ho 5 vials.

Sebopeho sa 1 ml ea tharollo:

• ntho e sebetsang: methylethylpyridinol (ka sebopeho sa hydrochloride) - 10 mg,
• likarolo tse thusang: Tharollo ea hydrochloric acid ea 0 M, metsi a ente.

Mofumahali

Methylethylpyridinol ke antioxidant, inhibitor ea litsamaiso tsa mahala tsa radical.

E na le phello e molemo tsamaisong ea methapo ea mali: e fokotsa bongata ba mali, e lelefatsa nako ea ho fetoha ha eona, 'me e sitise ho bokellana ha liplatelete. E tsitsisa membrous ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le lisele tsa mali tsa mali, e eketsa ho hanela ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho hemolysis le ho ts'oenyeha ha methapo.

E eketsa litaba tsa "cyclic nucleotides" liphatlalatsong tse potolohileng (cyclic adenosine monophosphate le cyclic guanosine monophosphate), e fokotsa sekhahla sa leboteng la vascular, e khothaletse ho ts'oaroa ha li-hemorrhages, hape e na le ts'ebetso ea fibrinolytic.

E ntlafatsa maselinyana ka har'a lisele tsa leihlo, ho kenyelletsa le lijana tsa retina. E na le phello ea retinoprotective, e sirelletsa retina ho litlamorao tse senyehang tsa khanya e phahameng.

Matšoao a ho sebelisoa

Methylethylpyridinol e sebelisoa e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng bakeng sa maloetse / maemo a latelang:

• mafu a dystrophic a cornea,
• Li-hemorrhage tsa "intraocular" le "subconjunctival" tse tsoang litsong tse fapaneng.
• bohareng le bo bohareng ba chorioretinal dystrophy,
• angioretinopathy (ho kenyeletsa le lefu la tsoekere),
• angiosclerotic macular degeneration (foromo e ommeng),
• thrombosis ea mothapo o moholo oa mokokotlo oa retina le makala a eona,
• mathata a myopia,
• Sekala sa bobeli se chesoa le likotsi tsa 'mele,
• Ts'oaretso ea choroid nakong ea ts'ebetso kamora ho buuoa bakeng sa glaucoma,
• Tšenyo ea mahlo ka khanya e phahameng (radiation ea laser nakong ea mahlaseli a laser) - kalafo le thibelo.

Methylethylpyridinol, litaelo tsa tšebeliso: mokhoa le litekanyetso

Tharollo ea ente ea Methylethylpyridinol e fanoa ka parabulbarno (s / b) kapa subconjunctival (s / c). Setlhare se sebelisoa e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng.

Melao ea litlhare e khothalletsoang:

• Maloetse a "corne" ea methapo ea methapo ea sefahleho ka nako e le ngoe ka matsatsi a 10-30.
• hemorrhage e tsoang ka hare le e ka hare ea methapo e sa tšoaneng: s / c kapa p / b 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 10-15,
• khubung e khubelu le e poteletseng ea chorioretinal dystrophy, sebopeho se omileng sa angiosselotic macular degeneration: 0.5 ml p / b hang ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 10-15,
• thrombosis ea methapong e kahare ea retina le makala a eona: n / a 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi nakong ea matsatsi a 10-15,
• myopia e rarahaneng: p / b 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 10-30, haeba ho hlokahala makhetlo a 2-3 ka selemo, pheta lithuto,
• likotsi le ho chesoa ke cornea ea degree ea 2: p / b 0.5 ml nako e le 1 ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 10-15,
• Tsamaiso ea choroid nakong ea ts'ebetso kamora ho ts'ebeliso ea kalafo ea glaucoma: s / c kapa p / b, 0.5-1 ml letsatsi le leng le le leng, thupelo ea kalafo e na le liente tse 10,
• ts'ireletso ea morao-rao nakong ea ha u kopana le laser (ho kenyelletsa le ho fokotsa litšila le ho senya): 0.5-1 ml p / b lihora tse 24 le 1 h pele ho coagulation, ebe 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi ka bakeng sa matsatsi a 2-10.

Litlamorao

• Boitšoaro ba lehae: ho chesa, bohloko, hyperemia, ho hlohlona, ​​compaction ea litho tsa litho tsa kahare (ha e hloke kalafo e khethehileng, e ikemetse ka bo eona),
• Lintho tse hapang maikutlo: ho hlohlona, ​​ho hlohlona letlalo, edema, hyperemia,
• ho tsoa tsamaisong ea methapo: ho otsela, ho ruruha ha nakoana,
• ho tsoa ho tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo: lekhopho la letlalo, khatello ea mali e eketsehileng.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi

Methyl ethyl pyridinol ha e sebelisane le lithethefatsi tse ling, ka hona ho thibetsoe ho e kopanya ka syringe e tšoanang le lithethefatsi tse ling.

Li-Analogues tsa Methylethylpyridinol ke: Vixipin, Cardioxypine, Methylethylpyridinol-Eskom, ngaka ea kelello ea Emoxy, Emoksibel, Emoksipin, Emoksipin-AKOS, jj.

Litlhahlobo mabapi le Methylethylpyridinol

Litlhahlobo mabapi le methylethylpyridinol li fokolang, empa li ntle. Setlhare se bontšitse tšebetso e phahameng, ha se theko e tlase.Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka bakuli, ho bonolo haholo ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ka ntho e le 'ngoe e sebetsang ka mokhoa oa marotholi a mahlo.

Methylethylpyridinol hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa maloetse a fapaneng a ophthalmological, hammoho le bakeng sa mathata a potoloha le methapo ea pelo.

Methylethylpyridinol: litheko tsa meriana ea marang-rang

Methylethylpyridinol 10 mg / ml ente bakeng sa 1 ml 10 li-pcs.

Tharollo ea Methylethylpyridinol d / in. 10 mg / ml amp. 1ml №10 ELLARA

Thuto: Univesithi ea Bongaka ea Naha ea Rostov, "Special Medicine" e ikhethang.

Tlhahisoleseling mabapi le lithethefatsi e akaretsoa ka kakaretso, e fanoa molemong oa tlhahisoleseling mme ha e nke sebaka sa litaelo tsa semmuso. Ho ikoetlisa ho kotsi bophelong!

E ne e le tloaelo eo e ruisa 'mele le oksijene. Leha ho le joalo, pono ena e ile ea hlakoloa. Bo-rasaense ba pakile hore ho hahola, motho ho folisa kelello le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea eona.

Motho ea rutehileng ha a tšoaetsoe mafu a kelello. Ts'ebetso ea kelello e kenya letsoho hore ho thehoe lisele tse eketsehileng tsa ho lefella bakuli.

Sebete ke setho se boima haholo 'meleng oa rona. Boima ba hae bo itekanetseng ke 1.5 kg.

Haeba u oa ho tsoa ho esele, ho na le menyetla e mengata ea hore o tla kokota molala ho feta haeba o oa ho tloha ho pere. Feela u se ke ua leka ho hanyetsa polelo ena.

Moahi oa Australia ea lilemo li 74 ea bitsoang James Harrison o ile a fana ka mali makhetlo a ka bang sekete. O na le mofuta oa mali o sa tloaelehang, li-antibodies tsa ona tse thusang masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa a nang le anemia e matla hore a phele. Kahoo, Australia e ile ea pholosa bana ba ka bang limilione tse peli.

Vibrator ea pele e qapiloe lekholong la bo19 la lilemo. O sebelisitse enjene ea mouoane mme o ne a etselitsoe ho phekola letsoalo la basali.

Madi a motho "a" tsamaea "ka har'a lijana tlas'a khatello e kholo, mme haeba bots'epehi ba hae bo tlotsoe, bo ka thunya ho fihlela ho limithara tse 10.

Bo-rasaense ba tsoang Univesithing ea Oxford ba ile ba etsa lipatlisiso, 'me ka nako eo ba fihlela qeto ea hore meroho e ka ba kotsi bokong ba motho, kaha e lebisa ho fokotseha ha boima ba eona. Ka hona, bo-rasaense ba khothaletsa hore ba se ke ba khetholla lihlapi le nama ka botlalo lijong tsa bona.

Ho 5% ea bakuli, "antidepressant clomipramine e baka" orgasm.

Nakong ea bophelo, motho ea tloaelehileng ha a hlahise matamo a maholo a ka tlase ho a mabeli.

Nakong ea ts'ebetso, boko ba rona bo sebelisa matla a lekanang le bulb ea khanya ea li-watt tse 10. Kahoo setšoantšo sa bulb e bobebe ka holim'a hlooho ea hau ka nako ea ho hlaha ha mohopolo o khahlisang ha se hole haholo le 'nete.

Lingaka tsa meno li hlahile haufinyane haholo. Khale koana lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, e ne e le mosebetsi oa moriri o tloaelehileng oa moriri ho ntša meno a kulang.

Lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang "Viagra" li ile tsa qalisoa bakeng sa kalafo ea khatello ea mali ea methapo.

Basali ba bangata ba khona ho natefeloa ke ho nahanisisa ka 'mele oa bona o motle ka seiponeng ho fapana le ho etsa thobalano. Kahoo, basali, loanang ka kutloano.

Pele, lithethefatsi tse ngata li ile tsa rekisoa e le lithethefatsi. Ka mohlala, qalong heroin e ile ea rekisoa e le moriana oa khohlela. Mme cocaine e ile ea khothalletsoa ke lingaka e le mokhoa oa ho ikoetlisa le mokhoa oa ho eketsa mamello.

Polyoxidonium e bua ka lithethefatsi tsa immunomodulatory. E sebetsa likarolong tse ling tsa sesole sa 'mele, ka tsela eo e kenya letsoho kholisong ea.

Mofumahali

Boholo ba phokotso - lilithara tse 5.2. Ho felisoa ha halofo ea bophelo ke metsotso e 18. Tlhahiso e felletseng ke 0,2 l / min. E etselitsoe sebeteng. E hloekisoa ke liphio.

E le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng:

• Hemorrhage tse ling tsa "subconjunctival" le "intraocular"
• Angioretinopathy (ho kenyeletsa le lefu la tsoekere),
• Koketso ea methapo e bohareng le e sa feleng ea chorioretinal dystrophy,
• Thrombosis ea mothapo o moholo oa mokokotlo le makala a eona,
• Mathata a myopia
• Angiosclerotic macular degeneration (foromo e ommeng),
• Ts'oants'o ea choroid nakong ea ts'ebetso ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea bongaka ea glaucoma,
• Maloetse a cornea ea cornea,
• Likotsi, li chesoa ke komello,
• Phekolo le thibelo ea liso tsa mahlo ka khanya e matla (khanya ea letsatsi, mahlaseli a laser nakong ea mahlaseli a laser).

Tekanyetso le tsamaiso

Setlhare se sebelisoa e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng.

Ka li-hemorrhages tsa subconjunctival le intraocular tsa tlhaho tse fapaneng - subconjunctival kapa parabulbar 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10-15.

Le angioretinopathy (ho kenyeletsa le lefu la tsoekere) - parabulbarno 0,5 ml 1 nako ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10.

Ka katiba le bohloeki ba chorioretinal dystrophy, hammoho le antisranceotic macular degeneration (fomu e omileng) - parabulbar 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10-15.

Ka thrombosis ea mothapo o moholo oa methapo ea methapo le makala a eona - parabulbarno 0,5 ml hang ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10-15.

Ka myopia e rarahaneng - parabulbarno 0,5 ml hang ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10-30, ho ka etsahala hore u phete hape makhetlo a 2-3 ka selemo.

Ka ho thibeloa ha choroid ho bakuli ba nang le glaucoma nakong ea ts'ebetso - parabulbar kapa subconjunctival 0.5-1.0 ml hang ka matsatsi a mabeli. Nako ea kalafo ke liente tse 10.

Bakeng sa likotsi le ho chesoa ke cornea ea degree ea 2 - parabulbarno 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke liente tsa 10-15.

Ka mafu a dystrophic a cornea - subconjunctival 0.5 ml hang ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 10-30.

Ho sireletsa retina nakong ea ha laser e kopane, (ho kenyelletsa le ho fokotsa litšila le ho senya), 0.5-1.0 ml ea tharollo ea 1% (5-10 mg) parabulbarly lihora tse 24 le hora e le 1 pele ho coagulation, ebe ho latela tekanyetso e tšoanang. 0.5 ml ea tharollo ea 1%) nako e le 1 ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 2-10.

Bongata

Haeba ho na le lithethefatsi tse ngata tse eketsehileng, ho ka eketsoa le ho teba ha litla-morao tsa lithethefatsi tse tlohang tekong.

Matšoao: khatello e phahameng ea mali, ho ruruha kapa ho otsela, hlooho e bohloko, pelo, mokokotlo, ho hloka thabo tikolohong ea epigastric. Ho ba le mathata a ho tsoa mali.

Phekolo: Ho tlosoa hoa lithethefatsi, kalafo ea matšoao, ha ho na litlhare tse tobileng.

Litaelo tse khethehileng

Phekolo ka methylethylpyridinol e lokela ho etsoa tlas'a taolo ea khatello ea mali le mali coagulation.

Tšusumetso ho bokhoni ba ho khanna makoloi le ho sebetsa ka mekhoa

Ka nts'etsopele ea ho otsela, ho hlokahala hore u hane ho khanna likoloi le mekhoa e meng e tsamaeang, hape u be hlokolosi ha u etsa lintho tse kotsi tse hlokang ho tsepamisa mohopolo le ho potlakisa karabelo ea psychomotor.

Tlhaloso ea sehlahisoa se sebetsang Methylethylpyridinol / Methylaethylpiridinolum.

Foromo C8H11NO, lebitso la lik'hemik'hale: 3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-ethylpyridine hydrochloride.
Sehlopha sa litloholo: hematotropic lithethefatsi / antiplatelet agents, metabolism / antihypoxants le antioxidants, lithethefatsi tsa organotropic / li-cardiovascular agents / angioprotectors le li-microcirculation repaire, lithethefatsi tsa organotropic / ophthalmic.
Ketso ea pharmacological: antihypoxic, antiaggregational, antioxidant, angioprotective, retinoprotective.

Melemo ea pharmacological

Methylethylpyridinol ke angioprotector, antihypoxant le antioxidant, e na le thepa ea retinoprotective. Methylethylpyridinol e thibela ts'ebetso ea mahala ea liphetoho. Methylethylpyridinol e tiisa li-membrane tsa sele. Methylethylpyridinol e ntlafatsa microcirculation. Methyl ethyl pyridinol e fokotsa pokello ea liplatelete le bophahamo ba mali, e fokotsa lenane la ho kopanya ka botlalo, e lelefatsa nako ea ho kopana ha mali, e eketsa litaba tsa cyclic nucleotides (cyclic guanidine monophosphate le cyclic adenosine monophosphate) liseleng tsa boko le liplatelete. Methylethylpyridinol e na le ts'ebetso ea fibrinolytic, e matlafatsa lerako la methapo, e fokotsa ho phahama ha lebota la methapo le kotsi ea hemorrhage, e khothaletsa ho ts'oaroa ha li-hemorrhages. Methylethylpyridinol e tsitsisa lera le tsoang liseleng tse khubelu tsa mali le lisele tsa mali, le eketsa ho hanyetsa ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho hemolysis le ho lemala ha mochini. Methylethylpyridinol e eketsa ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tsa antioxidant, ka katleho e thibela oxidation ea mahala ea lipids ea biomembranes. Methylethylpyridinol e na le phello e khahlanong le tlhaho, e tsitsisa cytochrome P-450. Maemong a feteletseng, a tsamaeang le hypoxia le lipid peroxidation, methylethylpyridinol e ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa bioenergy. Ka kotsi e hlobaetsang ea ischemic cerebrovascular, methylethylpyridinol e fokotsa botebo ba lipontšo tsa methapo, e eketsa ho hanyetsa mesifa le ischemia le hypoxia. Maemong a kotsi eaCerebrovascular (hemorrhagic and ischemic), methylethylpyridinol e kenya letsoho ho ntlafatseng dysfunctions ea autonomic, e ntlafatsa mesebetsi ea mnemonic, hape e thusa ho tsosolosoa ha tšebetso ea boko e kopanyang. Methylethylpyridinol e fokotsa sebopeho sa triglycerides, e na le phello e fokotsang lipid. Methylethylpyridinol e hlapolla methapo ea mali ea pelo, e fokotsa tšenyo ea ischemic myocardium, e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo le mokokotlo oa pelo. Methylethylpyridinol e fokotsa boholo ba sepheo sa necrosis, e potlakisa mekhoa ea ho pheta-pheta, e nolofalletsa metabolism ea mesifa ea pelo ho infarction ea myocardial. Methylethylpyridinol e na le phello e ntle tleleniking ea infarction ea myocardial, e fokotsa liketsahalo tsa ho hloleha ha pelo haholo. Maemong a ho potoloha ho potoloha ha mali, methylethylpyridinol e kenya letsoho ho tsamaiseng tsamaiso ea redox. Ka khatello e phahameng ea mali, methyl ethyl pyridinol e na le phello e matlafatsang. Methylethylpyridinol e sirelletsa retina ho litlamorao tse kotsi tsa khanya e phahameng, e ntlafatsa leqhutsu la mahlo, hape e thusa ho rarolla hemorrhages ea methapo.
Ha methapo ea methapo e kenella ka har'a methapo ea methapo, methylethylpyridinol e kenella ka hare ho litho tsa leihlo, moo e behoang le ho tšeloa metsoako. Khokahano ea methylethylpyridinol liseleng tsa leihlo e phahame ho feta maling. E amana le liprotheine tsa plasma ea mali ka hoo e ka bang 42%. Ka tsamaiso e kenelletseng ea methylethylpyridinol ka tekanyetso ea 10 mg / kg, ho ile ha bonoa halofo ea bophelo (metsotso e 18), e bonts'a tekanyo e phahameng ea ho felisoa ha methylethylpyridinol maling. Ho felisoa khafetsa ke metsotso e 0,041. Methylethylpyridinol e kenella ka potlako liseleng le litho, moo e behoang le ho tšeloa metsoako. Bophahamo bo bonahalang ba karolelano ea methylethylpyridinol ke lilithara tse 5,2. Ho hlakisoa ka botlalo ha methylethylpyridinol ke 214.8 ml / min. Ho fumanoe li-metabolites tse hlano, tse emeloang ke lihlahisoa tsa phetoho ea methylethylpyridinol le dejugated. Methylethylpyridinol e tšeloa ka har'a sebete. Ho fumanoe boholo ba bohlokoa ba 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-phofo. Methyl ethyl pyridinol metabolites e hlahisoa ke liphio. Maemong a pathological, ho etsa mohlala, le coronary occlusion, pharmacokinetics ea methylethylpyridinol e fetoha: sekhahla sa ho chesoa se fokotseha, ka lebaka leo bioavailability ea methylethylpyridinol e eketsehang, nako ea bolulo ea methylethylpyridinol maling e eketseha, e ka bang ka lebaka la ho khutla ha eona ho tloha depoamita.

ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke nakong ea ho hlaphoheloa, lefu le sa foleng la methapo ea pelo, litla-morao tsa ts'ebetso ea methapo ea pelo, litlamorao tsa kotsi ea methapo ea methapo le hemorrhagic le kotsi ea tšebeliso ea lefu la mokokotlo, likotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea boko, nako ea ts'ebeliso ea lefu la hepatoma le bohloko.
Thibelo ea reperfusion syndrome, makhocardial infarction e mpe, a sa tsitsang angina pectoris.
hemorrhage intraocular le subconjunctival hemorrhage, hemorrhages ka kamoreng e ka ntle ea leihlo, hemorrhages ho sclera ho batho ba tsofetseng (ho kenyeletsa le thibelo), angioretinopathy (ho kenyeletsa lefu la tsoekere angioretinopathy), dystrophic keratitis, angiosselotic maculodystrophy (ommeng lema, thrombosis, thrombosis methapo e bohareng ea retina le makala a eona, chorioretinal dystrophy (ho kenyelletsa le chorioretinal dystrophy ea tšimoloho ea methapo ea kutlo), ts'ireletso ea makhopho (ha a apere lilense tse x) le retina hore e se hloekisoe ke khanya e matla haholo (e nang le mahlaseli a laser, ho chesoa ke letsatsi le ho chesa hoa laser), mafu a dystrophic a cornea, mathata a myopia, lefu la mokokotlo (ho kenyelletsa le thibelo ea koluoa ​​bathong ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 40) mabapi le glaucoma e nang le chachide chachid, lits'oaetso tsa ts'ebetso ea mahlo ka mahlong.

Mokhoa oa ts'ebeliso ea methylethylpyridinol le lethal dose

Methylethylpyridinol e tsamaisoa kahare, ka mokhoa o potelletseng, ka subconjunctival, parabulbar, retrobulbar, e kenyelletsa ka har'a cavity ea conjunctival.
Kopanong ea khokahano ea methapo, kenya marotholi a 1 ho isa ho a mabeli (tharollo ea 1%) makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka letsatsi, nako ea phekolo e itšetlehile ka lefu lena mme e ikemiselitsoe ke ngaka (hangata matsatsi a 3 ho isa ho a 30), haeba moriana o mamelletsoe hantle mme ho na le lipontšo, nako ea phekolo e kanna ea e tsoelo-pele ho fihlela likhoeli tse 6 kapa makhetlo a mabeli ho isa ho a 3 ka selemo.
Subconjunctival kapa parabulbar e tsamaisoa hang ka letsatsi kapa ka letsatsi le leng le le leng. 0,2 - 0,5 ml ea tharollo ea 1% (2 - 5 mg) e tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o ikhethileng, 0.5 - 1 ml ea tharollo ea 1% (5 - 10 mg) e tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o hlakileng, nako ea phekolo ke matsatsi a 10 - 30, ho ka khonehang ho pheta ho joalo, haeba ho hlokahala, makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka selemo. Haeba ho hlokahala, rarollo ea 0,5 ho isa ho 1 ml ea tharollo ea 1% e fanoa hang ka letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 10 ho isa ho a 15. Ha laser coagulation (ho kenyelletsa ho senyeha le ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha litubu), ho khutla kapa paramebar ka 0.5 ho isa ho 1 ml ea tharollo ea 1% ka letsatsi le hora e le ngoe pele coagulation e fanoa ho sireletsa retina, ebe 0.5 ml ea 1% tharollo e fanoa hang letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a mabeli ho isa ho a leshome.
Angioretinopathy (ho kenyelletsa le angioretinopathy): 0.5 ml parabulbarno (10 mg / ml methylethylpyridinol tharollo) hang ka letsatsi, thupelo ea phekolo ke matsatsi a 10. Subconjunctival and intraocular hemorrhages ea tlhaho e fapaneng: parabulbarno kapa subconjunctival 0.5 ml (10 mg / ml methylethylpyridinol tharollo) hang ka letsatsi, nako ea phekolo ke matsatsi a 10-15. Central and peripheral chorioretinal dystrophy, angiosulinotic macular degeneration (fomu e omileng): 0.5 ml parabulbarno (tharollo ea methylethylpyridinol 10 mg / ml) hang ka letsatsi, nako ea phekolo ke matsatsi a 10-15. Myopia e rarahaneng: 0.5 ml parabulbarno (tharollo ea methylethylpyridinol 10 mg / ml) hang ka letsatsi, nako ea phekolo ke matsatsi a 10-30, nete e ka phetoa makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka selemo. Thrombosis ea mothapo o moholo oa retina le makala a eona: 0.5 ml parabulbarno (tharollo ea methylethylpyridinol 10 mg / ml) hang ka letsatsi, thupelo ea phekolo ke matsatsi a 10-15. Khethollo ea choroid ho bakuli ba nang le glaucoma nakong ea ts'ebetso: subconjunctival kapa parabulbar 0.5 ho isa ho 1.0 ml (10 mg / ml methylethylpyridinol tharollo) hang ka matsatsi a mabeli, thupelo ea kalafo ke liente tse 10. Maloetse a Dystrophic a cornea: subconjunctival 0.5 ml (10 mg / ml methylethylpyridinol solution) hang ka letsatsi, thupelo ea matsatsi a 10-30. Ho lemala le ho chesoa ke cornea ea degree ea bobeli: 0.5 ml parabulbarno (tharollo ea methylethylpyridinol 10 mg / ml) hang ka letsatsi, thupelo ea lingaka ke liente tsa 10-15.
entetsoa kahare (2040 marotholi ka motsotso), 20-30 ml ea tharollo ea 3% (600-900 mg) makhetlo a 1 ho isa ho a 3 ka letsatsi matsatsi a 5-15, ho latela lipontšo le nete ea lefu lena (pre-dilated le methyl ethyl pyridinol 200 ml ea tharollo ea 5% ea dextrose kapa 0,9% tharollo ea sodium chloride), ebe ba fetohela sindong ea methapo - 3 ho isa ho 5 ml ea tharollo ea 3% makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka letsatsi matsatsi a 10 ho isa ho a 30.
e tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o thellang methapo (20-30 marotholi ka motsotso) ka lethal dose ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 5-10 mg / kg bakeng sa matsatsi a 10-12, ebe o fetohela ente ea methapo ea 2-10 ml (tharollo ka bongata ba 30 mg / ml) (60-300 mg ) Makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 3 ka letsatsi matsatsi a 10 ho isa ho a 30.
Methylethylpyridinol e sebelisoa e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng.
Phekolo ka methyl ethyl pyridinol e tlameha ho etsoa ka tlasa taolo ea methapo ea methapo ea mali le khatello ea mali le khatello ea mali.
Haeba ho hlokahala ho sebelisa methylethylpyridinol ka mokhoa oa marotholi a mahlo le lithethefatsi tse ling ka mokhoa oa marotholi a mahlo, methylethylpyridinol e kenngoa ho qetela kamora ho ts'oaroa ka botlalo ha moriana o fetileng (bonyane metsotso e 15).
Nakong ea phekolo e nang le methyl ethyl pyridinol, haholo-holo boteng ba ho otsela, ho theola khatello ea mali, ho kgothaletswa ho hana ho etsa lintho tse ka bang kotsi tse hlokang ho tsepamisa mohopolo le ho potlakisa karabelo ea psychomotor (ho kenyelletsa le likoloi tsa ho khanna, methapo).

Bokhachane le pelehi

Ts'ebeliso ea methylethylpyridinol e hanyetsanoa nakong ea kemaro le ho lactation, kaha ha ho na lithuto tse lekaneng le tse laoloang hantle tsa polokeho ea methylethylpyridinol nakong ea kemolo le ho lactation. Nakong ea kalafo e nang le methyl ethyl pyridinol, ho anyesa ho lokela ho emisoa.