Lethathamo la mehato ea thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere ho bana, banna le basali

Ho latela lipalo-palo tsa sejoale-joale, hoo e ka bang 6% ea baahi ba lefatše ba na le lefu la tsoekere. Tsena ke lipalo tse nyahamisang, hobane lefu lena ke karolo ea methapo ea mafu a sa phekoleheng. Ntle le moo, litsebi li bolela esale pele keketseho ea palo ea batho ba kulang lilemong tse leshome tse tlang.

Litsebi tsa lefu la tsoekere li tlameha ho tseba! Tsoekere e tloaelehile ho motho e mong le e mong. Ho lekane ho nka likhabapo tse peli letsatsi le leng le le leng pele ho lijo ... Lintlha tse ling >>

Lefu la tsoekere le sebetsana le mohato oa boronse har'a maemo a bophelo ao hangata a lebisang lefung. Lefu lena ke la bobeli feela la tšebetso ea hlahala le ho senyeha ha methapo ea pelo.

Litsebi li khothaletsa batho bohle ho ela hloko boemo ba bona ba bophelo bo botle e le hore ba ka itšireletsa le ho sireletsa baratuoa ba bona kholisong ea bokuli bo boholo. Ho thibela lefu la tsoekere ke eng le ho etsa eng haeba lefu le se le hlahile, ho tšohloa ka sehloohong?

Mofuta oa 1 oa lefu la tsoekere (le itšetlehileng ka insulin)

E khetholloa ke 'nete ea hore li-hormone tsa manyeme li hlahisoa ka bongata bo fokolang kapa ha li entsoe ho hang. Ka lebaka lena, insulin ha e khone ho tsamaisa tsoekere liseleng tsa 'mele, tseo le tsona li fumanang "tlala" e matla. 'Mele o leka ho khutlisetsa chelete molemong o sebelisang mafura, empa ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea metabolism lintho tse nang le chefo (li-ketones) li tšeloa maling, e leng se ka etsang hore o be le komello.

Lisosa tsa kholo ea lefu la 1:

• lefutso
• mafu a tšoaetsanoang
• tšusumetso ea likokoana-hloko
• lintlha tse kathoko tsa kantle
• liphoso tsa matla.

Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere (motho eo e seng insulin)

E hlaha ho 80% ea bakuli bohle ba nang le "lefu le monate". Haeba mofuta o mong oa "psychology" e le tšobotsi ea bana le batho ba baholo, joale foromo ena e ama batho ba lilemo tse ka tlase ho 45-50. Lintho tsa bohlokoa tse bakang lefu la tsoekere tse sa itšetleheng ka insulin ke ho nona ho feta tekano, boima ba 'mele oa methapo, tšusumetso ea khatello ea maikutlo, bophelo ba ho lula fatše.

Glucose ha e kene liseleng tsa 'mele, eseng hobane e haelloa ke insulin, empa hobane e lahleheloa ke kutlo ea eona. Boemo bona bo bitsoa "ho hanyetsa insulin."

Ho ea ka bo-ramahlale, ke botena bo boholo boo e leng eona ntho ea mantlha ntlafatsong ea methapo ea mafu, hobane lithuto tsa tleliniki li netefalitse hore ho lahleheloa ke boima ba boima ba kilo tse esita le tse 6-7 ho ka ntlafatsa tsoelo-pele ea sephetho sa lefu lena.

Melao ea Thibelo

Kamora ho hlakisa lisosa tsa nts'etsopele ea pathology, re ka tswela pele ka potso ea hore na re ka thibela lefu la tsoekere joang ka ho susumetsa mabaka a lona a tlhaho. Motsoako oohle oa mehato ea thibelo e na le lintho tse latelang.

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1:

• thibelo le kalafo ea nakong ea mafu a vaerase,
• tloaelo ea mokhoa oa bophelo
• ho hana ho noa joala le koae.
• khalemelo ea phepo e nepahetseng
• ho shebella tsoekere ea mali kamehla nakong ea tlhahlobo ea bongaka.

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2:

• fokotseha ha lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite lijong,
• boemo bo lekaneng ba ho ikoetlisa
• taolo ea boima ba 'mele
• ho hlahloba khafetsa lipalo tsa glycemic nakong ea tlhahlobo ea bongaka.

Tekano ea metsi a 'mele

Ho thibela lefu la tsoekere ho kenyeletsa le ho lekola palo ea moroallo o fumanoang 'meleng. E le hore karabelo ea acid ea ho se leka-lekane e hlahe ka har'a 'mele oa motho, ntle le lihormone tsa pancreatic, ho hlokahala boemo bo lekaneng ba li-bicarbonate (li tla ka tharollo ea metsi).

Khahlano le semelo sa ho omella, bicarbonate e ntse e tsoela pele ho hlahisoa e le mochine o qobelloang, 'me maemo a insulin a fokotsoe ntlheng ena. Phello ke glycemia e phahameng ea mali le boemo bo tlase ba lintho tse sebetsang tse sebetsang ka li-hormone.

Khetho e fanoa ho metsi a nooang a hloekileng ntle le khase. Bakeng sa ho qoba lefu la tsoekere, haholo-holo haeba e mong oa beng ka eena a tšoeroe ke lefu lena la tsoekere, ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea kofi, tee e matla, lino tse khabisitsoeng ka khabong. Litefiso tse lumelletsoeng tsa joala ke tse latelang:

• bakeng sa banna - ha ho na tse fetang 100 g tsa lino tse tahang tse phahameng (boleng bo phahameng!), khalase e fetang e le 'ngoe ea veine e khubelu e omileng,
• bakeng sa basali - eseng ho feta 50 g ea lino tse tahang tse ngata, eseng tse fetang 150 g tsa veine e khubelu e omileng.

Khetholla biri ho tsoa lijong ka ho felletseng, kaha e baka tsoekere e maling esita le ho motho ea phetseng hantle, re sa bue ka ba ikemiselitseng ho ba le hyperglycemia.

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere ho banna, basali le bana e kenyelletsa mohato oa khalemelo ea lijo tse fapaneng. Melao e 'maloa ea motheo e tla u thusa ho itšireletsa ho lefu la tsoekere le baratuoa ba hau.

Khetho ea lijo-thollo kaofela

Boithuto ba kliniki bo bontšitse hore lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo ka botlalo li fokotsa kotsi ea ho ntšoa ha lefu la tsoekere, ha lihlahisoa tsa lik'habohaedreite, ho fapana le moo, li le eketsa hangata. Lithollo tse felletseng li entsoe ka fiber ea maiketsetso ea lijo - lik'habohaedreite tse tšoanang, empa e le karolo ea "tata".

Li-Saccharides tse rarahaneng li chekeloa nako e telele ka har'a pina ea mala mme ka butle-butle li eketsa tsoekere ea mali ka mor'a ho ja. Hape, lihlahisoa tsena li na le linomoro tse tlase tsa glycemic index, e leng bohlokoa ho e nahana ha u theha menyu.

Lithollo ka botlalo li na le livithamini tse ngata, liminerale, phytochemicals, tse bohlokoa haeba thibelo ea bobeli ea lefu la tsoekere e etsoa. Re bua ka batho ba seng ba na le lefu lena, empa ba ntse ba leka ho thibela tsoelopele ea lona le nts'etsopele ea mathata.

Bohlokoa! Qoba tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse theiloeng ka phofo ea koro e phahameng ka ho fetisisa le ea pele, phofo e tsoang mefuteng e tšoeu ea raese.

Ho hana lino tse monate

Ho hana lino tse tsoekere ho tla thusa ho thibela lefu la tsoekere. Li na le index e phahameng ea glycemic. Ntle le moo, lithuto tsa tleliniki li bontšitse hore litlamorao tse mpe tsa lino tse joalo ke tse latelang:

• boima ba 'mele boa eketseha
• mafu a sa foleng a eketsehile,
• triglycerides le "mpe" cholesterol e eketseha
• kutloelo-bohloko ea lisele le lisele tsa tšebetso ea insulin ea fokotseha.

Ho kenyelletsoa ha mafura a "ntle" lijong

Ha ho tluoa ka mafura a "monate", re bolela sehlopha sa bona sa polyunsaturated. Lintho tsena li fokotsa cholesterol maling, li thusa ho thibela nts'etsopele ea maloetse a pelo le methapo. Mafura a matle a fumaneha ho:

• lihlapi
• linate
• maleatlana
• germ ea oats le koro,
• oli ea limela.

Khetha lihlahisoa tse ling

E le hore u se ke oa kula ka lefu la tsoekere, ka kichineng ea batho ba ikemiselitseng boemo ba lefutso, ho lokela ho ba le memo e nang le lethathamo la lihlahisoa tse lumelletsoeng le tse lokelang ho fokotsoa. Motheo oa phepo ke:

• sopho ea meroho
• mefuta e fokolang ea nama, tlhapi,
• mahe
• lihlahisoa tsa lebese,
• phofo
• meroho le litholoana.

Ho hana kapa ho thibela ts'ebeliso ea tšebeliso ho tla thusa ho qoba lefu la tsoekere:

• nama e mafura le litlhapi,
• lijo tse ka makotikoting
• lihlahisoa tse tsubelletsoeng le tse khaotsoang,
• soseji
• lipompong
• limakasine.

Ho ikoetlisa

Ho ikoetlisa ka ho lekaneng ha ho bohlokoa eseng feela mohato oa ho thibela nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere ho basali le banna, empa hape e sebelisetsoa ho fumana puseletso haeba ho kula. Qalong ea pathology, ho lekane ho lokisa menu ea motho ka mong le ho ikoetlisa ka makhetlo a 'maloa ka beke ho boloka matšoao a glycemia ka har'a meeli e amohelehang.

Papali e eketsa kutloisiso ea lisele le lisele tsa 'mele oa motho ho kenella insulin, e thibela nts'etsopele ea methapo ea pelo le methapo ea mali, e thusa ho fokotsa boima ba' mele, e tlosa cholesterol e "feteletseng" mme e na le phello ea khahlanong le khatello ea maikutlo.

E le hore u se ke oa kula mokhahlelong oa mathomo (haeba lefu le se le hlahile), ho fanoa ka khetho:

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere

Basali baimana le bona ba kula ka lefu la tsoekere. Ke mokhoa o ikhethileng - oa boitšisinyo. Mofuta ona oa lefu o na le mokhoa oa nts'etsopele o tšoanang le mofuta oa 2 oa "methapo" ea mafu. Lisele tsa mosali tse khahlanong le semelo sa ho ba le ngoana li lahleheloa ke kutloisiso ea tsona ea ketso ea li-pancreas.

Ho na le methati e tla thibela ho hlaha ha lefu la tsoekere. E kenyeletsa:

• khalemelo ea phepo e nepahetseng (melao-motheo e tšoana le e hlalositsoeng kaholimo),
• ho ikoetlisa ho sa bohlokoa (kamora ho buisana le ngaka ea mafu a basali),
• ho lekola khafetsa matšoao a glycemia - lapeng o ka sebelisa glucometer, maemong a kantle a nako mosali o nka tlhahlobo e akaretsang, tlhahlobo ea tsoekere, biochemistry le tlhahlobo ea mamello ea glucose,
• khoeli le khoeli, le ho boraro trimester, taolo ea beke le beke ea boima ba mmele,
• Qoba ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse eketsang ho hanyetsa insulin (lihormone tsa cortex tsa adrenal, nicotinic acid).

Ho na le maikutlo a hore ho ka khoneha ho thibela nts'etsopele ea lefu lena ka litlhare tsa setso. Re bua ka ho kenyelletsoa ha ho ja lijo tsa litlama, infusions le li-decoctions tse thehiloeng ho lijalo tse bolokang boleng ba glucose bo tloaelehileng. Maikutlo a habeli, kaha liketsahalo tse joalo ha li thuse bohle.

Lefu la tsoekere ke eng

Medical terminology ea lefu la tsoekere mellitus e bua ka tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso ea pancreatic, moo e ke keng ea hlahisa insulin e lekaneng. Ntho ena e hlokahala bakeng sa ho kenella ha tsoekere le tsoekere ho tsoa ho lihlahisoa tsa lijo ka liseleng. Tsena li ke ke tsa phela ntle le lik'habohaedreite - ona ke mohloli oa lijo le matla a tsona. Ntle le insulin, tsoekere e tsamaisoa hohle 'meleng, maling a eona aa phahama,' me metabolism ea hemoglobin e tšoenyeha.

Ntle le ho kenella ka seleng, tsoekere e sebetsana le lisele tse sa itšetlehang ka insulin. Tsena li kenyelletsa bokong, lisele tsa methapo le pheletso. Ka tsoekere e ngata, ba e amohela kaofela, e baka ho senyeha boemong ba motho. Lisosa tsa lefu la tsoekere li bitsoa:

• lefutso - lefu la mofuta oa pele le futsitsoe ka kotsi ea ho fihla ho 7% ho tsoa ho mme le 10% ho ntate, ka lefu la bobeli, kotsi ke 70%, ea mofuta oa bobeli - 80% mahlakoreng ka bobeli le 100% ka lefu la batsoali ka bobeli,
• botenya - haeba lenane la boima ba 'mele oa motho le feta 30, mme letheka le le kaholimo ho 88 cm ho basali le 102 cm ho banna, ho na le kotsi ea bokuli,
• mafu a pancreatic (pancreatitis) ho baka tsoekere,
• tšoaetso ea vaerase - menyetla ea lefu lena e ka eketsoa ke rubella e fetisitsoeng, "fungpox", lefu la seoa ho batho ba batso ba nang le lefutso le futsanehileng,
• Matšoenyeho, ho lula u lutse fatše, ho ja lijo tse se nang phepo e ntle, le ho se tsamaee ka moea o mocha ho ka qholotsa nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere.

Lingaka li khetholla mefuta e 'meli ea lefu la tsoekere, e fapaneng ka mokhoa oa ketsahalo le mofuta oa kalafo:

1. Oa pele, kapa ea itšetlehileng ka insulin, o iponahatsa a le lilemong life kapa life, esita le ho bana. E na le ts'enyeho ea lisele tsa pancreatic, tse lebisang ho khaello ea insulin e felletseng. E tšoaroa feela ka liente tsa insulin tlasa letlalo.
2. Ea bobeli, kapa e sa itšetleheng ka insulin, e qala ho theosa le lilemo, e fumanoa ho batho ba baholo. Ho haella ha insulin ho amana le - insulin e hlahisoa, empa li-receptors tsa sele li lahleheloa ke kutlo ea eona ho eona, e lebisang ho metabolism ea carbohydrate e senyehileng. Sesosa se bitsoa ho nona haholo, kalafo e na le ho nka lipilisi tse theolang tsoekere, ho ja le ho phela hantle.

Lingaka li bitsa matšoao a pele a lefu la tsoekere la mellitus, boima ba hlooho, ho tsepamisa maikutlo le pono. Hamorao ba ekelitsoe:

• lenyora le matla, le sa feleng
• khafetsa ho ntša
• ho omella
• maikutlo a matla a tlala
• mokhathala
• bofokoli ba mesifa
• ho hlohlona le ho choachoasela letlalong,
• ho se sebetse hantle ka thobalano
• ho tsekela
• botšehali le ho luma ha maoto le matsoho,
• pholiso e liehang ea tšoaetso
• spasms,
• monko oa acetone e tsoang molomong.

Tsela ea ho Qoba Lefu la Tsoekere

Ho latela mofuta oa bokuli (oa pele kapa oa bobeli), thibelo ea oona e teng. Ho na le litlhahiso mabapi le mokhoa oa ho itšireletsa ho lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1:

• ela hloko tlhahlobo ea tsamaiso ea endocrine,
• qoba rubella, mumps, flu, herpes
• anyesa ngoana ho fihlela selemo le halofo,
• qoba khatello ea kelello ka tekanyo efe kapa efe
• kantle ho lijong tsa lijo tse nang le maiketsetso a maiketsetso, lijo tse ka makotikoting.

Bakeng sa thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa bobeli, kapa o sa itšetleheng ka insulin, ho na le mehato:

• hlahloba litekanyetso tsa tsoekere ea mali khafetsa - lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo ka mor'a lilemo tse 45,
• boima ba taolo
• Ho ikoetlisa letsatsi le letsatsi ho boloka molumo oa 'mele,
• Tlosa tse mafura, tse halikiloeng, tse nokiloeng ka lijo tse halikiloeng, lipompong tse tsoang lijong,
• ja makhetlo a 4-5 ka letsatsi, hlafuna lijo hantle.

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere

Ho latela lilemo tsa bona, lingaka li boetse li supa mehato ea ho thibela lefu la tsoekere. Ho thibela bokuli ba bongoana, o tlameha ho:

• sireletsa ngoana mafu a tšoaetsanoang,
• tlosa khatello ea maikutlo - lihlapa, lipuisano tse mabifi ka ngoana,
• hlokomela phepo e nepahetseng,
• sefuba ka nako e telele kamoo ho ka khonehang.

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere la basali e fapana le lefu la tsoekere la monna ka lebaka la phapang ea lihormone. U hloka ho etsa tse latelang:

• hlokomela nalane ea nalane ea lihormone ka endocrinologist le gynecologist,
• laola boima ba 'mele, nka liteko ka nako,
• qoba khatello ea maikutlo nakong ea kemolo e le hore u se ke ua fumana lefu la tsoekere.

Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere ho banna ha e fapane haholo le ea basali, empa ho na le likhothaletso tse akaretsang:

• bona ngaka bakeng sa matšoao a lefu la tsoekere,
• kena lipapaling ho tlosa boima bo feteletseng,
• laola lijo, empa u se ke ua tlohela tsoekere ho hang.

U lokela ho nahana ka thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere neng?

Ke lintlha life tse ka bonts'ang hore motho o tloaetse ho hola lefu lee le kotsi? Ea pele ke botenya esita le tloaelo ea ho ba motenya.

Fumana hore na u na le bothata ba lefu la tsoekere

Ho fumana hore na liparamente tsa hau li lekana hakae mokokotlong o tloaelehileng, o hloka ho lekanya letheka le thekeng, ebe o arola palo ea sephetho sa pele ho ea bobeli (OT / V). Haeba index e kholo ho feta 0,95 (bakeng sa banna) kapa 0.85 (bakeng sa basali), sena se bontša hore motho o kotsing.

Fumana hore na o kotsing

Ntle le moo, tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefuoa ho ba kileng ba ba le lefu la tsoekere ka lelapeng, hammoho le basali ba ileng ba fumana boima bo bongata nakong ea kemaro mme ba beleha ngoana ea nang le boima bo fetang ligrama tse nne. Le haeba boima bo khutlile bo tloaelehileng kamora ho beleha, menyetla ea ho ba le lefu lena e lula e le lilemo tse 10, 'me ka linako tse ling e le lilemo tse 20.

Masea a maholo a kotsing ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere

Phepo e nepahetseng e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho thibela lefu la tsoekere. Batho ba nang le tloaelo ea ho nona haholo ha baa lokela ho lapa (tlala e eketsa boemo ba insulin maling), 'me ka nako e tšoanang ba je lijo tse nyane bonyane makhetlo a 5 ka letsatsi.

Lijo, phepo e matlafatsang ho fihlela makhetlo a 5 ka letsatsi

Ha e le lihlahisoa, li lokela ho aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 3: ea pele ho tla ba le tse tlosoang hantle lijong tsa hau ka botlalo, ho sa bobeli ho tla ba le tse lokelang ho jeoa ka bongata bo nyane (halofo ea ho tloaelehileng ea ho sebeletsa) 'me qetellong, lihlahisoa li lumelletsoe ho sebelisa ka bongata bo sa lekanngoeng.

Ho tseba ka nepo palo e hlokahalang ea lintho tse itseng lijong tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, o ka sebelisa molao o bitsoang "plate division". Ka mantsoe a mang, halofo ea sejo se seng le se seng e lokela ho ba meroho, 1/3 - mafura le 1/3 - liprotheine. Lijo tsa mantsiboea ha ea lokela ho ba kamora nako ea lihora tse peli pele ho robala, 'me ha ea lokela ho fana ka 20% ea lijo tsa khalori tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.

Ho ja hantle joang

Ho bohlokoa hape ho hopola hore sehlahisoa se seng le se seng se na le index ea eona ea glycemic - e bontša hore na lik'habohaedreite tse potlakileng hakae, ha li robehile, li kena maling a motho mme li fetoha glucose.

Index ea Sehlahisoa sa Glycemic

Lenane la Glycemic - letheka

GI e phahameng e bolela hore sehlahisoa sena se na le lik'habohaedreite tse bonolo ("tse mpe"), mme se tlase se supa boteng ba lik'habohaedreite tse "ntle". Mohlala, bakeng sa bohobe bo tšoeu, li-fries tsa french, mahe a linotsi, phofo ea koro, GI e tsoa ho 95 ho isa ho 100, mme index ea tlase - 10-20 - bakeng sa meroho le litholoana (broccoli, Brussels ea hlaha, eiee, lemone, tamati, jj) .

Tekanyo ea metsi

Ntlha e ngoe ea bohlokoa ke ho boloka tekanyo ea metsi 'meleng. Taba ke hore, ntle le lihormone tse kholo, manyeme a hlahisa li-ion tsa bicarbonate, tse etselitsoeng ho koenya acid. Ka lebaka leo, nakong ea ho omella, 'mele o qala ho hlahisa ntho ena ka matla, ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea insulin. Ntle le moo, ts'ebetso e rarahaneng ea ho phatloha ha tsoekere, e leng lijo tse ka sehloohong bakeng sa lisele tsa 'mele kaofela, ha e hloke insulin e lekaneng feela, empa le palo e itseng ea metsi.

Melao ea metsi a nooang

Ho boloka tekano e tloaelehileng ea metsi, ho hlokahala hore u noe likhalase tse peli tsa metsi a hloekileng a ntseng a hloekile hoseng le pele ho lijo tsohle (ona ke bonyane ba motho ka mong). Re lokela ho hopola hore ha ho kgothaletswe ka matla ho nkela metsi a tloaelehileng ka tee le lino, mme haholo le kofi kapa lino tse nang le khabone - ka kakaretso ho molemo ho tlosa tse ling lijong le lijo tse thibetsoeng.

Kofi, lero le soda li ke ke tsa nkela metsi sebaka