Phekolo ea khatello ea mali ka mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere: matlapa, matšoao

Hypertension - khatello e phahameng ea mali. Khatello ea mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 e hloka ho bolokoa ho 130/85 mm Hg. Art. Litefiso tse phahameng li eketsa monyetla oa ho otloa ke lefu la sethoathoa (makhetlo a 3-4), ho nyekeloa ke pelo (makhetlo a 3-5), bofofu (makhetlo a 10-20), ho se sebetse hantle ha (makhetlo a 20-25), gangrene ka ho pongoa ka morao (makhetlo a 20). Ho qoba mathata a joalo a makatsang, litlamorao tsa ona, o hloka ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse matlafatsang tsa lefu la tsoekere.

Hypertension: lisosa, mefuta, likarolo

Ke eng e kopanyang lefu la tsoekere le khatello? E kopanya tšenyo ea setho: mokokotlo oa pelo, liphio, methapo ea mali le mokokotlo oa leihlo. Phekolo ea lefu la tsoekere hangata e ba eona ntho e ka sehloohong, pele ho lefu lena.

Mefuta ea Hypertension	Monyetla	Mabaka
Bohlokoa (ba mantlha)	ho fihla ho 35%	Lebaka ha lea thehoa
Isstated systolic	ho fihla ho 45%	Ho fokotseha ha methapo ea methapo, khatello ea methapo
Nephropathy ea lefu la tsoekere	ho fihla ho 20%	Ho senyeha ho likepe tsa renal, sclerotization ea bona, nts'etsopele ea ho se sebetse hantle ha renal
Lenaneo	ho fihla ho 10%	Pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, polycitosis, lefu la tsoekere lephropathy
Endocrine	ho fihla ho 3%	Endocrine pathologies: pheochromocytoma, hyperaldosteronism ea mantlha, lefu la eona la Itsenko-Cushing

ho litaba tse kahare ↑

Litšobotsi tsa khatello ea mali ho batho ba lefu la tsoekere

Lerumo la khatello ea mali le robehile - ha matšoao a ho lekanya bosiu a phahame ho feta motšeare. Lebaka ke neuropathy.
Bokhabane ba mosebetsi o kopanetsoeng oa tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo bo a fetoha: Molao oa molumo oa methapo ea mali o oa khathatseha.
Mofuta oa orthostatic oa hypotension o hlaha - khatello e tlase ea mali ho lefu la tsoekere. Ho phahama ho hoholo ha motho ho baka tlhaselo ea khatello ea maikutlo, ho fifala mahlo, bofokoli, ho akheha hoa hlaha.

ho litaba tse kahare ↑

Phekolo e lokela ho qala ka matlapa a diuretic (diuretics). Li-diuretics tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa lenane la 2 lefu la tsoekere 1

E matla	Katleho ea Matla a Mahareng	Li-diuretics tse fokolang
Furosemide, Mannitol, Lasix	Hypothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Clopamide	Dichlorfenamide, Diacarb
E abetsoe ho imolla edema e matla, lefu la khoele	Lithethefatsi tse sebetsang nako e telele	E abetsoe mochining oa phepelo ea tlhokomelo.
Ka potlako li tlosa mokelikeli o eketsehileng 'meleng, empa li na le litlamorao tse ngata. Li sebelisoa bakeng sa nakoana ho li-pathologies tse matla.	Ketso e bonolo, ho tlosoa ha li-hypostase	E ntlafatsa tšebetso ea li-diuretics tse ling

Bohlokoa: Diuretics e senya botsitso ba electrolyte. Ba tlosa letsoai la boselamose, sodium, potasiamo ho tsoa 'meleng, kahoo Triamteren, Spironolactone ba laetsoe ho khutlisa botsitso ba electrolyte. Li-diuretics tsohle li amoheloa feela ka mabaka a bongaka.

Li-antihypertensive lithethefatsi: lihlopha

Khetho ea lithethefatsi ke litokelo tsa lingaka, ho ikalafa ho kotsi bophelong le bophelong. Ha u khetha meriana bakeng sa khatello ea lefu la tsoekere le lithethefatsi bakeng sa kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, lingaka li tataisoa ke boemo ba mokuli, litšobotsi tsa lithethefatsi, phapanyetsano, 'me li khetha mefuta e sireletsehileng bakeng sa mokuli ea itseng.

Lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive ho ea ka pharmacokinetics li ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse hlano.

Type 2 lipilisi tsa khatello ea lefu la tsoekere 2

Sehlopha	Ketso ea pharmacological	Litokisetso
Li-blocker tsa Beta tse nang le ketso ea vasodilating	lithethefatsi tse thibelang ketso ea li-receptor tsa beta-adrenergic tsa pelo, methapo ea mali le litho tse ling.	Nebivolol, Atenolol Corvitol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol

Bohlokoa: Litafole tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali - Beta-blockers tse nang le phello ea vasodilating - lithethefatsi tsa sejoale-joale tse sireletsehileng ka ho fetisisa - tse eketsang methapo e nyane ea mali, li na le phello e ntle ho metabolism ea carbohydrate-lipid.

Ka kopo hlokomela: Bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore lipilisi tse sireletsehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa khatello ea mali ho lefu la tsoekere, lefu la tsoekere le sa itšetleheng ka insulin ke Nebivolol, Carvedilol. Matlapa a setseng a sehlopha sa beta-blocker a nkoa a le kotsi, a sa lumellane le bokuli bo ka tlase.

Bohlokoa: Beta-blockers e pata matšoao a hypoglycemia, ka hona, e lokela ho fanoa le tlhokomelo e kholo.

Lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive tsa lenane la tsoekere la mofuta oa 3

Sehlopha	Ketso ea pharmacological	Litokisetso
Alpha blockers khetha	Fokotsa tšenyo ea likhoele tsa methapo le lipheletso tsa tsona. Li na le thepa ea hypotensive, vasodilating, antispasmodic.

Doxazosin

Bohlokoa: Li-blocker tsa alpha tse ikhethileng li na le "phello ea tekanyetso ea pele." Pilisi ea pele e oa oa orthostatic - ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha methapo ea mali, ho phahama ho matla ho baka phallo ea mali ho tloha hloohong ho theoha. Motho o lahleheloa ke kelello 'me a ka lemala.

Lithethefatsi bakeng sa kalafo ea khatello ea mali o mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere la mellitus 4

Sehlopha	Ketso ea pharmacological	Litokisetso
Likhohlano tsa calcium	Fokotsa ho kenella ha ion ea calcium kahare ho li-cardomycetes, mesifa ea mesifa ea methapo ea methapo, e fokotsa sekhahla sa bona, e fokotsa khatello. E ntlafatsa phallo ea mali ho ea mesifa ea pelo	Nifedipine, felodipine,
Direct renin inhibitor	E fokotsa khatello, e sirelletsang liphio. Moriana ha o so ithute ka ho lekana.	Rasilez

Lipilisi tsa ambulense tsa ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali ka tšohanyetso: Andipal, Captopril, Nifedipine, Clonidine, Anaprilin. Ketso e nka lihora tse 6.

Matlapa a khatello ea mali a mangata lenaneng la 2 lefu la tsoekere

Sehlopha	Ketso ea pharmacological	Litokisetso
Angiotensitive Receptor antagonists	Li na le litla-morao tse tlase haholo, li fokotsa menyetla ea ho otloa ke lefu la pelo, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho se sebetse hantle ha rebo	Losartan, Valsartan, Telmisartan

Angiotensin E Fetola Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE)Fokotsa khatello, fokotsa mojaro myocardium, o thibela nts'etsopele ea methapo ea peloCaptopril, Enalapril, Ramipril, Fosinopril, Thrandolapril, Berlipril

Likhatello tse fokotsang khatello ea mali ha li felle lenaneng lena feela. Lethathamo la lithethefatsi le lula le ntlafatsoa khafetsa ka tsoelo-pele e ncha, ea sejoale-joale.

Victoria K., 42, moqapi.

Ke se ke bile le lefu la khatello ea mali le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 lilemo tse peli. Ha kea ka ka noa lipilisi, ke ile ka phekoloa ka litlama, empa ha li sa thusa. Seo u lokelang ho se etsa Motsoalle o re u ka tlosa khatello e phahameng ea mali haeba u nka bisaprolol. Ke lipilisi life tsa khatello tse molemo ho feta ho nooa? Seo u lokelang ho se etsa

Victor Podporin, setsebi sa endocrinologist.

Mohlomphehi Victoria, nke ke ka u eletsa hore u mamele kharebe ea hau. Ntle le lengolo la ngaka, ho khothaletsoa ho sebelisa litlhare. Khatello e phahameng ea mali ho lefu la tsoekere e na le etiology (lisosa) mme e hloka mokhoa o fapaneng oa kalafo. Moriana oa khatello ea mali o phahameng o laetsoe ke ngaka feela.

Litlhare tsa folks li baka khatello ea mali

Hypertension ea methapo ea kutlo e baka tlolo ea metabolism ea lik'habohaedreite maemong a 50-70% a linyeoe. Ho 40% ea bakuli, khatello ea methapo ea kutlo e tsoala mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere. Lebaka ke ho hanyetsa insulin - ho hanyetsa insulin. Lefu la tsoekere le khatello ea kelello li hloka kalafo hanghang.

Phekolo ea khatello ea mali le meriana ea setso bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere e lokela ho qala ka ho boloka melao ea mokhoa oa bophelo bo botle: boloka boima ba 'mele, emisa ho tsuba, noang joala, fokotsa ho ja letsoai le lijo tse kotsi.

Litlhare bakeng sa ho fokotsa khatello ea lenane la 2 lefu la tsoekere:

Decoction ea koena, sage, chamomile	Fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo e bakoang ke khatello ea maikutlo
Meroho e sa tsoa khuoa ea likomkomere, beet, tamati	E fokotsa khatello, e ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ka kakaretso
Litholoana tse ncha tsa hawthorn (kamora ho ja 50-100 g ea litholoana makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi)	Fokotsa khatello ea mali le glucose ea mali
Makhasi a Birch, litholoana tsa lingonberry, fragole, blueberries, peo ea folaxe, motso oa valerian, koena, mamawort, setlhare sa lemone	E sebelisoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea li-decoctions kapa infusions e khothalletsoang ke endocrinologist

Phekolo ea khatello ea mali le meriana ea setso bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere ha e sebetse kamehla, ka hona, hammoho le meriana ea litlama, o hloka ho sebelisa meriana. Litlhare tsa folks li lokela ho sebelisoa ka hloko haholo, kamora ho buisana le setsebi sa endocrinologist.

Tloaelo ea Nutle kapa Lijo tse Nepahetseng

Lijo tse amanang le khatello ea mali le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 li etselitsoe ho theola khatello ea mali le ho nolofatsa boemo ba tsoekere ea mali. Nutle ea khatello ea mali le mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere e lokela ho lumellanoa le endocrinologist le setsebi sa phepo.

Lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng (tekanyo e nepahetseng le tekanyo) ea liprotheine, lik'habohaedreite, mafura.
Low-carb, e nang le livithamini tse ngata, potasiamo, le magnesium, e batla e le lijo.
Ho nooa ho feta 5 g ea letsoai ka letsatsi.
Palo e lekaneng ea meroho le litholoana tse ncha.
Lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng (bonyane makhetlo a 4-5 ka letsatsi).
Ho tsamaellana le phepelo ea lijo No. 9 kapa No. 10.

ho litaba tse kahare ↑

Qeto

Meriana ea khatello ea mali e emetse ka bongata 'marakeng oa meriana. Lithethefatsi tsa mantlha, li-generics tsa melaoana e fapaneng ea litheko li na le melemo ea tsona, matšoao le litlolo. Lefu la tsoekere le khatello ea methapo ea methapo ea kutlo le motho e mong le e mong li hloka kalafo e khethehileng. Ka hona, ho hang ha ua lokela ho inahanela. Ke mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho phekola lefu la tsoekere le khatello ea mali, ho khethoa ke setsebi sa endocrinologist le pelo ke sona se tla lebisa sephethong se lakatsehang. Eba bophelo bo botle!