Lipilisi tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa ho fokotsa cholesterol: lenane le theko

Cholesterol - Ke joala le mafura, motsoako oa organic o fumanoang ka har'a lisele tsa lintho tse phelang.

Hangata ho sebelisoa likhopolo tse peli - k'holeseterolele k'holeseterole. Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa tse peli? Ha e le hantle, lena ke lebitso la ntho e le 'ngoe, ho lingoliloeng tsa bongaka feela ho thoe "k'holeseterole"Ho tloha pheletsong"ol"E bontša kamano ea eona le li-alcohols. Ntho ena e na le boikarabello ba ho fana ka matla. li-membrane tsa sele.

Empa haeba boemo ba cholesterol 'meleng bo phahame, sebopeho sa cholesterol se kena maboteng a likepe, moo, ho petsoha, ho hlahisang tikoloho e ntle bakeng sa ho theha mali. Litlhapi li nyenyefatsa leseli la sekepe.

Ka hona, kamora tlhahlobo ea k'holeseterole, ngaka, ha ho hlokahala, e etsa qeto ea ho etsa ka cholesterol e phahameng. Haeba qeto ea tlhahlobo ea cholesterol e bontša litheko tsa eona tse phahameng, hangata setsebi se fana ka litlhare tse turang - li-statins, tse etselitsoeng ho thibela mafu a tsamaiso ea pelo le pelo. Ho bohlokoa hore ngaka e hlalose hore kamora ho khethoa, mokuli o hloka ho noa litafole tse joalo kamehla, joalo ka ha ho laetsoe ke litaelo tsa ho li sebelisa.

Empa lithethefatsi tsa anticholesterol li na le litla-morao tse itseng, tseo lingaka li lokelang ho lemosa bakuli ka tsona, li ba hlalosetsa ho noa lipilisi hantle.

Ka hona, motho e mong le e mong ea nang le maemo a phahameng a cholesterol o tlameha ho etsa qeto ea ho nka lithethefatsi tse joalo.

Hajoale ho fanoa ka lihlopha tse peli tse ka sehloohong tsa lithethefatsi tsa cholesterol: li-statinsle fibrate. Ntle le moo, litsebi li khothaletsa hore bakuli ba je Lipoic acid le Omega 3. Tse latelang ke lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho theola cholesterol. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebeliso ea bona e eletsoa feela kamora tlhahlobo le ho khethoa ke ngaka.

Boemo ba ho theola cholesterol

Pele o nka lithethefatsi tse joalo, o hloka ho tseba hore na li "statins" ke eng, melemo le likotsi tsa lithethefatsi tse joalo. Lipalo-palo ke lik'hemik'hale tse fokotsang tlhahiso ea mmele Li-enzymee hlokehang bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea motsoako oa cholesterol.

Litaelong tsa lithethefatsi tse joalo, o ka bala tse latelang:

• Fokotsa cholesterol ea plasma ka lebaka la thibelo HMG-CoA reductasehammoho le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea k'holeseterole e ka har'a sebete.
• Fokotsa boemo ba cholesterol bathong ba mahlomoleng homozygous Familia hypercholesterolemia, e sa phekoleheng ka litlhare tse nang le lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid.
• Mokhoa oa bona oa ts'ebetso o lumella ho fokotsa sekhahla sa cholesterol ka 30-45%, e "kotsi" - ka 40-60%.
• Ha o nka li-statins HDL k'holeseterole le apolipoprotein Atsoha.
• Lithethefatsi li fokotsa monyetla oa mathata a ischemic ke 15%, haholoholo, ho latela sephetho sa litsebi tsa pelo, kotsi angina pectorisle myocardial infarctione fokotseha ka 25%.
• Ha ho na litlamorao tsa mutagenic le carcinogenic.

Litlamorao

Kamora ho nka, ho na le litlamorao tse ngata tse mpe:

• Litlamorao tse tloaelehileng: asthenia, ho hloka boroko, hlooho e bohloko, ho sokela, ho nyekeloabohloko ba ka mpeng lets'ollo, myalgia, botlaela.
• Sistimi ea lijo: lets'ollo, ho hlatsa, lefu la sebete, pancreatitischolestatic jaundice anorexia.
• Tsamaiso ea methapo: ho tsekela, amnesia, hypesthesia, malaise, paresthesia, peripheral neuropathy.
• Liponahatso tsa lintho tse bohloko: lepotlapotla le letlalo la letlalo le boreleli, urticaria, anaphylaxis, erythema e hlasimollang, lefu la Lyell.
• Sistimi ea musculoskeletal: bohloko ba morao myositis, cramps, ramatiki, myopathy.
• Sebopeho sa mali: thrombocytopenia.
• Mekhoa ea metabolic: hypoglycemia, lefu la tsoekereboima ba 'mele botenya, ho hloka matlaedema ea peripheral.
• Pheko e tebileng ka ho fetisisa ea kalafo ea statin ke rhabdomyolysisempa sena se etsahala maemong a sa tloaelehang.

Ke mang ea hlokang ho nka li-statins?

Ho tsebahatsa li-statins, lipapatso tsa lipapatso le litaelo tsa lithethefatsi ho bontša hore li-statins - tsena ke lithethefatsi tse sebetsang ho theola k'holeseterole e eketsang boleng ba bophelo ka kakaretso le ho fokotsa menyetla ea ntlafatso. maqeba, myocardial infarction. Ka hona, ho sebelisa lipilisi tsena letsatsi le leng le le leng ke tsela e bolokehileng ea ho theola cholesterol.

Empa ha e le hantle, ho fihlela kajeno ha ho na tlhaiso-leseling e qaqileng ea hore na kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le meriana e joalo e sireletsehile e bile e ea sebetsa. Ka sebele, bafuputsi ba bang ba re likotsi le litlamorao tse ka bang teng li feta melemo ea li-statins joalo ka prophylactic e sebelisetsoang ho thibela mafu a pelo. Litsebi li ntse li phehisana khang ea hore na li nke li-statins, li lekola melemo le mathata. Sebaka sa lingaka hangata se na le ngangisano ka taba enaStatins - Pros le Cons».

Empa, leha ho le joalo, ho na le lihlopha tse itseng tsa bakuli bao li-statin li tlamehang ho ba teng.

Ho tla sebelisoa lipalo-palo tsa morao-rao tse latelang:

• bakeng sa thibelo ea bobeli kamora strokekapa lefu la pelo,
• ho ts'ebetso e ntlafatsang likepe tse kholo le pelo,
• ho myocardial infarctionkapa acute coronary syndrome,
• ho lefu la mokokotlo la mokokotlo ka monyetla o eketsehang oa ho otloa ke lefu la stroke kapa lefu la pelo.

Ka mantsoe a mang, meriana ea k'holeseterole e bontšoa ho bakuli ba coronary e le ho eketsa nako ea bona ea bophelo. Tabeng ena, ho fokotsa litla-morao, ngaka e lokela ho khetha moriana o nepahetseng, ho lekola litekanyetso tsa biochemical. Haeba ho na le keketseho ea makhetlo a 3 ea li-transaminase, li-statins li hlakotsoe.

Keletso ea ho beha sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi bakeng sa bakuli ba joalo ha e na lipelaelo:

Haeba li-statins li fuoe bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere, ba ka hloka lipilisi tse eketsehileng ho fokotsa tsoekere ho madi, kaha ho bakuli ba joalo li-statins li eketsa tsoekere. Meriana ea ho fokotsa tsoekere ea mali e lokela ho fanoa le ho fetoloa ke ngaka ea bona feela.

Hajoale Russia, litekanyetso tsa kalafo ea methapo ea pelo li kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea li-statins. Empa, leha ho na le taba ea hore ho laeloa ke lingaka ho fokotsa lefu, ena ha se ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho beha lithethefatsi ho batho bohle ba nang le lefu la methapo ea methapo kapa khatello ea mali. Ts'ebeliso ea bona ha e lumelloe ke batho bohle ba seng ba le lilemo li 45, kapa ke bohle ba nang le cholesterol e phahameng.

Ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka ho tsamaellana ha lithethefatsi tsena le lithethefatsi tse ling.

Haeba ho hlokahala, ngaka e beha litlhare tse ling bakeng sa kalafo ea mafu a pelo hammoho le lithethefatsi tsa anticholesterol: Diroton, Khotso, Propanorm le ba bang

Diroton(karolo e sebetsang - lisinopril) e sebelisetsoa ho phekola khatello ea mali ea methapo.

Khotso(karolo e sebetsang - bisoprolol hemifumarate) e sebelisoang bakeng sa kalafo khatello ea kelello ea methapoho nyekeloa ke pelo angina pectoris.

Lethathamo la lithethefatsi tsa statin

Ke lithethefatsi life tse amanang le li-statins, le tšebetso ea bona ea ho theola cholesterol, li ka fumanoa tafoleng e ka tlase.

U ka khetha li-statins?

Leha ho na le litlhahlobo tsohle mabapi le li-statins bakeng sa ho fokotsa cholesterol, mokuli o lokela ho etsa qeto ea hore na o nka meriana e joalo, empa sena se lokela ho etsoa feela ka tataiso ea setsebi. Bohlokoa, pele ho tsohle, eseng litlhahlobo, empa ho khethoa ha ngaka.

Haeba motho a ntse a entse qeto ea ho nka li-statins, khetho ha ea lokela ho ba theko ea moriana, empa, pele ho tsohle, boteng ba mafu a sa foleng.

Boitšoaro, haeba cholesterol e phahame, ha ho lithethefatsi tse ka etsoang. Phekolo e nang le mathata a cholesterol e phahameng le lipid metabolism e laetsoe ke ngaka ea methapo ea pelo kapa setsebi sa bongaka. Maemong ana, setsebi se lokela ho lekola likotsi tse latelang:

• lilemo
• bong
• boima
• mekhoa e mebe
• mafu a tsamaiso ea pelo le mafu a mang, mafu a mang (lefu la tsoekere, joalo-joalo).

Ho bohlokoa ho nka li-statins ka tekanyetso e boletsoeng ke ngaka ea hau, le ha ho le bohlokoa ho e nka tlhahlobo ea mali ea biochemical khafetsa joalo ka ha ho laetsoe ke setsebi.

Haeba ho fanoa ka lipilisi tse theko e boima haholo, u ka kopa ngaka hore e nkele lithethefatsi tse theko e tlaase. Leha ho le joalo, ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tsa pele, hobane li-genetic tse hlahisoang ka tlung li boleng bo tlase haholo ho feta lithethefatsi tsa pele le li-jeniki tse hlahisoang ke moetsi oa kantle ho naha.

Ba nang le thahasello ea ho nka tlhahisoleseling ka melemo ea 'nete le likotsi tsa li-cholesterol li lokela ho nahana ka lintlha tse' maloa tsa bohlokoa ho fokotsa kotsi ea lithethefatsi tsena.

Haeba moriana o laetsoe bakuli ba tsofetseng, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore kotsi myopathiesmakhetlo a mabeli haeba u li nka hammoho le meriana ea khatello ea mali, gout, lefu la tsoekere.

Ho mafu a sebete a sa foleng, ho bohlokoa hore o nke rosuvastatin ka tekanyetso e tlase, o ka sebelisa Pravastatin (Pravaxol) Lithethefatsi tsena li fana ka tšireletso ea sebete, empa ha u li sebelisa, ha ua lokela ho noa joala ka ho felletseng, hape u sebelise kalafo lithibela-mafu.

Ka pontšo ea kamehla ea bohloko ba mesifa kapa kotsi ea ho e senya, ho boetse ho molemo hore u sebelise Pravastatin, kaha ha e na chefo hoo mesifa e leng teng.

Batho ba nang le mathata a liphio a sa foleng ha baa lokela ho nkoa. Fluvastin Leskolhape ha ea lokela ho tahoa Calcium ea Atorvastatin (Lipitor), joalo ka ha lithethefatsi tsena li le chefo ho liphio.

Haeba mokuli a batla ho fokotsa cholesterol e tlase haholo, ho kgothaletswa ho sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-statins.

Hajoale, ha ho na bopaki bo nepahetseng ba hore ho bohlokoa ho nka motsoako oa "statins plus nicotinic acid." Ha o nka nicotinic acid ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere, tsoekere ea mali e ka fokotseha, litlhaselo tsa gout, ho tsoa mali ho tsoa mpeng ea mala le tsona lia khonahala, monyetla oa eketseha rhabdomyolysis le myopathy.

Boithuto mabapi le litlamorao tsa li-statins 'meleng

Litsebi tsa kelello li ne li tloaetse ho fana ka li-statins bakeng sa batho ba nang le bothata ba lefu la mokokotlo la mokokotlo, khatello ea kelello ea methapo, le ho ba le likotsi tse tlase tsa methapo ea pelo.

Hajoale, maikutlo a mofuta ona oa lithethefatsi a fetohile ho litsebi tse ling. Le ha ho le joalo naheng ea Russia ho fihlela joale ha ho na lithuto tse ikemetseng tse felletseng tsa litlamorao tsa li-statins 'meleng tse kileng tsa etsoa.

Ho sa le joalo, bo-rasaense ba Canada ba bolela hore kamora ho sebelisa li-statins, kotsi mats'oenyeho ho bakuli ba eketsehile ka 57%, mme ha motho a utloa bohloko lefu la tsoekere, - ka 82%. Lintlha tse tšosang joalo li netefalitsoe ke tlhahlobo ea lipalo.

Litsebi li ile tsa hlahlobisisa sephetho sa lithuto tsa bongaka tse leshome le metso e mene tse ileng tsa etsoa ho ithuta phello ea li-statins 'meleng.Qeto ea bona e bile tse latelang: ha ho nooa mofuta ona oa bongaka, monyetla oa ho ba le stroke le pelo o oa fokotseha, empa ha o fuoa litlamorao tse mpe, ha o fuoe batho bao ba sa kang ba tšoaroa ke mats'oafo kapa maloetse a pelo. Ho latela bafuputsi, batho ba noang litlhare tse joalo khafetsa ba na le litlamorao tse latelang:

Empa ka kakaretso, ho na le maikutlo a fapaneng mabapi le hore na lithethefatsi tsena li kotsi kapa li sireletsehile haholo.

• Bo-rasaense ba tsoang Jeremane ba paka hore ka cholesterol e tlase, monyetla oa ho hola mofets'e, mafu a sebete le maloetse a mangata a tebileng, hammoho le lefu la pejana le ho ipolaea, ka hona ho tiisa hore k'holeseterole e tlase e kotsi haholo ho feta e phahameng.
• Bafuputsi ba tsoang USA ba bolela joalo lefu la pelo le maqeba eseng ka lebaka la k'holeseterole e phahameng, empa ka lebaka la maemo a tlase a magnesium 'meleng.
• Statins e ka hatella tšebetso ea bohlokoa ea k'holeseterole, e khutlisang litšitiso liseleng tsa 'mele. E le hore boima ba 'mele bo mele' meleng, le ts'ebetsong e tloaelehileng ka kakaretso, lisele tse mafura tse fokolang haholo, e leng "cholesterol e mpe" li hlokahala. Haeba khaello e bonoa, e ka hlaha myalgia, mesifa dystrophy.
• Ha o sebelisa lithethefatsi tse joalo, tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole e ea hatelloa, ka ho latellana le tlhahiso mellonate, e seng mohloli oa cholesterol feela, empa le lintho tse ling tse 'maloa. Li etsa mesebetsi ea bohlokoa 'meleng, ka hona, khaello ea tsona e ka baka kholo ea mafu.
• Sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi se eketsa monyetla oa ho hola lefu la tsoekere, mme lefu lena le lebisa ho eketseho ea cholesterol. Mehloli e fapaneng e bolela hore haeba u nka li-statins nako e telele, menyetla ea lefu la tsoekere e tsoa ho 10 ho isa ho 70%. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea lithethefatsi tsena ka seleng, khatello ea protheine ea GLUT4, e ikarabellang bakeng sa boemo ba tsoekere maling e ea fokotseha. Bafuputsi ba Borithane ba bonts'itse hore ho nka meriana e joalo ho eketsa kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere ho basali kamora ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli ka 70%.
• Litla-morao tse mpe li hlaha butle butle, ka ho fapana, mokuli a ka se lemohe hanghang, e leng kotsi ka tšebeliso ea nako e telele.
• Ha u sebelisa li-statins, phello ea sebete e hlokomeleha. Bao ba nkoang ba le batenya kapa ba phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše, hlokomela ka nako e itseng ntlafatso maemong a likepe. Empa ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, lits'ebetso tse rarahaneng 'meleng lia senyeha, tse ka lebisang ho senyeha hoa ts'ebetso ea kelello, haholoholo bathong ba botsofaling.

Ha motho a le ka tlase ho lilemo tse 50 a e-na le cholesterol e phahameng, sena se bontša hore ho ba le mathata a tebileng 'meleng a hlokang ho phekoloa. Linaheng tse ling, mananeo a ntse a hlahisoa boemong ba naha bo khothalletsang ho theola cholesterol ka ho khothaletsa bophelo bo mafolofolo, ho fetola melaoana ea lijo, ho khaotsa ho lemalla tahi ea nicotine le ho sebelisa li-statins.

Ka lebaka leo, linaheng tse ngata mokhoa ona o “sebelitse”: lefu la mafu a pelo le theohile haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho lumeloa hore ho tlohela ho tsuba, ho ikoetlisa le ho chencha menu ke tsela e ntle ea ho lelefatsa bophelo ho feta ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse nang le litlamorao.

Lipalo tsa bakuli ba tsofetseng

Har'a likhang tse emelang 'nete ea hore batho ba baholo ba lokela ho nka li-statin feela ka mor'a ho hlahloba ka hloko likotsi le melemo, re ka hopola phuputso eo, e bileng teng batho ba fetang likete tse 3 ba fetang lilemo tse 60 ba noang lithethefatsi tsa statin. Hoo e ka bang 30% e hlokometse ponahatso ea bohloko ba mesifa, hammoho le ho fokotseha ha matla, mokhathala o phahameng, bofokoli.

Bohloko ba mesifa bo boima haholo ho ba sa tsoa qala ho sebelisa meriana e joalo.Ka lebaka leo, boemo bona bo fokotsa botebo ba ts'ebetso ea 'mele - ho ba thata ho batho ho ikoetlisa le ho tsamaea, e leng qetellong e lebisang kotsing e kholo ea ho otloa ke lefu la stroke le pelo. Ntle le moo, ho motho ea nang le ho sisinyeha ho fokolang, boima ba 'mele bo qala ho eketseha butle-butle, eo hape e leng kotsi ea lefu la pelo.

Fibates: ke eng?

Litokisetso fibratee boetse e sebelisoa ho theola cholesterol. Meriana ena e tsoa ho tse ling. fibroic acid. Li tlama le bile acid, ka tsela eo, li fokotsa tlhahiso e sebetsang ea k'holeseterole ke sebete.

Fenofibrate fokotsa boemo ba meriana lipidsebe eona e lebisa ho cholesterol e tlase. Ho latela lithuto tsa tliliniki, ts'ebeliso ea fenofibrate lowers cholesterol ka 25%, triglycerides ka 40-50%, mme e boetse e eketsa boemo ba seo ho thoeng ke cholesterol e "ntle" ka 10-30%.

Litaelo tsa tšebeliso ea fenofibrate, ciprofibrate li bonts'a hore ka cholesterol e phahameng, meriana ena e fokotsa bongata ba li-deposits tse eketsehileng, hammoho le cholesterol e tlase le triglycerides ho bakuli ba nang le hypercholesterolemia.

Lenane la fenofibrate:

• Taykolor,
• Lipantil
• Hlahisa 200,
• KoprofibrateLipanor
• Gemfibrozil.

Empa, pele o reka le ho sebelisa meriana e joalo, ho lokela ho hopoloa hore tšebeliso ea bona e lebisa pontsong ea litla-morao tse itseng. Ha e le molao, mathata a mangata a amanang le tšilo a lijo a bonahala hangata: botlaela, dyspepsia, lets'ollo, ho hlatsa.

Litlamorao tse latelang li bonoa kamora ho nka fenofibrate:

• Sistimi ea lijo: pancreatitis, lefu la hepatitis, ho hlatsa, bohloko ba ka mpeng, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, lets'ollo, ho hlahella, ponahalo ea mabala.
• Sistimi ea musculoskeletal: bofokoli ba mesifa, rhabdomyolysis, hleka myalgia, myositis, cramping.
• Tsamaiso ea methapo: hlooho e opang, khatello ea kelello.
• Pelo le methapo ea mali: pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism.
• Liponahatso tsa lintho tse bohloko: ho hlohlona ha letlalo le lekhopho, ho hloloa hoa mahlo, urticaria.

Ho kopantsoe ha li-statins tse nang le li-fibrate ho etsoa ho fokotsa tekanyo, ka hona, lipontšo tse mpe tsa li-statins.

Motsoako o nyenyefatsang cholesterol ea mala

Bongaka Ezetimibe(Ezetrol) Na ke setlhare se secha se fokotsang lipid se fokotsa ho kenngoa ha k'holeseterole ka mpeng. Ntle le moo, Ezetimibe (Ezetrol) ha e qholotsa nts'etsopele ea letšollo. U hloka ho nka 10 mg ea meriana ka letsatsi. Empa ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko hore 'mele o hlahisa 80% ea cholesterol,' me ke karolo ea 20% feela e kenang le lijo.

Meriana eohle e meng

Ngaka ea hau e ka khothaletsa ho nka li-supplement tsa lijo (BAA).

Leha ho le joalo, litlhare tsa tlhaho tse kang Omega 3, Tykveol, oli e tlotsitsoeng, lipoic acid fokotsa cholesterol hanyane.

Re lokela ho hopola hore litlatsetso tsa phepo ha se lithethefatsi, ka hona, lithethefatsi tse joalo li fokola ho lithethefatsi tsa "statin" mabapi le thibelo ea mafu a pelo.

Lethathamo la li-supplements tsa lijo tse sebelisetsoang morero ona mme li na le likarolo tsa tlhaho:

Matlapa a nang le oli ea tlhapi (Omega 3, Leoatle, Omacor) e khothalletsoa hore e sebelisoe ke batho ba batlang ho theola cholesterol. Oli ea tlhapi e sireletsa 'mele ho hola mafu a methapo ea mali le pelo, hammoho le khatello ea maikutlo le ramatiki. Empa ho hlokahala hore u noe oli ea litlhapi ka hloko haholo, kaha ho e nka ho eketsa kotsi pancreatitis e sa foleng.

Ho sebelisoa oli ea peo ea mokopu bakeng sa ba mahlomoleng cholecystitis, atherosulinosis methapo ea kelello hepatitis. Sesebelisoa se fana ka phello ea choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective.

Lipoic acid

Sesebelisoa sena ke sa khale antioxidantE sebelisoa bakeng sa thibelo le kalafo ea coronary atherosulinosis. Kameho e ntle ea lithethefatsi ho metabolism ea carbohydrate e bonoa.Ha e nkoa, trophism ea li-neurons e ntlafatsa, maemo a glycogen ho eketseha ha sebete.

Li-vithamine kenya letsoho ho tsebisoang cholesterol, kholo hemoglobin etc. mmele o hloka vithamine b12 le B6, folic acid, Nicotinic acid. Ho bohlokoa haholo hore ana ke livithamini tsa tlhaho, ke hore, ho bohlokoa ho ja lijo tse nang le livithamini tsena.

BAA ke sehokelo sa leoto la fir, se na le beta-sitosterol, polyprenols. E lokela ho nkoa ha khatello ea mali, atherosulinosis, li-triglycerides tse phahameng le cholesterol.

Mekhoa e meng

Li -ququitors tsa bile acid(Baetsi ba mabilijj.) ke meriana e sebelisoang kalafo e rarahaneng e le karolo e thusang ho theola cholesterol. Ba thibela tlhaho ea eona ho plasma.

Koprofibrate Lipanor - e thibela motsoako oa k'holeseterole ka har'a sebete, e theola boemo ba eona maling, e fokotsa boemo ba lipoprotein tsa atherogenic.

Kahoo, lenane la meriana ea cholesterol hajoale le pharalletse haholo. Empa haeba mokuli a tloaetse ho theola cholesterol ea mali ka lithethefatsi, o lokela ho hopola hore lithethefatsi tse tsoang k'holeseterole e tlase li baka litlamorao tse ngata. Ehlile, ha a fana ka litlhare bakeng sa k'holeseterole e phahameng, ngaka e nahana ka sena, hape e tsebisa mokuli ka li-contraindication tsa ho theola k'holeseterole.

Empa leha ho le joalo, meriana ea ho theola cholesterol ea mali e lokela ho nkuoa, e kopanya kalafo e joalo le jahammoho bophelo bo mafolofolo. Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse theolelang k'holeseterole ea mali, moloko oa morao-rao, kaha moetsi oa bona o ntlafatsa lithethefatsi.

O ka fokotsa cholesterol ea mali ka lipilisi maemong a itseng. Empa matlapa a theolang cholesterol a tlameha ho sebelisoa feela maemong ao ho nang le kotsi e kholo ea ponahatso ea lefu la pelo. Ho na le lihlopha tsa bakuli ba hlokang ho nka lipilisi tsa cholesterol maling. Maemong a mang, pele u qala ho sebelisa lipilisi ho fokotsa cholesterol, o lokela ho bona ngaka e lekang melemo le likotsi tsa kalafo e joalo.

Bakeng sa ho phela bophelo bo felletseng, ntle le ho nka lipilisi, o tlameha ho ja hantle, ho ikoetlisa. Haeba cholesterol e phahame haholo, ho molemo hore o fetole mokhoa oa bophelo hanghang, o tla kenya letsoho ho tloaelehileng le ntle le kalafo e eketsehileng. U ka ithuta ho sebelisa litlhare tsa setso, tse kenyelletsang mahe a linotsi le likarolo tse ling tse phetseng hantle tse u lumellang ho "hloekisa" mmele. Setsebi se tla bolela joang le hore na ka makhetlo a makae ka letsatsi ho sebelisa chelete e joalo.

U ka fokotsa cholesterol e phahameng joang?

Ho fokotsa cholesterol ea mali, pele ho tsohle, mokuli o lokela ho tlohela lijo tse kotsi haholo. Ho boloka molumo o tloaelehileng oa methapo ea mali le hona ho bohlokoa haholo, ka hona ha rea ​​lokela ho lebala ka melemo ea lipapali le ho tsamaea kantle.

Nako ea phekolo e bolokang cholesterol e telele e telele haholo, 'me mokuli o lokela ho itokisetsa sena. Maemong ana, ho bohlokoa hore mokuli a latele litaelo tsohle le litaelo tsa ngaka e teng e le hore a tsitsitse, ntle le ho mo lematsa.

Kahoo, ho theola cholesterol ea mali, o lokela ho:

• tlohela mekhoa e mebe,
• fokotsa tšebeliso ea letsoai,
• felisa kapa fokotsa palo ea lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata,
• rata mafura a limela ho fapana le liphoofolo,
• ntlafatsa moruo ka lihlahisoa tse ntlafalitsoeng ka har'a fiber ea limela,
• jang lik'habohaedreite tse lekaneng,
• Etsa bonnete ba hore u kenyelletsa lijo tse nang le li-acid tse polyunsaturated lijong tsa hau.

Lethathamo la lihlahisoa tse thibetsoeng li kenyeletsa:

• mefuta e fapaneng ea soseji (ho kenyelletsoa lisosebelisoa le lisosa),
• di-cookies
• ho baka,
• likuku
• meqolong.

Mokhoa o nepahetseng mabapi le taba ea phepo e nepahetseng ka cholesterol e phahameng ha o na ho thusa feela ho "theola" matšoao a ona, empa o tla kenya letsoho ho ntlafatseng boiketlo ba motho ka kakaretso.

Boholo ba (80%) ea cholesterol e fumanoa liseleng tsa sebete, 'me ke 20% feela e kenang' meleng hammoho le lijo. Empa lenane le nepahetseng le le leka-lekaneng le ka thusa ho tloaelehileng le ho fokotseha ho hoholo hoa ntho ena maling.

Melao-motheo ea kalafo eo mokuli ka mong a lokelang ho tataisoa ke eona ke:

• ho theola mmele
• lipapali tsa letsatsi le letsatsi
• taolo e hlokolosi ea likhalori tse sebelisoang ka letsatsi,
• ho hana joala le koae,
• Ho qoba maemo a sithabetsang le litšitiso tsa kelello.

Ho fokotsa haholo motsoako oa ntho ena maling le ho thibela ho thehoa ha cholesterol, u ka sebelisa litlhare tse khethehileng le litlatsetso tsa ho ja. Kahoo, ka thuso ea tšebeliso e lekaneng ea mafura a omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, menyetla ea "thrombosis" marakong a methapo ea mali e fokotsehile.

Maemong a mang, liphetoho tse etselitsoeng ho morethetho oa bophelo le li-menu tsa mokuli ha li thuse ho tlosa cholesterol e phahameng. Tabeng ena, ho na le mokhoa o le mong feela oa ho tsoa - ho sebelisa tšebeliso ea meriana e khethehileng, eo leha ho le joalo, e ka laetsoeng ke ngaka feela!

Tlhomamiso

Ho fokotsa khatello ea cholesterol maling a mokuli, lingaka li fana ka taelo e le molao. Li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 5:

1. Maemo. Sehlopha sena sa meriana se laetsoe ke lingaka haeba tekanyo ea cholesterol e phahame haholo, mme e lokela ho fokotsoa hanghang. Tsena ke lithethefatsi tse sebetsang hantle, tse sebetsang ka tsona li ka setseng matsatsi a 14 kamora ho qala taolo. Statins e ka nkuoa nako e telele.
2. Fibrate. Sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi se ikemiselitse ho eketsa palo ea "cholesterol" e bohlokoa 'meleng oa motho. Ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea bona, menyetla ea litla-morao tsa tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo le eona e fokotsehile haholo.
3. Absorption inhibitor. Setlhare se joalo ha se lumelle cholesterol hore e kenngoe ka mpeng, empa ha e kenelle maling ka boeona. E loketse haholo bakuli ba nang le hypersensitivity ho statins.
4. Nicotinic acid. Lithethefatsi tse thehiloeng ho eona li na le phello e rarahaneng 'meleng oa mokuli: li tlosa cholesterol e "mpe" haholo, ha li ntse li eketsa boemo ba "botle", hammoho le ho tsetsisa microcirculation ea mali. O ka hlokomela matla a pele a matla a tsoang kalafong ka matsatsi a seng makae.
5. Lijo tse tlatsetsang li nkuoa e le litlhare tse sebelisoang hohle ho loants'a cholesterol e phahameng. Ha ba na li-contraindra, "ho lihela" litheko tse phahameng tsa "mpe" le ho eketsa boemo ba "botle".

Lihlopheng tsohle tse kaholimo tsa lithethefatsi tse tsoang ho cholesterol e phahameng li fapana ho fapana ka sebopeho sa tsona le molao-motheo oa ho pepesetsoa 'mele. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lihlopha tsena tsa kalafo e na le melemo ea eona, litholoana tsa eona le maikutlo a fapaneng ao u hlokang ho tseba ka 'ona.

Ke lokela ho nka li-statins neng?

Leha ho na le ts'episo ea lipapatso le baetsi, ts'ireletseho e felletseng ea lithethefatsi tse joalo ho bakuli ha e so hlakisoe kajeno. Haeba re bua ka karolelano ea melemo le likotsi tsa li-statins, bafuputsi ba bang ba hatisa hore kotsi ea ho ba le litlamorao e feta hole phello e ntle ea ho li nka, haholoholo haeba e etsoa ka sepheo sa ho thibela mafu a pelo haeba ho na le hypercholesterolemia.

Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa mekhahlelo e meng ea bakuli sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi se hlokahala ka potlako. Linomoro tsa morao-rao tsa moloko li bontšoa bakeng sa tšebeliso ea tlamo ka sepheo sa:

• thibela ho hlaseloa hape ke lefu la pelo kapa stroke,
• hlaphoheloa kamora ho etsa opereishene e ntle e amang pelo kapa methapo e meholo ea mali (kapa ho itokisetsa joalo),
• potlakisa ts'ebetso ea pholiso ka lefu la pelo kapa lefu la sethoathoa,

Meriana ena e boetse e hlokahala bakeng sa lefu la pelo le coronary le nang le kotsi e kholo ea ho otloa ke pelo kapa stroke.

Ha ho kgothaletswe ka matla ho sebelisa li-statins bakeng sa bakuli:

• ka kotsi e tlase ea mathata a hypercholesterolemia,
• ba nang le lefu la tsoekere
• tse tšehali eseng ka bosiu bo tlang ba ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli.

Ha o sebelisa li-statins, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka ho tsamaisana ha tsona le meriana e meng.

Bohlokoa ba ho Khetholla Cholesterol

Keketseho ea cholesterol maling a mali e ka baka mafu a mangata. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore ntho ena e arotsoe ka cholesterol e ntle le e mpe. Ho ba teng ha ea pele hoa hlokahala bakeng sa ho nka karolo lits'ebetsong tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa (synthet ea li-hormone, kaho ea li-membrane maemong a cellular).

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, litaba tsa k'holeseterole e mpe 'meleng hangata li lebisa ho holiseng mafu a pelo le a pelo. Lebaka ke hobane lipoprotein tse tlaase-tlase li ka baka li-sclerotic plaque ho marako a methapo.

Ho felisa ntho ena e bohloko, maemong a mangata, ho fanoa ka litlhare tsa anticholesterol.

Litlhokahalo tsa ho nka meriana

Matšoao a mang a ka supa ho eketseha ha letšoao la cholesterol:

• angina pectoris
• ho nyekeloa ke pelo
• ho tepella le ho utloa bohloko libakeng tse tlase nakong ea lipapali tse matla,
• moriti o mosehla mahlo,
• ho phatloha ha methapo ea mali.

Haeba u belaella lefu la bongaka, u lokela ho ikopanya le setsi sa bongaka bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea mali a biochemical. Haeba sephetho se bontšitse boleng bo phahameng, ngaka e tla fana ka kalafo e loketseng.

Moriana oa ho theola cholesterol o sebelisoa ha mekhoa e meng e sa felle ka katleho.

Ntle le moo, litlhokahalo tsa kalafo ea lithethefatsi ke:

• lefu la pelo le matla, le eketsang kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo,
• bokapele ba lefutso
• nalane ea lichapo kapa lefu la pelo,
• lefu la mokokotlo la mokokotlo.

U ke ke ua theola cholesterol ka meriana maemong a latelang:

• ha ho na bophelo bo botle le bo botle ba mokuli khahlanong le semelo sa ho otloa kapa lefu la pelo,
• mosali ha a e-so fihle nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli,
• nalane ea lefu la tsoekere.

Ho sa tsotelehe matšoao, u ke ke ua inkela moriana ka seqo. Ho fana ka kalafo, o lokela ho bona ngaka.

Litokisetso tsa Acotinic Acid

Matlapa a Nicotinic acid a fokotsa khatello ea lipoprotein tse fokolang ka ho thibela tlhahiso ea tsona. Karabo ea potso ea hore na ts'ebetso ena e etsoa joang ha e so ka e amoheloa hona joale.

Ho sa le joalo, litsebi li netefalitse hore haeba u sebelisa moriana o moholo ka bongata, o ka fokotsa haholo kotsi ea atherosulinosis.

Har'a lintho tse re utloisang hampe ke:

• feberu eo mokuli a e utloang karolong e ka holimo ea 'mele le sefahleho,
• ponahalo ea lintho tse ling tse fapaneng le tsona,
• ho eketsa boleng ba tsoekere ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere,
• tlolo ea tsamaiso ea tšilo ea lijo.

Mabapi le sena, takatso ea nicotinic acid e lokela ho qala ka tekanyo e nyane ka keketseho ea butle-butle. Nakong eohle ea kalafo ka moriana ona, mokuli o lokela ho ba tlasa taolo ea ngaka.

Contraindication e kenyelletsa:

• gastric ulcer le gastritis,
• hepatitis e sa foleng
• gout
• lefu la pelo (ho fokotseha kapa ho eketseha ha ho otla hoa pelo ho ka bonoa).

E 'ngoe ea liemahale tse sebetsang hantle tse nang le ntho ena ke Enduracin.

Li -ququitors tsa bile acid

Lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sena li fokotsa cholesterol ka lebaka la ho kopanya li-acid acid le ho li fetola metsoako e sa qhibilihang ka metsing. Le ha ho le joalo, 'mele oa motho o ke ke oa etsa ntle le bona' me o amohela ntho ena ka ho ntša cholesterol. Ka lebaka la lits'ebetso tse joalo, palo ea lipoprotein ea pathogenic ka sebopeho sa mali e ea fokotseha.

• ha ho na litla-morao
• ha ho na ts'ebetso ea systemic.

• sephetho se nepahetseng se tla bonahala hang ka mor'a libeke tse 'maloa ka tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi kamehla,
• ha ho na ntlafatso maemong a methapo ea methapo,
• mokhoa oa ho silika ka livithamini le lintho tse hlokahalang oa senyeha.

Methapo ea metsi e kenngoa ka tekanyetso e kholo, e lokela ho hlatsuoa ka metsi a mangata. Khahlano le nalane ena, ho se sebetse hantle ka mokhoa oa ts'iloetso o ka hlaha, o tsamaeang le ho nyekeloa, ho sokela kapa lets'ollo, ho thunya.

Har'a lisebelisoa tse ntle haholo sehlopheng sena:

1. Cholestyramine. Ena ke litokisetso tsa phofo tseo ho emisisoa ho lokiselitsoeng ho tsona. Ntho e le 'ngoe seboping e thusa ho fokotsa ho kenngoa ha mafura le cholesterol, hape e khothaletsa tlhahiso ea bile acid e ka hara sebete, ka lebaka la eona k'holeseterole e mpe e qala ho jeoa.
2. Cholestipol. E na le Resin-exchange resin, e amehang ts'ebetsong ea ho kopanya bile acid le phetoho ea bona ho metsoako e sa qhibilihang ka metsi. Ketso ea sethethefatsi e fokotsa bongata ba k'holeseterole e kotsi, ha e ntse e boloka HDL e sebetsang (lipalo tse phahameng tsa methapo ea methapo).

Kaha lichelete tsa sehlopha sena li fapana ka litlamorao tsa lehae, ha li fane ka litla-morao tse bobebe tsa tlhaho. E le ho thibela ts'ebetso ea methapo methapong ea lijo, ho eketsoa hoa lethalinyana ho lokela ho etsahala butle ka lebelo ho ea sebakeng se lakatsehang.

Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore li-sequestatula li ka sitisa ho amoheloa ha meriana e meng. Ntlheng ena, ba nkuoa lihora tse 'ne pele kapa hora e le ngoe ka mor'a ho sebelisa mokhoa o mong.

Ona ke karolo ea tharollo ea lithethefatsi tse thathamisang boleng ba cholesterol, hape e lokisa metabolism le tlatsetso ea mafura a liphoofolo 'meleng oa motho.

Lithethefatsi tse laetsoeng haholo ho tsoa lenaneng la lithethefatsi tse ka tlase:

1. Bezafibrat. Matlapa ha a thuse feela ho fokotsa mafid ea lipid, empa hape a ntlafatsa boemo bo akaretsang ba bakuli ba fumanoang ba na le angina pectoris le ischemia. Mabitso a lichelete tse joalo: Oralipin, Benzamidine, Zedur. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 30. Kamora moo, khefu bakeng sa khoeli
2. Gemfibrozil. Lowers triglycerides, mafura a tlase a mafura mme e thusa ho potlakisa cholesterol excretion. Tšusumetso e ka bonoa kamora ho noa pilisi ea matsatsi a 30. Kaha ntho e lula e le mokelikeli oa mali nako e telele, e lumelletsoe ho nka lintho tse nyane khafetsa kalafong, phello ea kalafo e tla ba teng.
3. Sena ke fibrate. Ketso ea eona e theola ponahalo ea mali le makeno a mali. Maemong a mangata, litlhare li rekisa lithethefatsi ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, o bitsoang Lipo-Merz. Moriana o nooa hang ka letsatsi kamora ho ja.

Fibrate li tiisitsoe ho:

• ho jara ngoana le ho anyesa,
• cholecystitis
• ho hloleha ha sebete le ho hlohlona,
• hypersensitivity ho likarolo,
• ho se sebetse hantle hantle ha renal.

Har'a litla-morao tse bonoang:

• phokolo ea mali
• hlooho e bohloko
• allergy
• mathata a tšilo ea lijo,
• ho otsela
• ho tsekela
• leukopenia
• alopecia.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore litlamorao tse mpe ha li na seoelo.

Tsena ke matlapa a cholesterol a tummeng ho feta a lihlopha tsohle.

Har'a lihlahisoa tsa moloko oa pele ke:

Li na le phello e ntle tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole e nang le molemo 'me e laetsoe haeba ho na le boemo bo phahameng ba LDL. Pheko e ntle e nkoa e le simvastatin. Haeba u e nka nako e telele, ho felisoa ha li-spasms tsa methapo ea mali le ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali.

Statins meloko e 2:

Li ngotsoe maemong a feteletseng ka lebaka la kotsi e kholo ea litla-morao.

Lithethefatsi tsa moloko oa boraro:

• Thorvacard
• Liptonorm,
• Tulip.

Ba na le lenane le lenyane la liketso tse mpe. Atorvastatin e teng pelong ea sethethefatsi se seng le se seng.

Lithethefatsi tsa moloko o mocha:

Tsena ke meriana ea sejoale-joale e sebelisetsoang ho hloekisa boemo ba cholesterol maling. Karolo ea bona ke ts'ireletso, kotsi e fokolang ea litlamorao tse mpe.

Bakuli ba lokela ho hopola hore ho thibetsoe ho inkela li-statin ka bo bona. Ho khethoa ho etsoa feela ke ngaka e eang. Haeba u hlokomoloha litaelo tsa ngaka, menyetla ea litla-morao e ea eketseha, e tsamaeang le:

• ho nyekeloa le pelo le ho hlatsa
• hlooho e opang, leseli,
• pherekano ea morethetho oa pelo,
• bofebe, ho sokela kapa lets'ollo,
• bohloko ba mesifa le ba manonyeletso
• ho ruruha, ho kulisa, ho hlohlona,
• mosebetsi o sa sebetseng oa liphio le sebete.

Contraindication:

• re reretsoe hore re ka phela joang?
• mamello ho likarolo
• mafu a sebete le a liphio,
• nako ea kemaro le kanyeso,
• likhathatso tsamaisong ea endocrine.

E le molao, li-statins tsa moloko oa bone li fana ka phello e potlakileng, e ka bonoang e se ntse e le khoeling ea pele ea ts'ebeliso.

Li-statins tsa cholesterol: ha ho laetsoe, litlamorao

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, ka mantsoe a mang, li-statins, ke sehlopha se ka sehloohong sa lithethefatsi tse fuoeng k'holeseterole e phahameng, e se nang li-analogues. Haeba tekanyo ea LDL e kotsi e phahame haholo ho feta phetoho e tloaelehileng le phepo e nepahetseng ha e thusa ho lokisa boemo, mokuli o fuoa kalafo ea statin ea nako e telele.

Molao-motheo oa ketso ea bona ke ho hatella ketso ea enzyme e ikarabellang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole ka har'a sebete, le ho liehisa tsoelo-pele ea atherossteosis. Ho ja lipilisi khafetsa ho thusa ho lelefatsa bophelo ba batho ba nang le lefu la ho ferekana ho sa feleng, mathata a ho potoloha, kapa mafu a amanang le pelo le methapo.

Ke mang le mang ea hlokang ho nka li-statins

Li-statins tsa cholesterol li laeloa batho ba nang le kotsi e kholo ea ho otloa ke pelo le ho otloa, ha cholesterol e phahameng e tsitsitse, ha e theohe, 'me ke 300-330 mg / dl kapa 8-11 mmol / l, hammoho le maemong ao bonyane boemo bo le bong bo phethahalang:

• lefu la pelo, setorouku kapa tlhaselo ea ischemic,
• coronary artery by gassting grafting,
• atherosclerotic lesion of coronary artery
• phahamisa liprotheine tse nang le "c" tse sebetsang hantle le calcium.

Phekolo ka lipilisi tsa cholesterol ha e fuoe batho ba phetseng hantle ka keketseho e nyane ho litekanyetso tsa LDL, hobane phello e mpe 'meleng e tla ba matla ho feta melemo. Ha ho kgothaletswe ho qala kalafo ka li-statins maemong a latelang:

• keketseho e nyane hape e sa tsitsang ea cholesterol,
• ho haella ha atherosulinosis,
• ha ho na lefu la pelo kapa stroke
• ha ho na calcium e hlahisoang ka har'a methapo kapa ha e na letho,
• protheine e sebetsang hantle e ka tlase ho 1 mg / dl.

Re lokela ho hopola hore kalafo e nang le li-statins e ka tsoela pele bophelo bohle. Ha li se li hlakotsoe, boemo ba cholesterol bo tla khutlela maemong a eona a fetileng.

Ts'ebeliso ea li-statins e lokela ho etsoa feela ho khothaletso ea ngaka hobane ho na le li-contraindication le litlamorao tse ngata. Ha ho fana ka matlapa, ho fanoa ka lintlha tse latelang:

• lilemo le bong ba mokuli
• mafu a fetileng kapa a teng a tsamaiso ea pelo le hematopoietic, ho kenyeletsoa lefu la tsoekere.

Bakuli ba tsofetseng ba lokela ho nka li-statin ka hloko e kholo haeba ba sebelisa meriana e meng e etselitsoeng ho phekola khatello ea mali, lefu la sethoathoa kapa lefu la tsoekere. Bakeng sa sehlopha sena sa bakuli, liteko tsa mali le taolo ea sebete li etsoa makhetlo a 2 khafetsa.

Lefu la tsoekere le lipalo

Statins li na le minus e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa - li eketsa tsoekere ea mali ka 1-2 mmol / L. Sena se eketsa kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa II ka 10%. Le ho bakuli ba seng ba na le lefu la tsoekere, ho nka li-lawins ho sitisa ho laola le ho eketsa monyetla oa ho tsoela pele ka potlako.

Empa, ho lokela ho utloisisoa hore melemo ea ho nka li-statins e ka ba kholo haholo ho feta litla-morao tse mpe tseo ba nang le tsona 'meleng. Mekhoa ea litlhare e fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke pelo le stroke, e lelefatsa nako ea bophelo, e bohlokoa ho feta keketseho e leka-lekaneng ea tsoekere ea mali.

Ka lefu la tsoekere, ho bohlokoa haholo hore kalafo e felletse. Ho nka litafole ho lokela ho kopantsoe le lijo tse nang le khabone e fokolang, ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea mmele le litekanyetso tsa insulin.

Lihlahisoa tsa "li-" "statin" ("statins") "

Ke meriana efe e amanang le statins le hore na e sebetsa hantle hakae bakeng sa ho theola cholesterol e ka fumanoa tafoleng.

Lithethefatsi tse hatellang ho kenella ka cholesterol ea mala

Ka ho fokotsa ho kenngoa ha k'holeseterole e tsoang lijong ka har'a mala, lithethefatsi tsena li fokotsa khatello ea mali maling.
Se sebetsang ka ho fetisisa sehlopheng sena sa lichelete ke li-guar. Ke tlatsetso ea limela e tsoang lipeo tsa linaoa tsa hyacinth. E na le "polysaccharide" e qhibilihang ka metsing, e bopa jellyse ha e kopana le mokelikeli o ka har'a leseli la mala.

Guarem o etsa ka mokhoa o tlotsang limolek'hule tsa cholesterol leboteng la mala. E potlakisa ho felisoa ha li-acid acid, e lebisang ho ts'oaroeng ha cholesterol e ngata maling ho tsoa bophelong ba bona. Lithethefatsi li hatella takatso ea lijo le ho fokotsa palo ea lijo tse jeoang, tse lebisang ho fokotsa boima ba mmele le lipid maling.
Guarem e hlahisoa ka li-granules, tse lokelang ho eketsoa selikalikoe (metsi, lero, lebese). Ho nka sethethefatsi sena ho lokela ho kopantsoe le lithethefatsi tse ling tsa antiatherosselotic.

Litla-morao li kenyelletsa ho thunya, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, bohloko bo ka mpeng, ka linako tse ling litulo tse otlolohileng. Leha ho le joalo, li hlahisoa hanyane, ha li hlahe hangata, ha kalafo e tsoelang pele e feta ka boithatelo.

Nicotinic acid

Asiti ea Nicotinic le li-derivatives tsa eona (enduracin, niceritrol, acipimox) ke vithamine ea sehlopha sa B. E fokotsa khatello ea "cholesterol e mpe" maling. Nicotinic acid e kenya tšebetsong tsamaiso ea fibrinolysis, e fokotsa bokhoni ba mali ba ho etsa likhahla tsa mali. Pheko ena e sebetsa hantle ho feta lithethefatsi tse ling tse fokotsang lipid tse eketsang khatello ea "cholesterol e ntle" maling.

Kalafo ea acid ea Nicotinic e etsoa ka nako e telele, ka keketseho ea butle-butle ea lethal dose.Pele le kamora ho e nka, ha ho kgothaletswe ho nwa lino tse chesang, haholo kofi.

Motsoako ona o ka khopisa mpa, ka hona ha e ngoletsoe lefu la gastritis le peptic ulcer. Ho bakuli ba bangata, bofubelu ba sefahleho bo hlaha qalong ea kalafo. Butle-butle, phello ena ea nyamela. Ho e thibela, ho kgothaletswa ho nka 325 mg ea aspirin metsotso e 30 pele o nka moriana. 20% ea bakuli ba na le letlalo le boreleli.

Phekolo ka litokisetso tsa acid e nicotinic e hanyetsoa bakeng sa ulcer ea ka mpeng le duodenum, hepatitis e sa foleng, likhathatso tse matla tsa morethetho oa pelo, gout.

Enduracin ke lithethefatsi tse nkang nako e telele tsa nicotinic acid. E mamelloa hamolemo, e bakang litlamorao tse fokolang. Li ka alafshoa nako e telele.

Setlhare sena se fokotsa maemo a “cholesterol” e ntle le e mpe. Setlhare ha se ame boemo ba triglycerides.

Lithethefatsi li tlosa LDL maling, e potlakisa ho pepesetsoa ha k'holeseterole e nang le bile. E thibela lipid peroxidation, e bonts'a phello ea antiatherosulinotic.

Litlamorao tsa sethethefatsi li hlaha likhoeli tse peli kamora ho qala kalafo mme li nka ho fihlela likhoeli tse tšeletseng kamora ho felisoa ha eona. E ka kopantsoe le mekhoa leha e le efe e 'ngoe ea ho fokotsa cholesterol.

Tlas'a tšusumetso ea lithethefatsi, ho atolosoa ha nako ea Q-T ho electrocardiogram le nts'etsopele ea litšitiso tse matla tsa morethetho o matla li ka khoneha. Nakong ea tsamaiso ea eona, ho hlokahala hore ho phetoe hape li-electrocardiogram bonyane hanngoe ka likhoeli tse tharo ho isa ho tse tšeletseng. U ke ke ua abela probucol ka nako e le 'ngoe ka cordarone. Litlamorao tse ling tse sa rateheng li kenyelletsa ho thunya le bohloko ba ka mpeng, ho nyekeloa le pelo le linako tse ling tse otlolohileng.

Probucol e kopantsoe le li-ventricular arrhythmias tse amanang le nako e atolositsoeng ea Q-T, liketsahalo tse etsahalang khafetsa tsa myocardial ischemia, hape le boemo bo tlase ba HDL.

Fibrate e fokotsa sekhahla sa triglycerides maling, ho isa tekanyong e tlase ea khatello ea LDL cholesterol le VLDL. Li sebelisoa maemong a hypertriglyceridemia. Lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang haholo ke:

• gemfibrozil (lopid, gevilon),
• fenofibrate (lipantil 200 M, treicor, ex-lipip),
• cyprofibrate (lipanor),
• choline fenofibrate (trilipix).

Litla-morao li kenyelletsa ho senyeha ha mesifa (bohloko, bofokoli), ho nyekeloa le pelo le bohloko ba ka mpeng, ts'ebetso ea sebete. Fibrate e ka ntlafatsa sebopeho sa calculi (majoe) ho lefu la nyooko. Maemong a sa tloaelehang, tlas'a tšusumetso ea li-agents tsena, inhibition ea hematopoiesis e etsahala ka nts'etsopele ea leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia.

Fibrate ha e fuoe mafu a sebete le botenya, hematopoiesis.

Statins ke litlhare tse sebetsang hantle haholo tse fokotsang lipid. Ba thibela enzyme e ikarabellang bakeng sa motsoako oa k'holeseterole ka har'a sebete, ha litaba tsa eona tse maling li fokotseha. Ka nako e ts'oanang, palo ea li-receptor tsa LDL e ntse e eketseha, e lebisang ho ntšitsoeng ka potlako ea "cholesterol e mpe" maling.
Lithethefatsi tse atileng ka ho fetisisa ke:

• simvastatin (vasilip, chakor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakol, simvastin, simvastol, simvor, simlo, sincard, holvasim),
• lovastatin (cardiostatin, choletar),
• pravastatin
• atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator, atorvox, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip),
• rosuvastatin (akorta, sefapano, mertenil, rosartark, rosucard, rosulip, roxera, rustor, tevastor),
• pitavastatin (livazo),
• fluvastatin (leskol).

Lovastatin le simvastatin li entsoe ka fungus. Tsena ke "li-drug" tseo ka har'a sebete li fetohang metabolites e sebetsang. Pravastatin e tsoa ho fungal metabolites, empa ha e tšeloe ka har'a sebete, empa e se e le ntho e sebetsang. Fluvastatin le atorvastatin ke lithethefatsi tse entsoeng ka botlalo.

Statins e beoa hanngoe ka letsatsi mantsiboea, kaha tlhoro ea cholesterol ea 'mele e etsahala bosiu.Butle-butle, litekanyetso tsa bona li ka eketseha. Tšusumetso e se e ntse e le teng matsatsing a pele a tsamaiso, e fihla hofihlella ka khoeli.

Lipalo li sireletsehile ka ho lekaneng. Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa tekanyetso e kholo, haholo-holo hammoho le fibrate, ts'ebetso ea sebete e sa sebetseng ea khonahala. Bakuli ba bang ba utloa bohloko ba mesifa le ho fokola ha mesifa. Ka linako tse ling ho ba le bohloko ba ka mpeng, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho sokela, ho hloka takatso ea lijo. Maemong a mang, ho hlobaela le ho opeloa ke hlooho ho ka etsahala.

Statins ha e ame metaboline ea purine le carbohydrate. Li ka fuoa mokhoa oa gout, lefu la tsoekere, botenya.

Statins ke karolo ea litekanyetso tsa kalafo ea atherosulinosis. Li ngotsoe e le monotherapy kapa hammoho le li-antiatherosulinotic tse ling. Ho na le metsoako e entsoeng ka lokisitsoeng ea lovastatin le nicotinic acid, simvastatin le ezetimibe (ntue), pravastatin le fenofibrate, rosuvastatin le ezetimibe.
Ho na le motsoako oa li-statins le acetylsalicylic acid, hammoho le atorvastatin le amlodipine (duplexor, caduet). Tšebeliso ea metsoako e entsoeng ka mokhoa o lokiselitsoeng e eketsa ho khomarela ha kalafo kalafong (ho latela), ho na le molemo moruo o mongata, mme ho baka litlamorao tse fokolang.

Lithethefatsi tse ling tse fokotsang lipid

Benzaflavin ke oa sehlopha sa vithamine B2. E ntlafatsa metabolism ka har'a sebete, e baka ho fokotseha hoa litekanyetso tsa mali tsa tsoekere, triglycerides, cholesterol e felletseng. Moriana o mamelloa hantle, o laetsoe lithutong tse telele.

Bohlokoa bo na le li-phospholipids tsa bohlokoa, livithamini tsa B, nicotinamide, acid e se nang mafura, sodium pantothenate. Setlhare se ntlafatsa ho phatloha le ho felisoa ha "cholesterol" e mpe ", e kenya tšebetsong thepa ea bohlokoa ea" cholesterol "e ntle.

Lipostable e haufi le sebopeho le ts'ebetso ho Bohlokoa.

Omega-3 triglycerides (omacor) e laetsoe kalafo ea hypertriglyceridemia (ntle le mofuta oa 1 hyperchilomicronemia), hammoho le thibelo ea infraction ea myocardial e pheta-phetoang.

Ezetimibe (ezetrol) e liehisa ho kenngoa ha k'holeseterole ka popelong, e fokotsa ho kenella ha eona ka har'a sebete. E fokotsa litaba tsa "cholesterol" e mpe "maling. Setlhare sena se sebetsa hantle haholo ha se kopantsoe le li-statins.

Video ka sehlooho "Cholesterol le li-statins: na ho loketse ho nka moriana?"

Ho beha lipalo ho batho ba baholo

Ha re ithuta ka phello ea sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi 'meleng oa bakuli ba lilemo tse fetang 60, bohloko ba mesifa bo ile ba bonoa maemong a 30%. Bakuli ba tletleba ka ho tepella, mokhathala le ho fokotseha ha molumo oa mesifa. Bohloko mesifa ea masapo bo ile ba hlaha haholo ho bakuli ba neng ba sa tsoa qala ho sebelisa moriana.

Ho ipapisitsoe le se boletsoeng ka holimo, ho batho ba bangata ba nang le hypercholesterolemia, ho fokotseha hoa tšebetso ea kelello le ea 'mele ka metsotso e 40 ka beke. Ka lebaka la bofokoli ba mesifa, bakuli ba felloa ke thahasello ho bapala lipapali, esita le ho tsamaea ka tsela e tloaelehileng. Sena le sona se eketsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke pelo le lichapo.

Statins - Lethathamo la Lithethefatsi

Lifekthering tsa Russia, o ka reka li-statins tse latelang tse sebetsang haholo ho theola cholesterol:

1. Rosuvastatin, e theolang cholesterol ka 55%.
2. Atorvastatin, e fokotsang boemo ka 47%.
3. Simvastatin (38%).
4. Fluvastatin (29%) le ba bang.

Lethathamo le felletseng la meriana ea cholesterol e phahameng e ka bonoa ka tlase:

Na ho bohlokoa ho nka li-statins kapa ho molemo ho li tlohela - hona ho lokela ho khethoa ke mokuli ka boeena, ho latela litlhahiso tsa ngaka e eang. Haeba mokuli, leha ho le joalo, a entse qeto ea kalafo e joalo, ha ua lokela ho ikhethela sethethefatsi sena - sena se lokela ho etsoa feela ke setsebi, ho nka likotsi tsohle tse ka bang teng le boteng ba li-pathologies tse sa feleng ho motho.

Fabisang Lithethefatsi

Fibrate - lithethefatsi tseo e leng tlhahiso ea li-fibroic acid. Joalo ka li-statins, li sebelisoa ka katleho ho loantša cholesterol e phahameng.Ho ikopanya le bile acid, lintho tsena li thibela tšebetso ea k'holeseterole ka lisele tsa sebete.

Fenofibrate e thusa lipids tse tlase 'meleng, e leng se lebisang ho fokotseheng hoa palo ea cholesterol. Hammoho le li-ciprofibrate, ba fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le mathata a eketsehileng a hypercholesterolemia, kaha ba tloaetse feela cholesterol, empa hape le triglycerides.

Li-fenofibrate tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa le tse tsebahalang li kenyelletsa lithethefatsi:

• Gemfibrozil
• Taykolor,
• Lipantil
• Exlip 200 joalo-joalo.

Empa ho nka qeto ea ho reka sehlahisoa se itseng hoa hlokahala haeba karolelano ea melemo / kotsi ea bophelo bo botle e se e lekantsoe. Lithethefatsi tse joalo li ka baka litlamorao tse ngata, tse atileng haholo ho kenyeletsa:

• burping
• pelo e bohloko
• bloating, e tsamaeang le ho rorisa,
• lets'ollo
• ho hlatsa
• ho nyekeloa
• nts'etsopele ea hepatitis
• sebopeho sa "calculi" ka hara gallbladder kapa makhapetleng a eona,
• khathatsoa myalgia,
• mesifa ea mesifa
• cephalgia
• tsietsi mosebetsing oa mofuta oa genital,
• pulmonary embolism
• thrombophlebitis
• lekhopho la letlalo
• allergic urticaria
• mmele wa ho hlohlona
• Photophobia.

Ho fokotsa litlamorao tse mpe tsa li-statins 'meleng, li ka sebelisoa ebile li lokela ho sebelisoa hammoho le li-fibrate.

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Ezetemib (Ezeterol) ke setlhare se secha se theolang lipid 'meleng. Ka lebaka lena, ts'ebetso ea ho kenyelletsa k'holeseterole ka popelong e thibetsoe.

Ntle le moo, Ezetemib, ho fapana le Orsoten le lithethefatsi tse ling tse tšoanang, ha li lebise ho nts'etsopele ea lets'ollo. Tekanyetso e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea lithethefatsi ke 10 g.

Ntle le ho fokotsa k'holeseterole, li-niacin li kenya letsoho ho:

• ntlafatsa phallo ea mali,
• ho theha tšebetso ea metabolic,
• thibela nts'etsopele ea khaello ea vithamine,
• Ho felisoa ha chefo 'meleng.

Sehlopha sena sa meriana se ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o ikemetseng hape e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng. Ho molemo ho sebelisa nicotinic acid kapa lintho tse tsoang ho eona ka k'holeseterole e phahameng.

Meriana e meng

Kamora ho buisana le ngaka pele, mokuli a ka leka ho theola cholesterol a sebelisa litlatsetso tsa phepo.

Lethathamo la li-supplement tsa lijo tse ka sebelisoang bakeng sa cholesterol e phahameng:

1. Litokisetso tse nang le Omega-3 (oli ea lihlapi, Omega-3, Oceanol, jj) li thibela methapo ea pelo le methapo ea mali, li matlafatsa manonyeletso le ho fokotsa kotsi ea khatello ea maikutlo. Meriana e joalo e lokela ho nkoa ka hloko e kholo, kaha e eketsa kotsi ea ho ba le pancreatitis e sa foleng.
2. Lipoic acid e na le phello e ntle ho metabolism ea carbohydrate. Tšebeliso ea eona e thusa ho ntlafatsa li-neurons tsa trophic le ho eketsa boemo ba glycogens ba hepatic.
3. Tykveol ke setlhare se thehiloeng holim'a oli ea peo ea mokopu. E bohlokoa haholo-holo bakeng sa ho ruruha ha methapo ea methapo, cholecystitis, hepatitis. Setlhare se na le litlamorao tsa choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant le hepatoprotective.
4. Litholoana tsa Vitamin. Li-vithamine tsa sehlopha B li hlokahala haholo ho cholesterol e phahameng: B6, B9, B12 le nicotinic acid. Sena ha se feela mabapi le litokisetso tsa meriana - e le hore o fetole metabolism ea phofo, o hloka ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tse nang le lintho tse kaholimo.
5. Polyconazole Ke tlatsetso ea lijo e nang le bokahare ba boka ba linotsi. E thusa ho thibela methapo ea methapo le k'holeseterole e tlaase.

Qeto

Lithethefatsi tse hlahisang cholesterol e tlase li na le likotsi tse ngata, hobane li ka baka litlamorao tse ngata tse sa thabiseng. Ka lebaka lena, maikutlo a lingaka mabapi le ts'ebeliso ea tsona a fapane.

Ho feta moo, ha ho khothalletsoe li-statin kapa meriana efe kapa efe ho bakuli ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 35.Kaha basali ha ba tloaetse ho ba le lefu la pelo, ho molemo hore ba khaotse ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse theolang cholesterol. Ho felisa bothata bo seng bo ntse bo le teng, ho bohlokoa ho etsa liphetoho tse itseng lijong le ho fetola mokhoa oa bophelo.

Empa ho na le maemo ha ho sebelisa lipilisi ho hlokahala haholo ho tiisa boemo ba mokuli. Maemong a joalo, moriana o khethehileng o ka laeloa ke setsebi feela!

Ntle le kalafo ea lithethefatsi, ho bohlokoa ho khaotsa mekhoa e mebe le ho ikoetlisa ho ikoetlisa ka 'mele. Ke feela moo menyetla ea ho hlaphoheloa e tla eketseha haholo!

Li-Fibrate - Mehloli ea Fibroic Acid

Fibrate ke moriana oa bobeli o sebetsang ho thusa ho sebetsana le k'holeseterole e phahameng. Hangata li sebelisoa hammoho le li-statins. Maemong a mang, li fanoa e le chelete e ikemetseng.

Mokhoa oa ts'ebetso ea litafole ke ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lipoproteinplase, e arolang likaroloana tsa letsoalo le tlase haholo. Nakong ea kalafo, metabolism ea lipid e potlakile, boemo ba k'holeseterole e nang le molemo bo eketseha, metabolism ea carbohydrate ka har'a sebete e beha maemong a tloaelehileng, mme kotsi ea li-plaque atherosselotic le li-pathologies tsa pelo e ea fokotseha.

Figrate cholesterol lithethefatsi li mamelloa hantle ke bakuli. Litlamorao tse mpe li hlaha maemong a sa tloaelehang (hoo e ka bang 7-10%).

Lipheko tse sebetsang hantle ke tsena:

• Clofibrate. E na le ts'ebetso ea hypolipidemic e boletsoeng, e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea metabolic ka har'a sebete, e fokotsa pono ea mali le thrombosis. Ha e fuoe thibelo ea lefutso kapa lefu lena le fuoeng hypercholesterolemia.
• Gemfibrozil. Clofibrate e nkiloeng ka chefo e fokolang le litla-morao. E phatlalalitse thepa e fokotsang lipid. E fokotsa LDL, VLDL le triglycerides, e eketsa HDL, e potlakisa ho felisoa ha mafura a mahala ho sebete.
• Bezafibrat. Lowers cholesterol le tsoekere, e fokotsa kotsi ea thrombosis. E phatlalalitse thepa ea antiatherosmithotic.
• Fenofibrate. Motsoako oa sejoale-joale o sebetsang ka ho fetisisa oa cholesterol o tsoang sehlopheng sa li-fibrate. E nkoa e le tharollo ea bokahohleng ntoeng khahlanong le metabolism ea lemid ea methapo le mokokotlo o eketsehileng oa insulin. Ntle le thepa ea ho fokotsa lipid, e na le litlamorao tse khahlanong le ho ruruha, antioxidant le tonic.

Fibrate e thibetsoe ka thata bakeng sa batho ba nang le cholelithiasis, lefu la nyooko, sebete le ho se sebetse ha meno. Ka tlhokomelo e kholo, e fuoa bacha le batho ba baholo.

Lintho tse tsoang ho Nikotinic acid

Niacin (Niacin, Vitamin PP, B₃) - lithethefatsi tse kenyang letsoho ho lipid metabolism, synthetic encyme, liphetoho tsa redox.

Ka k'holeseterole e phahameng, Niacin e laetsoe hammoho le lithethefatsi tse ling ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mali, ho eketsa leseli la methapo le ho tsamaisa potoloho ea mali. Niacin e boetse e thibela tšebetso ea ho ruruha, e hlapolla le ho matlafatsa methapo ea mali, e nang le phello e rarahaneng 'meleng.

Pheko e etsoa tlasa taolo e tiileng ea ngaka. Ho arabela ka tsela e fapaneng ho ka etsahala - allergy, maikutlo a mocheso o feteletseng, ho se sebetse hantle ha lisebelisoa tsa tšilo ea lijo, keketseho ea tsoekere (e kotsi ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere).

Li-inhibitors tsa chokosterol

Meriana ea mokhahlelong ona ha e eketse tlhahiso ea li-acid acid mme ha e thibele tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole ke sebete. Ketso ea bona e etselitsoe ho fokotsa phallo ea asiti ho tloha ka mpeng e nyane e kena ka har'a sebete. Ka lebaka la sena, lipolokelo tsa ntho li fokotsehile, 'me ho tsoa ha tsona maling ho ntlafatsoa.

Lithethefatsi tse sebetsang hantle sehlopheng sena:

• Ezetimibe (analogues: Ezetrol, Lipobon). E fana ka sehlopha se secha. Fokotsa ho kenngoa ha cholesterol ka mpeng e nyane. Se ke oa fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo le ho otloa ke lefu la pelo, le se ke la ama nako eohle ea bophelo ba mokuli. E sebetsa haholo ha e kopantsoe le li-statins. Litlamorao li ka etsahala - allergies, lets'ollo, ho senyeha hoa mali a mali.
• Guarem (guar gum). E na le phello ea hypocholesterolemic le hypoglycemic. E fokotsa ho kenngoa ha cholesterol ka mpeng e nyane, ha e ntse e ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa metabolic ka har'a sebete. Ka phekolo e rarahaneng, e fokotsa boemo ba LDL le triglycerides ka 10-15%.

Lithethefatsi tsa ho fokotsa cholesterol ea mali li fuoe mofuta oa mantlha le lefutso la hypercholesterolemia, le nang le lipid metabolism ha ho na le lefu la tsoekere.

Litokisetso tsa litlama

Ts'ebeliso ea sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi e lumelloa feela ka ho fetisa ponts'o kapa e le tlatsetso ea kalafo e kholo.

Lihlahisoa tse latelang li na le phello e ntle ea anticholesterol:

• leqheka
• tse tala
• chokeberry,
• viburnum,
• hawthorn
• celery, konofolo le lihoete li thusa ho hloekisa methapo ea mali,
• yarrow, linden, mamawort, oats e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebete le k'holeseterole e tlase.

Motso oa Dandelion o thusa ho laola tšilo ea lijo, ho matlafatsa 'mele ka lintho tse hlokahalang, hape ho thibela ho kenngoa ha cholesterol lijong.

Har'a phepelo ea lijo, tse latelang li tsebahala haholo:

E le mokhoa o mong, etsa kopo:

1. Aterol. E na le ketso e thusang ho hloekisa mali le sebete, hape e laola boima ba mokuli. E entsoe ka mokhoa oa likhabapo. Ntle le moo, sesebelisoa se etsa hore mosebetsi oa tšilo ea lijo o be bonolo, o etselitsoeng ho petsola metsoako e kotsi le ho e tlosa 'meleng oa motho.
2. Choledol. E ntlafatsa metabolism ea lipid, e fokotsa cholesterol, e khutlisetsa phallo ea mali. Moriana ha o na litla-morao ebile o thusa ho ntlafatseng bophelo bo botle kapele.

Alfalfa Anticholesterol le Ateroclefit le bona ba tumme ka ho tšoana. Ho hlolla ha li-saponin tse teng ka har'a alfalfa ke phello ea tsona e rarahaneng ea kalafo.

Ha li thibele feela ho thehoa ha cholesterol e mpe, empa hape li thibela atherosclerosis ea vascular, li eketsa ts'ireletso ea 'mele, hape li na le phello ea antitumor.

Lithethefatsi tse ntlafatsang ho phahama ha lebota la vascular

Li sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa boleng le katleho ea kalafo e ka sehloohong le thibelo ea mathata a atherosulinosis. Phekolo e thusang e kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse ntlafatsang thepa ea mali, boemo ba marako a methapo ea mali, phepelo ea mali a likhoerekhoere:

• Vinpocetine. E khaola mesifa ea mesifa ea methapo ea mali, e ntlafatsa phallo ea mali a khoheli, e lokisa methapo ea methapo le khatello ea mali. E na le phello e molemo tsamaisong ea methapo e bohareng.
• Dihydroquercytin. Lipilisi tsa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea pelo le boemo ba methapo. Normalize lipid metabolism, fokotsa tsoekere, fokotsa butle-butle tsoelo-pele ea atherosclerosis.
• Acetylsalicylic acid. Abela ho hlapolla mali le ho fokotsa kotsi ea likhahla tsa mali.
• Lintho tse tlatsetsang k'holeseterole. Monyetla oa ho li nka ka keketseho e tsitsitseng ea LDL o na le lipelaelo haholo. Ho fapana le lithethefatsi ho fokotsa k'holeseterole ea mali, lisebelisoa tsa tlatsetso ea lijo li hlahlojoa feela bakeng sa polokeho. Hajoale ha ho na bopaki ba matla a bona a ho phekola.Empa li ka sebelisoa ka ho kheloha hanyenyane LDL ho latela tloaelo, hammoho le kalafo ea phepo le phetoho ea bophelo.

Matlapa ohle a lokela ho nkuoa feela joalokaha a laetsoe ke ngaka ea hau. Ntle le ho sebelisa meriana, batho ba nang le cholesterol e ngata ba tlameha ho fetola mokhoa oa bona oa bophelo le lijo. Ke maemong ana feela kalafo e ka bang e sebetsang haholo le e sebetsang.

Lingoliloeng

1. George T. Krucik, MD, MBA. Mekhoa e meng ea Statins bakeng sa ho theola Cholesterol, 2016
2. Susan J. Bliss, RPh, MBA. Lithethefatsi tse fokotsang Cholesterol, 2016
3. Omudhome Ogbru, PharmD. Mekhoa ea Tlokotsi ea Cholesterol, 2017
4. A. A. Smirnov. Tlhahlobo e bapisang bokhoni ba kliniki ba li-statins tsa mehleng ena

Lintho tse hlophisitsoeng ke bangoli ba projeke
ho latela leano la ho hlophisa sa sebaka seo.

Ke life tse ntle le tse theko e tlase?

Litabeng tsa ho boloka bophelo bo botle kapa ho pholosa bophelo, litšenyehelo tsa mori ha ea lokela ho ba tsona feela mokhoa oa khetho, le ha lipilisi tsa cholesterol tse theko e tlase li ka ba ntle haholo. Tsohle li itšetleha ka ho angoa habonolo ha 'mele ho metsoako e sebetsang ea matlapa le tekanyo ea tšenyo ea litho tsa' mele ke hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol e phahameng). Kajeno, kalafong ea boemo bona, boholo ba mefuta e 2 ea lihlopha tsa lithethefatsi e sebelisoa:

• statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors),
• li-fibrate (tse tsoang ho fibroic acid).

Sehlopheng sa li-statins, ho sebelisoa matlapa a cholesterol:

• atorvastatin,
• lovastatin
• pitavastatin
• pravastatin
• rosuvastatin,
• simvastatin
• fluvastatin.

Sehlopha sa fibrate se emeloa ke lintho tse sebetsang:

• bezafibrat,
• tlatsa
• choline fenofibrate,
• koprofibrate.

Har'a litlhare tsa lihlopha tsena, u ka khetha lipilisi tse theko e tlaase tsa k'holeseterole. Mabitso a khoebo a meriana a ka fapana ho tloha mokelikeng (ntho e sebetsang), ka hona ho molemo ho beha khetho ea meriana ho ngaka.

Lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang haholo

Lethathamo la mabitso a lithethefatsi tse ntle ka ho fetisisa

Ha motho a leka ho fumana lethathamo la mabitso a lithethefatsi tse ntle haholo, ha a lokela ho ea k'hemisteng, empa ho ea tleliniking 'me a etsa bonnete ba hore o hloka lipilisi tsa cholesterol e le kannete.

Tse ntle ka ho fetisisa hangata li kenyelletsa meriana e etselitsoeng ho nahanela mefokolo eohle ea meriana e fetileng e hlahileng ho tsa bongaka. Re bua ka meriana ea morao-rao eo ho thoeng ke meloko ea ho qetela, e har'a li-statins, le sehlopheng sa li-fibrate, le lithethefatsi tse ling. Ehlile, theko ea lithethefatsi tsena e phahame haholo ho feta litšenyehelo tsa matlapa a "cholesterol" a tloaelehileng. Re hlahisa lethathamo la lithethefatsi tse theohileng ka ho fetisisa (tse theko e phahameng) tsa lipid tafoleng.

Lipalo-palo tsa ho theola LDL maling

Joalokaha ho ka bonoa tafoleng, li-statin li emela sehlopha se seholo sa lithethefatsi ho theola cholesterol ea mali. Le ha sehlopha sena sa meriana se ntse se sa bake tshepo e felletseng ho bakuli kapa lingaka ka lebaka la lipontšo khafetsa tsa karabelo e mpe nakong ea kalafo. Litaelo tsa lipilisi tsena li na le lethathamo la "kilometer" la likotsi, litemoso le likotsi tse ka bang teng ha o nka. Ke ka lebaka leo ho leng bohlokoa hore u ithute lithethefatsi tsena tse fokolisang lipid ka botlalo.

E le hore babali ba utloisise boholo ba tsoelo-pele ea pharmacological ntlheng ena, re bua ka lipalo tse latelang:

• sehlopheng sa li-statins ho na le lintho tse 7 tse sebetsang (mabitso a bona a hlahisitsoe ka holimo),
• ho na le matšoao a 88 a lithethefatsi tsa statin,
• sechaba sa meriana eohle ea sehlopha sena sa bahlahisi ba fapaneng ke mabitso a fetang 3 500.

Ho hlakile hore ho ke ke ha khoneha ho thathamisa mabitso ohle, kahoo re tla shebana le ba tummeng haholo.

Atorvastatin

M kalafo ea ho theola cholesterol Atorvasatin e fumaneha ho tsoa ho baetsi ba bangata linaheng tse fapaneng. Sesebelisoa se sebetsang ke calcium ea atorvastatin, eo e leng ea sehlopha sa pharmacotherapeutic ea lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid tse fokotsang, inhibitors tse khethiloeng tsa HMG-CoA reductase. Phello ea eona ke ho fokotsa boemo ba lipoprotein tse tlaase le tse tlase haholo (LDL le VLDL), triglycerides le apolipoprotein B ka ho thibela ho hlophisoa ha k'holeseterole maling. Ntle le moo, tlasa ts'usumetso ea atorvastatin, boemo ba HDL - lipoprotein tse phahameng tsa methapo e eketseha hanyane ka hanyane.

Sehlopha sa lik'hamphani tsa meriana Krka le makala a sona ba hlahisa matlapa a k'holeseterole ea Atoris e nang le ntho e sebetsang ea atorvastatin. Joalo ka li-statins tse ngata, li na le bokhoni bo netefalitsoeng ba ho fokotsa kotsi ea mathata a kang angina pectoris le lefu la pelo (26 le 16%, ka ho latellana). Li thibela ts'ebetso ea li-macrophage, li thibela ho phatloha hoa li-plaque tsa atherosselotic.

E lumellane le maemo a tloaelehileng a li-statins:

• le mafu a sebete le keketseho ea li-transaminases makhetlo a fetang a 3 ho tsoa monyako o kaholimo oa tloaelo,
• khaello ea lactase le maemo a mang a amanang le ho hloka mamello ho lactose,
• ka marapo a mesifa
• ho ima le ho nyekeloa,
• ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18.

Matlapa a fumaneha ka litekanyetso tsa 30, 60 le 80 mg. Ponahalo - lipilisi tse tšoeu tsa convex tsa sebopeho se chitja kapa sa oval.

Ho fokotsa khatello ea cholesterol le ho fokotsa kotsi ea mathata a pelo, ho latela litaelo tsa ts'ebeliso, lithethefatsi tsa Novostat le tsona li reretsoe (ka kopo hlokomela - eseng Novostatin). Ka linako tse ling baeti ba rekisang meriana (haholo-holo ba batlang lipilisi tsa ho theola cholesterol ho latela tlhahlobo ea metsoalle) ba ferekanya lebitso la moriana ona le moriana o mong 'me ba ba kope hore ba ba fe myostical Novostatin. Bakuli ba joalo ba se nang leeme ha baa lokela ho makala ha ba fuoa anstungal Nystatin ho fapana le moemeli ea fokotsang lipid.

Novostat e thehiloe ho atorvastatin mme e na le thepa eohle ea pharmacodynamic ea ntho ena e sebetsang.

Khamphani ea Czech Zentiva e etsa matlapa a k'holeseterole ea atorvastatin e thehiloeng ka har'a torvacard. Joalo ka lithethefatsi tsohle tse nang le motsoako ona o sebetsang, litaelo tsa tšebeliso ke tsa boholo bo tsotehang, tse bonts'ang tlhokeho ea ts'ebeliso e hlokolosi le e laoloang ea Torvacard. Litlamorao tse atileng haholo - hyperglycemia, dyspepsia, flatulence, ho hlatsa, ho sokela, ho nyekeloa, ho se sebetse hantle ha sebete, ho opeloa ke hlooho, ho hlekefetsoa ke lintho tse ling - ke mofuta oa lithethefatsi tse ngata tsa statin.

Rosuvastatin

Matlapa a nang le ntho e le 'ngoe e sebetsang ke lipilisi tsa pinki tse sebopeho se chitja. Mochine oa ts'ebetso ea rosuvastatin o ts'oana le pharmacodynamics ea li-statin tsohle, ntho ena ke ea subtype ea tlholisano, e thibelang li-inhibitors tsa HMG-CoA reductase. Ba abetsoe:

• le hypercholesterolemia ea mantlha, e tsoakiloeng le e futsitsoeng,
• hypertriglyceridemia,
• ho theola cholesterol ho atherosulinosis e le ho thibela tsoelo-pele ea eona.

Rosuvastatin e sebetsa hantle ho thibelo ea CVD le mathata a ho bakuli ba nang le mabaka a kotsi - khatello ea methapo ea mali, boemo bo potlakileng ba lelapa ho lefu la methapo ea methapo, lekhoba la nicotine.

Kalsiamo ea Rosuvastatin ke karolo e sebetsang ea matlapa a Roxer a entsoeng ke Krka. Tsena ke lipilisi tsa “white” tse tšoeu tse nang le "5" ka lehlakoreng le le leng. Ka sebopeho sa li-excipients, joalo ka matlapeng a ka holimo a k'holeseterole, ho na le lactose, joalo ka bakuli ba nang le tsoekere ea lebese kapa ba haelloang ke lactase ba lokela ho tseba ka.

Rosart hypolipidemic agent ke ea sehlopha sa litafole tsa cholesterol tse theko e tlaase tse thehiloeng ho rosuvastatin. E fumaneha ka mefuta e mene ea litekanyetso:

• 5 mg - pilisi e potolohileng e bosoeu bo bofubelu e khabisitsoeng ka "ST1" lehlakoreng le le leng,
• 10 mg - matlapa a pinki, a chitja a tšoailoeng "ST2",
• 20 mg - lipilisi tse pinki tse pota-potileng, tse ngotsoeng "ST3",
• 40 mg - matlapa a na le sebopeho sa oval mme a ngola "ST4".

Matlapa a Krestor a hlahisoa ke makala a fapaneng a k'hamphani ea Borithane ea Astra Zeneca mme ke "statin" e ithutoang ka ho fetisisa e thehiloeng ho rosuvastatin. Ka lebaka lena, li boetse li nkuoa e le sethethefatsi se itlhommeng pele (eseng se theko e tlase) sehlopheng sa lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid. Ho bonolo ho khetholla matlapa a mantlha ke khetla e khanyang ea khalase e 'mala o moputsoa' me e ngotsoe ka "ZD45225" ka lehlakoreng le le leng.

Statin Rosucard e entsoeng ka Czech (motsoako o sebetsang o hakantsoe ka lebitso) e fumaneha ka mefuta e meraro ea litekanyetso:

• 10 mg - likhalase tse khanyang tsa pinki tse bobebe tse tsoang khetla ea polymer,
• 20 mg - e tšoana hantle le e fetileng, empa 'mala oa khetla o fapaneng.
• 40 mg ke lipilisi tse pinki tse lefifi.

Rosucard e boetse e bua ka lipilisi tse theko e phahameng, leha lenane la likarabelo tse mpe le litemoso tsa ts'ebeliso ea lona le sa khuts'oane ho feta tsa li-statins tse ling. Haeba u sebelisa sethethefatsi sena ka mokhoa oo u laetsoeng le tlas'a taolo ea ngaka, kotsi ea mathata a manyane haholo.

Lithethefatsi tse ling tsa cholesterol e phahameng

Haeba, kamora ho kopana le li-statins, takatso ea ho phekoloa le bona e fokotsehile (mme bakuli ba bangata ba tšaba ho ba nka), ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko meriana e meng e theolang cholesterol. Tsena ke lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sa fibrate - derivatives ea fibroic acid, e ntlafatsang lipolysis le ho tlosa seo ho thoeng ke atherogenic lipoproteins (LDL le VLDL) maling, hammoho le ho fokotsa khatello ea methapo ea methapo. Lipilisi tsena tsa cholesterol ha li theko e tlase, empa u ka khetha li-analogues tsa tlhahiso ea Maturkey (mohlala, Lipofen), tse theko e tlase habeli ho feta lipilisi tsa Mafora.

Ntle le li-fibrate le li-statins, kalafo e fokotsang lipid e sebelisa inhibitors ea k'holeseterole e nang le ntho e sebetsang ea ezetimibe (Ezetrol), eo ka khetho e thibelang (thibela) ho kenngoa ha cholesterol e tsoang semeleng le li-sterols ka mala.

Ke eng e betere eo nka e noang?

Seo u ka se khethang lethathamong la meriana e joalo e hanyetsang, eo ho leng molemo ho e sebelisa? Statins le fibrate li tšosa ka litlamorao tsa tsona ho sebete le mesifa ea marapo, lithethefatsi tsa morao-rao li theko e phahameng haholo. Lingaka li khothaletsa hore leha ho le joalo u qale ka ho ja li-statin ka hloko le ka mokhoa o laoloang mme, haeba ho ka etsahala hore li sebetsa hantle ebile li mamelletse hantle, u ka fumana kalafo e felletseng.

Haeba li-statins kapa li-fiber ha li tšoanelehe, ho na le matlapa a mang a tsoang lihlopheng tsa li-inhibitors tsa cholesterol kapa li-agents tse kopaneng tse thehiloeng ho tsona.

Ka nako e 'ngoe u ka utloa hore matlafatso a bioactive (BAA) Energy a ka sebelisoa e le matlapa a cholesterol. Empa ho latela litaelo tsa ts'ebeliso, lihlahisoa tse nang le lebitso la khoebo la Energia ke li-vitamini le li-mineral complexes tse etselitsoeng batho ba haelloang ke likarolo tse itseng tsa mohlala. Taba ea hore Energy ke litafole tsa cholesterol ha e boleloe ho Annotation. Ka tloaelo lithethefatsi ha se moriana, ebile ha li khothalletse metabolism, ka hona, ha ho bohlale ho e fa karolo ea moemeli ea fokotsang lipid.

Bakuli ba kanna ba ferekanya Energy ka moemeli ea kopaneng ea lipid ea kopantsoeng ea Italy kapa ea Singapore e thehiloeng simvastatin le ezetimibe (statin le cholesterol inorpitor). Ena ke pheko e ntle ea hypercholesterolemia.

Hoa hlokahala ho bua ka lipilisi tsa Alisat (kapa feela "Garlic"), tseo ba bangata ba li nkang e le lipilisi tsa cholesterol.Tlatsetso ena ea lijo e etselitsoe ho tlatsa 'mele ka lebaka la khaello ea allicin, ntho e nang le lihlahisoa tse nang le antifungal le bactericidal.

Haeba u hlile u batla ho phekoloa eseng ka lipilisi tsa cholesterol, empa ka lijo tse tlatsetsang, u ka ela hloko li-capsule tsa Aterolex tse thusang ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea lipid, ho hokahanya ts'ebeliso ea bona le ngaka.

Tse theko e tlase ke life?

Haeba u khetha meriana ho theola cholesterol ea mali sehlopheng se theko e tlaase, u lokela ho e batla har'a lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sa statin:

• Atorvastatin (e nang le ntho e tšoanang e sebetsang),
• Cardiostatin (lovastatin),
• Reddistatin (rosuvastatin),
• Vasilip (simvastatin).

Kajeno, ana ke meriana e theko e tlaase ea cholesterol e phahameng ea mali.

Ka litlamorao tse fokolang

Morero oa mantlha oa ho kopanya lithethefatsi tse ncha ke ho fokotsa palo ea litlamorao ha o ntse o boloka ts'ebeliso e phahameng ea lithethefatsi. Ka hona, matlapa a tsoang ho cholesterol ea moloko o mocha - li-inhibitors tsa ho monya k'holeseterole ka popelong (Ezetrol) - li nkoa e le lithethefatsi tse sireletsehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa ho fokotsa lipid. Sena ha se bolele hore lithethefatsi tsena ha li na litla-morao mme lenane la tsona le leholo haholo. Empa ho latela litaelo tse sebelisoang, lipontšo tsena tse sa rateheng li bonoa ka mekhahlelo e “sa lekanyetsoang” le “ka seoelo”, e buang molemong oa polokeho.

Na hoa khoneha ho fokotsa kapele le ka nepo?

Ho thata ho motho ea sa tloaeloang ho mamela maemo ho amohela tlhokahalo ea ho sebelisa meriana nako e telele le ho latela lijo. Bakuli ba joalo ha ba felloe ke mamello ebile ba batla lipilisi tse fokotsang cholesterol kapele le ka tsela e nepahetseng. 'Me ho ke ke ha ba le litafole tse joalo, kaha ho khutlisoa ha metabolism ea mafura e hlokahalang ho tsitsisa maemo a cholesterol maling ke ts'ebetso e telele, e butle-butle. Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho phekola lefu la ramatiki le litafole tse 'maloa, tseo ka linako tse ling li bileng teng ka lilemo. Ka hona, bakuli ba nang le hypercholesterolemia ba lokela ho itokisetsa phekolo ea nako e telele le liphetoho tse tebileng mokhoeng oa bophelo.

Tlhahlobo ka kakaretso

Tlhahlobo ea mamello ea lintho tse fapa-fapaneng tse sebetsang tsa lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid lia khahlisa, ho u lumella ho utloisisa hore na ke life tsa tsona tse mamelletsoeng hamolemo, tse sebetsang haholoanyane.

Ho latela liphuputso tse entsoeng ke mokuli, boholo ba bona ba phekoloa ka li-statins tse ba abetsoeng tleliniking. Ho tsoa sehlopheng sena sa lithethefatsi, matlapa a k'holeseterole ea atorvastatin le rosuvastatin a fumane litlhahlobo tse ntle. Ka tsela, rosuvastatin e bitsoa e ntle ka ho fetisisa, hobane nakong ea tsamaiso ea eona bakuli ba bangata ha baa ka ba e-ba le karabelo e mpe.

Har'a li-fibrate, Tricor o fumane litlhahlobo tse ntle.

Ezetrol o bitsoa pilisi e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea k'holeseterole, empa lingaka le bakuli ba hlokometse hore ke "moriana o theko e boima haholo."

U ka fokotsa cholesterol joang ntle le lithethefatsi?

Ka lebaka la likotsi le litšenyehelo tsa kalafo tsa lichelete, bakuli ba bangata ba batla ho fumana mofuta o mong ntle le lithethefatsi kalafo e fokotsang lipid. Mekhoa e joalo e teng, leha e hloka cheseho e khethehileng, taeo le mamello, hobane mekhoa ena e ke ke ea fana ka phello e potlakileng. Ke potso ea ho felisa lintho tse joalo tse tsosang tsa pherekano ea metabolism ea lipid joaloka ho se ikoetlise, litloaelo tse mpe le khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng.

Mehato e rarahaneng ea mehato eo e seng ea lithethefatsi e lokela ho kenyelletsa mokhatlo oa mofuta oa letsatsi ka phomolo e nepahetseng le ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo.

Ha u felisitse phepelo ea lihlahisoa tse kotsi, o ka theola ts'ebetso ea hau ea tšilo ea lijo ka tlhoko ea ho monya mafura le li-saccharides, tse tla ama profil ea profid. Le ho tsitsisa cholesterol ea mali, hoa hlokahala ho latela lijo tse khethehileng tse fokotsang lipid tse thusang ho fokotsa metabolism.

Lithethefatsi tsa bokhachane

Haeba, ha ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea mali a biochemical, ho senoloa hore boleng ba cholesterol bo feta haholo ho tloaelehileng, ho fanoe ka litlhare. Hangata, ngaka e beha sehlopha sa li-statins tse nang le phello e sebetsang. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore nakong ea bokhachane lithethefatsi tsena li tlatsitsoe.

Boemong bo joalo, Hofitol e fuoa basali baimana. Tloaelo e lumelletsoeng ha e fetisetse matlapa a mararo ka letsatsi. Se ke oa inahanela. Ho fumana tumellano ea nako, ho molemo ho batla thuso ho setsebi.

Mokhoa oa bophelo o mafolofolo

Ho ikoetlisa ka ho sa lekaneng ho lebisa ho tsitsinyeheng ha mali le ho emisoa hoa matla a sa sebetseng ka mokhoa oa mafura a mangata 'meleng. Li kentsoe hoo e batlang e le litho tsohle tsa bohlokoa, li sitisa tšebetso ea tsona e tloaelehileng le ho sitisa metabolism ea mafura a tlhaho. Phetoho mokhoeng oa bophelo mabapi le keketseho ea ts'ebetso ea 'mele e thusa ho ntlafatsa phallo ea mali le ho etsa hore litsamaiso tsohle li kenyeletse metabolism ea mafura. Ke ka hona ho leng bohlokoa haholo ho kopanela kamehla lithutong tsa boikoetliso - li-gymnastics tsa hoseng ho hong le ho hong, ho matha, ho tsamaea, ho sesa makhetlo a 'maloa ka beke, ho ikoetlisa kamehla mosebetsing.

Lijana tse hloekisang tse nang le litlhare tsa setso

Litlhare tsa Folk le tsona li fumane sebaka kalafong e fokotsang lipid. Tlhaho e na le limela tse ngata tse tlatsetsang ho ntlafatseng ha metabolism le ho phatloha ha mafura. Lisebelisoa tsena li theha motheo oa mekhabiso ea lithethefatsi tse hloekisang methapo ea mali le cholesterol e tlase. Ha o qala kalafo ka litlhare tsa setso, ho lokela ho hopoloa hore kalafo ea litlama ke mosebetsi o mongata, hape ba ka ba le litlamorao le li-contraindication bakeng sa tšebeliso.

Lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang haholo

Har'a mekhoa e theko e tlaase, empa e sebetsang e khetholla:

• lipoic acid
• Vasilip
• Simvastatin
• Simvor
• matlapa a konofolo
• Simvagexal
• Simvakard.

Tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa le tse fanoang hangata ke:

1. Aterol ke e 'ngoe ea lithethefatsi tse sebetsang hantle ho loants'a cholesterol e phahameng. Har'a melemo ea eona e kholo ke ho ba sieo ha litlamorao tse mpe, kalafo e kgutshwane (hoo e ka bang lithuto tse tharo tsa ho amoheloa li lekane), likarolo tsa tlhaho tlhahisong.
2. Boemo ba moloko o mocha le simvastatin.
3. Ezetrol ke sesebelisoa se tsejoang hanyane, empa se sebetsa. Ketso ea eona e etselitsoe ho thibela ho amoheloa ke cholesterol, athe sena ha se thibele ts'ebetso, empa ea e liehisa.
4. Oli ea tlhapi e nang le omega 3.

Haeba biochemistry ea mali e bontšitse cholesterol e fetelletseng, o lokela ho ikopanya le setsebi se tla fana ka kalafo e loketseng. Haeba u sa nke mehato ea ho theola sesupo, menyetla ea ho ba le litlamorao tse mpe e ea eketseha, e ka baka ts'oaro le ho otla ha pelo.