Karolo ea tlhaho ea cholesterol

Cholesterol ke joala ea monoatomic cyclic, e hlahisang li-cholesteride habonolo ka har'a lithane. E kena 'meleng oa motho e le karolo ea lijo' me e entsoe ka har'a sebete, ka mpeng le ka har'a letlalo.

Karolo ea tlhaho ea cholesterol:

1. E hlophisehileng. K'holeseterole ea mahala ke karolo ea likarolo tsa membrane ea lisele.

2. Metabolic. Cholesterol ke selelekela sa lintho tse sebetsang tse sebetsang: vithamine D3, lihormone tsa STEROID (ANDROGENS, ESTROGENS, CORTICOIDS) Nakong ea oxidation ea cholesterol sebeteng ka ho nka karolo ha CYTOCHROME P-450, acid e bile e thehiloe. Ka mokhoa oa eona oa mahala, k'holeseterole e tsamaisoa ka 'mele ho sebelisoa mali a tsamaisang LIPOPROTEINS. Mehloli ea k'holeseterole:

1. Lijo. Bakeng sa letsatsi, 0,3 g. k'holeseterole.

2. Ka hara batho, ka karolelano, ka boima ba li-kg- 65-70 kg ka letsatsi, 3.5 -4.2 g e entsoe. k'holeseterole. Sebete se lula sebakeng se ka sehloohong ka har'a k'holeseterole. Ha ho senyeha sebete le mala, ho etsoa le ho tsamaisoa ha mali LP hoa senyeha. Ka tšenyo ea sebete le pampitšana ea biliary, ho thehwa le ho pepesetsoa ha li-acid acid tse amehang mohopong oa mafura a lijo hoa senyeha. Tabeng ea tlolo ea ho tsoa hoa bile, e tletse ka k'holeseterole e lebisang ho bopeng majoe a cholesterol. Lefu la Gallstone lea hlaha. Hypercholesterolemia e tsebahala maling.

1. Ho thehoa ha acetoacetyl-CoA ho tsoa limolek'hule tse peli tsa acetyl-CoA e sebelisang thiolase enzyme acetoacetyltransferase. E hlaha cytosol.

2. Ho thehoa ha β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA ho tloha acetoacetyl-CoA ka molek'hule ea acetyl-CoA ea boraro e sebelisang synthase ea hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA.

3. Ho thehoa ha mevalonate ka phokotso ea HMG le ho felisoa ha HS-KoA ho sebelisa phetoho ea motlakase oa hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA ea NADP.

4. mevalonic acid e phosphorylated habeli le ATP: ho fihlela ho 5-phosphomevalonate, 'me joale ho fihlela ho 5-pyrophosphomevalonate.

5.5-pyrophosphomevalonate e phosphorylated atom ea 3 ea khabone, e theha - 3-phospho-5-pyrophosphomevalonate.

6. La bobeli ke decarboxylated le dephosphorylated, isopentenyl pyrophosphate e thehoa.

7. Kamora letoto la karabelo e latellanang, squalene e thehoa.

8. Kamora ho ts'oaroa ha likaroloana tse ngata, ho thehiloe lanosterol.

9.Lanosterol e fetoha k'holeseterole e boreleli mecheng ea reticulum e boreleli ea endoplasmic

Lihormone tsa tšoelesa ea qoqotho, tšoelesa ea adrenal le gonads tse nang le hyperfunction li eketsa secretion ea cholesterol, 'me ka ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso li etsa hore ho phatloha ha eona ho senyehe. Ha e sebelisoe ke k'holeseterole ea 'mele e bola ka sebeteng. Lihlahisoa tse bolileng li fetoloa li-asiti tsa bile li ntšoa ka mala ka lera.