Setlolo sa Ciprofloxacin: Litaelo tsa ho sebelisoa

Ka ophthalmology: mafu a tšoaetsanoang le a tšoaetsanoang (mafu a mahlo a hlobaetsang le a sa foleng a (hyppharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, baktheria corneal ulcer, dacryocystitis e sa foleng, meibomitis (harese), leqeba le tšoaetsang la leihlo ka mor'a ho sithabela kapa ho se sebetse hantle) mathata a tšoaetsanoang ts'ebetsong ea bongaka ba mahlo.

Ho otorhinolaryngology: otitis externa, kalafo ea mathata a tšoaetsanoang a postoperative.

Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa: litekanyetso le kalafo

Sebakeng sa heno. Bakeng sa tšoaetso e bonolo le e itekanetseng, marotholi a 1-2 a kenyellelloa kahare ho leihlo le amehileng ka mor'a lihora tse 'ne,' me bakeng sa tšoaetso e matla, marotholi a mabeli hora e 'ngoe le e' ngoe. Kamora ho ntlafala, tekanyetso le sekhahla sa ho kenyelletsoa hoa fokotsoa.

Maemong a nang le lisele tsa kokoana-hloko ea baktheria: 1 cap e ngoe le e ngoe metsotso e 15 bakeng sa lihora tse 6, ebe khetla e le 'ngoe metsotso e meng le e meng e 30 nakong ea lihora tse matla, ka letsatsi la 2 - 1 cap, e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ka lihora tse tsohang, ho tloha ho matsatsi a 3 ho isa ho a 14 - 1 Lihora tse 4 nakong ea lihora tsa ho tsoha. Haeba kamora matsatsi a 14 a ho phekola lefu la sethoathoa ha ho so etsahale, kalafo e ka tsoela pele.

Setlolo sa mahlo se kenngoa ka morao ho eyelid ea leihlo le amehileng.

Ketso ea pharmacological

Moemeli ea sebetsanang le lithibela-mafu, o hlahisang fluoroquinolone, o thibela libaktheria tsa DNA gyrase (topoisomerases II le IV, ea ikarabellang ts'ebetsong ea ho hlaka le ho feta ha DNA ea chromosomal ho potoloha RNA ea nyutlelie, e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho bala tlhaiso-leseling), e sitisa motsoako oa DNA, kholo ea baktheria le karohano, 'me e baka morphological. liphetoho (ho kenyelletsa lebota la sele le li-membrane) le lefu le potlakileng la sele ea kokoana-hloko.

E sebetsa ho bactericidal ho likokoana-hloko tse seng ntle le gram nakong ea ho phomola le ho arohana (kaha ha e ame feela gyrase ea DNA, empa e boetse e baka leqhubu la lebota la sele), le likokoana-hloko tse ntle tsa gram feela nakong ea karohano.

Ho ba le chefo e fokolang ho lisele tsa macroorganism ho hlalosoa ke ho haella ha li-gyrase tsa DNA ho tsona. Ha u ntse u nka ciprofloxacin, ha ho na tsoelopele e ts'oanang ea ho hanyetsa li-actibiotic tse ling tseo e seng tsa sehlopha sa li-gyrase inhibitors, tse etsang hore e sebetse hantle haholo khahlanong le libaktheria tse sa loaneng, mohlala, aminoglycosides, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines le lithibela-mafu tse ling tse ngata.

Libaktheria tsa aerobic tsa gram-negative aerobic li ka kenella ho ciprofloxacin: enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. , Morganella morganii, Vibrio spp., Yersinia spp.), Libaktheria tse ling tse se nang gram (Haemophilus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis, Aeromonas spp, Pasteurella multocida, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Campyunlobacterium. Legionella pneumophila, Brucella spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, Listeria monocytogene, lefuba la Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium kansasii, Corynebacterium diphtheriae,

Baktheria ea aerobic e thusang: Graphylococcus spp. (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus), Streptococcus spp. (Streptococcus pyogene, Streptococcus agalactiae).

Boholo ba li-staphylococci tse loantšang methicillin le tsona li loantšana le ciprofloxacin. Boikutlo ba Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium avium (e fumanehang intracellularly) e lekane (ho tsepamisa mohopolo o phahameng ho hlokahala ho ba hatella).

Ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi: Bacteroides fragilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium Hardile, Nocardia asteroides. Ha e sebetse khahlano le Treponema pallidum.

Ho hanyetsa ho hlaha butle butle, hobane ka lehlakoreng le leng, kamora ts'ebetso ea ciprofloxacin ha ho na likokoana-hloko tse phehellang, 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, lisele tsa baktheria ha li na li-enzyme tse e thusang.

Litlamorao

Bohloko bo utloisang bohloko, ho hlohlona, ​​ho chesa, ho opa habohloko le mokokotlo oa mokokotlo oa mokokotlo, ho nyekelwa ke pelo, ka seoelo - ho ruruha ha leihlo, Photophobia, lacrimation, maikutlo a 'mele o tsoang ka ntle mahlong ka mor'a hore ho be le ts'ebetso e matla, ponahalo ea selikalikoe se selelele khalemela ho bakuli ba nang le lisele tsa corneal, keratitis, keratopathy, ponahalo ea matheba kapa ho kenella ka hare ho corneal, nts'etsopele ea bonohe.

Pharadodynamics

Ciprofloxacin e khelosa gyrase ea DNA ea sele ea kokoana-hloko, e thibela tšebetso ea li-topoisomerase tse amehang ho senoleng molek'hule ea DNA. Moriba o thibela ho kopitsoa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa libaktheria, ho thibela kholo ea le ho ikatisa ha likokoana-hloko. E na le phello ea "bactericidal" ea li -organism tse se nang gram-negative pathogenic e maemong a bataolang le a sebetsang. Libaktheria tse nang le grram li pepesetsoa lithibela-mafu feela nakong ea karohano. E nahanela ciprofloxacin:

• Likokoana-hloko tsa gram-negative aerobic (Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Cholera Vibrio, Serrations),
• likokoana-hloko tse ling tse mpe tsa gram-pseudomonads, moraxella, aeromonads, pasteurella, campylobacter, gonococcus, meningococcus),
• intracellular parasites (legionella, brucella, chlamydia, listeria, bacillus ea tuber, diphtheria bacillus),
• likokoana-hloko tsa gram tse ntle tsa aerobic (staphylococci, streptococcus).

Boikutlo bo fapaneng bo na le:

Lithethefatsi ha li ame:

• ureaplasma urealitikum,
• methapo ea moea e thibelang methicillin
• clostridia
• nocardia
• treponema pale.

Kholofala e tsoela pele butle. Kamora ts'ebeliso ea ciprofloxacin, libaktheria tse phehellang ha li sale. Ntle le moo, likokoana-hloko ha li hlahise li-enzyme tse senyang lithibela-mafu.

Mofumahali

Ha e sebelisoa sebakeng sa heno, sehlahisoa se senyenyane se kenngoa maling. Ciprofloxacin e bokellana liseleng tse amehang, e fana ka phello ea lehae. Metsoako ea lithibela-mafu e fumanehang ka mor'a metsotso e 60-90 kamora ts'ebetso ea mafura.

Sesebelisoa le litekanyetso

Mafura a 1-1,5 cm a tšeloa ka makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Li phekoloa matsatsi a mabeli, ka mor'a moo palo ea lits'ebetso e fokotsoa ho 2 ka letsatsi. Maemong a matla a lefu le tšoaetsanoang, mafura a sebelisoa ka mor'a lihora tse ling le tse tharo. Mekhoa e mengata ea ho ikatisa e ea fokotseha ha matšoao a ho ruruha habohloko a nyamela. Tsela ea kalafo ha ea lokela ho feta matsatsi a 14. Pele ho hlahisoa ha setlolo, eyelid e lula fatše. Setlolo se tlotsoa ka bonolo kahare ho mothapo ebe se kenngoa ka sehokelong sa khokahano. Mahloana aa lokolloa 'me a hatelloa hanyane khahlanong le leihlo la metsotsoana e 60-120. Kamora sena, mokuli o lokela ho robala ka mahlo a hae a koalletsoeng metsotso e 2-3.

Contraindication bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea mafura a ciprofloxacin

Setlhare ha se khone ho sebelisoa le:

• ho se mamellane ha ntho le mafolofolo le metsoako e thusang,
• vaerase conjunctivitis,
• mafu a fungal a leihlo.

Lethathamo la likhakanyo tse amanang le tsona li kenyelletsa:

• Lits'oants'o tse phatlalalitsoeng ka methapo ea methapo,
• kotsi e mpe ea methapo ea pelo
• ho eketseha ha boikemisetso.

Bongata

Ha o sebelisa mafura bakeng sa morero oa ona, ho ka etsahala hore overdose e se ke ea atleha. Haeba sethethefatsi se kena ka mpeng ka phoso, ho hlatsa, ho sesa, hlooho e bohloko, mehopolo e tšoenyehileng le maemo a ho akheha li etsahala. Thuso ea pele e kenyelletsa ho khutlisetsa tekanyo ea letsoai la metsi, ho eketsa acidity ea moroto, e thibelang ho etsoa ha majoe lipong le lesakeng.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi

Ts'ebeliso ea mafura a mangata e ka thusa ho eketsa khatello ea theophylline maling, ea fokotsa phallo ea caffeine le ho ntlafatsa phello ea li-anticoagulants tse sa tobang. Ts'ebeliso ea ciprofloxacin hammoho le cyclosporine e ka lebisa keketseho ea nakoana ea khatello ea "metabolinine" maling.

Lithethefatsi tse latelang li na le litlamorao tse tšoanang.

• Cypromed
• Tsiprolet,
• Oftocipro,
• Ciprofloxacin (marotholi),
• Ciprofloxacin (matlapa a koahetsoeng ka filimi).

Sebopeho sa pharmacological:

Pharadodynamics

Moemeli oa antimicrobial ea bongata bo bongata ba ketso ea sehlopha sa fluoroquinolones. E na le litlamorao tsa bactericidal. E hatella DNA gyrase mme e thibela likokoana-hloko tsa DNA.

E mafolofolo khahlano le libaktheria tse ngata tse seng ntle le gram: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

E sebetsa khahlanong le Staphylococcus spp. (ho kenyelletsa le ho hlahisa le ho se hlahise penicillinase, methapo ea methapo ea methapo), likarolo tse ling tsa Enterococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., Legionella spp. Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp. Mycobacterium spp.

Ciprofloxacin e sebetsa khahlano le libaktheria tse hlahisang beta-lactamase.

Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium hodima, asocides ea Nocardia a hanyetsa ciprofloxacin. Ketso e khahlano le Treponema pallidum ha e utloisisoe hantle.

Mofumahali

E kenelle ka potlako ho tsoa mokokotlong oa lijo. Ho bioavailability kamora tsamaiso ea molomo ke 70%. Ho ja hanyane ho ama ho kenngoa ha ciprofloxacin. Ho kopanya liprotheine tsa plasma ke 20-40%. E ajoa ka lisele le maro a 'mele. E kenella kahare ho mokelikeli oa "cerebrospinal fluid": li-ciprofloxacin tse nang le meninges e sa koaeloang li fihla ho 10%, ka tse nang le manonyeletso - ho fihla ho 37%. Ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho phahameng ho fihlella ka bile. E ts'oeroe moroto le bile.

Tekanyetso le tsamaiso:

Motho ka mong. Ka hare - 250-750 mg makhetlo a 2 / ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo e tsoa matsatsing a 7 ho isa ho a 4.

Bakeng sa tsamaiso ea methapo, lethal dose le le leng ke 200-400 mg, likhahla tsa tsamaiso ke makhetlo a 2 / letsatsi, nako ea kalafo ke libeke tse 1-2, haeba ho hlokahala ho feta. Ho a khonahala ho tsamaisa iv ka jete, empa haholo-holo, tsamaiso ea marang-rang bakeng sa metsotso e 30.

Ha e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o hlakileng, marotholi a 1-2 a kenyellelitsoe kahare e ka tlase ea conjunctival leihlo le leng le le leng la lihora tse 1-4. Kamora ho ntlafala, lipakeng tsa pakeng tsa li-instillations li ka eketseha.

Phaello ea letsatsi le letsatsi ho batho ba baholo, ha ho nkuoa ka molomo ke 1.5 g.

Litla-morao:

Ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea tšilo ea lijo: ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, lets'ollo, bohloko ba ka mpeng, ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea transpase ea hepatic, phosphatase ea alkal, LDH, bilirubin, pseudomembranous colitis.

Ho tloha lehlakoreng la tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng: hlooho e opang, ho tsekela, ho ikutloa o khathetse, ho ferekana ha boroko, ho lora bosiu, ho ba le lipono, ho akheha, ho ferekana hoa pono.

Ho tsoa ts'ebetsong ea moroto: crystalluria, glomerulonephritis, dysuria, polyuria, albinuria, hematuria, keketseho ea nakoana ea serum creatinine.

Ho tsoa ho sheropoietic system: eosinophilia, leukopenia, neutropenia, phetoho ea palo ea liplatelete.

Ho tloha lehlakoreng la tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo: tachycardia, ho tsitsinyeha ha morethetho oa pelo, hypotension ea methapo.

Litla-morao: pruritus, urticaria, edema ea Quincke, lefu la Stevens-Johnson, arthralgia.

Lintho tse mpe tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea chemotherapeutic: candidiasis.

Boitšoaro ba lehae: soreness, phlebitis (ka tsamaiso ea iv). Ka tšebeliso ea marotholi a mahlo, maemong a mang ho opa habohloko le hyperemia hypereia hoa khoneha.

Setlolo sa mofuta ofe

Se boleloang ke moriana o re ke sa sehlopha sa fluoroquinolones. Lintho tsa sehlopha sena li kenya letsoho ntoeng e sebetsang khahlanong le tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko e bakiloeng ke mofuta oa ponahalo ea bona ea aerobic.

Ketso e maemong a lehae, ke feela mofuta oa pompo oa tokollo o hlahisoang ka mokhoa o rarahaneng.

Phello ea kalafo e etsahala kamora nako e khuts'oane. Phekolo ha e na ho baka litla-morao tse ngata.

Mafura a kopthloxacin ophthalmic a thusa ho tlosa ka potlako le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng matšoao a lefu lena.

Sututho se sebetsang le sebopeho

Ka pelong ea phello ea bongaka 'meleng ke ntho e bitsoang ciprofloxacin.

E sebelisitsoe ts'ebetsong ea bongaka nako e telele 'me e se e khona ho itlhahisa e le sesebelisoa se hloahloa.

E ama limolek'hule tsa DNA tsa bacterium, e thibela kholo ea eona e eketsehileng le mesebetsi ea ho tsoala, e lebisang lefung ntle le monyetla oa ho khutla hape ka lefu lena.

Nakong ea litlhahlobo tsa bongaka, ho ile ha fumaneha hore mabapi le lits'oants'o tse ling, ts'ebetso ha e na thuso. Ke hore, maemong a joalo, ho hlokahala ho sebelisa marotholi a marotholi a leihlo la ciprofloxacin.

Moetso o kenyelletsa likarolo tse kang:

• hydrochloric acid (e hlapolotsoe),
• parafini ea metsi
• metsi a hloekisitsoeng
• Trilon B
• ciprofloxacin.

Bongata ba tsona ha li ame ho sebetsa ha 'mele.

Ha ho e-na le mamello, u se ke oa hlokomoloha tse hlokomelehang ka tlase. Sena se ka baka tšenyo e sa batleheng ea bophelo bo botle.

Baimana le ba lactating basali bongoaneng

Nakong ea bokhachane le lactation e hanyetsanoa. Ha ho mekhelo e etsoang leha phaello ho 'm'e e le kholo ho feta kotsi ho lesea.

Ho bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18, tšebeliso e thibetsoe ka molao.

Ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling:

Ka tšebeliso e tšoanang ea ciprofloxacin e nang le didanosine, monko oa ciprofloxacin o fokotsehile ka lebaka la sebopeho sa lisebelisoa tsa "profrofloxacin" tse nang le aluminium le "magnesium buffers" tse fumanehang ho didanosine.

Ka tšebeliso e tšoanang le warfarin, menyetla ea ho tsoa mali e eketseha.

Ka tšebeliso e tšoanang ea ciprofloxacin le theophylline, keketseho ea khatello ea theophylline ho plasma ea mali, keketseho ea T, e ka khonahala._1/2 theophylline, e lebisang kotsing e kholo ea ho ba le litlamorao tse chefo tse amanang le theophylline.

Ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ea li-antacids, hammoho le litokisetso tse nang le aluminium, zinki, tšepe kapa ion ea magnesium, li ka baka ho fokotseha ha ho kopitsoa ha profrofloxacin, ka hona nako ea nako pakeng tsa ho khethoa ha lithethefatsi tsena e lokela ho ba bonyane lihora tse 4.

Litaelo tse ikhethang

Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho sebetsa ha renal, ho hlokahala hore ba khalemeloe litekanyetso tsa meriana. E sebelisoa ka hlokolosi ho bakuli ba tsofetseng, ba nang le lefu la methapo ea mokokotlo, kotsi ea mokokotlo, lefu la sethoathoa, lefu le ferekanyang la etiology e sa tsejoeng.

Nakong ea kalafo, bakuli ba lokela ho fumana mokelikeli o lekaneng.

Bakeng sa letšollo le sa khaotseng, ciprofloxacin e lokela ho emisoa.

Ka tsamaiso e ts'oanang ea iv ea koprofloxacin le barbiturates, taolo ea sekhahla sa pelo, khatello ea mali, ECG e hlokahala. Nakong ea kalafo, ho hlokahala ho laola khatello ea mali ea urea, creatinine le hepatic transaminases maling.

Nakong ea kalafo, ho fokotseha ha reactivity ho ka etsahala (haholo-holo ha ho sebelisoa ka nako e le ngoe le joala).

Ho kenella ha ciprofloxacin subconjunctival kapa ka ho toba ka kamoreng e ka ntle ea mahlo ha ho lumelloe.

Ka mosebetsi o sa sebetseng oa renal

Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho sebetsa ha renal, ho hlokahala hore ba khalemeloe litekanyetso tsa meriana.

Sebelisa botsofaling

Sebelisa ka hloko ho bakuli ba tsofetseng.

Sebelisa bongoaneng

E kopantsoe le bana le bacha ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 15.

Matšoao a lithethefatsi

Mafu a tšoaetsanoang le a tšoaetsanoang a bakoang ke likokoana-hloko tse arabang li-profrofloxacin, ho kenyeletsoa mafu a methapo ea ho hema, masapo a ka mpeng le litho tsa kahare, masapo, manonyeletso, letlalo, septicemia, ts'oaetso e matla ea litho tsa ENT. Phekolo ea tšoaetso ea postoperative. Thibelo le kalafo ea tšoaetso ho bakuli ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokotsitsoeng.

Bakeng sa tšebeliso ea li-topical: conjunctivitis e hlobaetsang le ea subacute, blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, ulcers ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, dacryocystitis e sa foleng, meibomites. Marang-rang a nang le tšoaetso ea mahlo ka mor'a ho lemala kapa litopo tsa basele. Prophylaxis e sebetsang ts'ebetsong ea bongaka ba mahlo.

Melemo ea litekanyetso

Motho ka mong. Ka hare - 250-750 mg makhetlo a 2 / ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo e tsoa matsatsing a 7 ho isa ho a 4.

Bakeng sa tsamaiso ea methapo, lethal dose le le leng ke 200-400 mg, likhahla tsa tsamaiso ke makhetlo a 2 / letsatsi, nako ea kalafo ke libeke tse 1-2, haeba ho hlokahala ho feta. Ho a khonahala ho tsamaisa iv ka jete, empa haholo-holo, tsamaiso ea marang-rang bakeng sa metsotso e 30.

Ha e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o hlakileng, marotholi a 1-2 a kenyellelitsoe kahare e ka tlase ea conjunctival leihlo le leng le le leng la lihora tse 1-4. Kamora ho ntlafala, lipakeng tsa pakeng tsa li-instillations li ka eketseha.

Sekhahla se phahameng sa letsatsi bakeng sa batho ba baholo ha se nooa ka molomo ke 1.5 g.