Na hoa khoneha ho ja chokolete e nang le cholesterol e phahameng?
Chocolate le cholesterol li amana haufi, kahoo meno a mangata a monate a tšaba ho sebelisa sehlahisoa sena seo a se ratang. Empa ha se mefuta eohle ea chokolete e kenyang k'holeseterole e phahameng ea mali. Mme leha ho le joalo u ke ke ua ja liswiti ka bongata bo sa lekanyetsoang, hobane u ka fumana li-caries, boima bo feteletseng, mathata a letlalo, cholesterol e phahameng. Batho ba nang le atherosclerosis, ha u khetha sehlahisoa sena, u lokela ho ithuta sebopeho sa eona ka hloko.
Tlhahiso ea Chocolate
Boleng ba lijo bo bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho motho ofe kapa ofe, haholo ho batho ba nang le cholesterol e phahameng. Ho utloisisa hore na ho ka khoneha ho ja sehlahisoa se itseng, o hloka ho tseba sebopeho sa eona. Hlokomela hore lijo tse nang le mafura li eketsa li-plaque leboteng la methapo ea mali.
Tsela ea khale ea chokolete e na le phofo ea cocoa, e kenyeletsang:
- mafura a meroho
- protheine
- lik'habohaedreite.
100 g ea sehlahisoa sena e na le mafura a ka bang 30- 35 g, e batlang e le halofo ea lijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ke batho. Hoa tsebahala hore ho banna ho tloha ho 70 ho isa ho 150 g, le bakeng sa basali - ho tloha ho 60 ho isa ho 120 g. Haeba motho a le bothata ba atherosclerosis, sekhahla sa hae sa mafura ke 80 g.
Ho ipapisitsoe le sebopeho, mefuta e latelang ea fantisi ena e khetholloa:
- Chokolete e lefifi (e ntsho) - e entsoeng ka linaoa tsa cocoa, tsoekere le botoro ea cocoa, e tiile ebile e tšoarella.
- Chokolete ea lebese - e bōpiloe ho tsoa metsoako e ts'oanang le e ntšo, ka tlatsetso ea phofo ea lebese. Mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa o monate ebile o qhibiliha habonolo molomong.
- Chokolete e tšoeu - e hlahisitsoeng ntle le ho eketsoa phofo ea cocoa, e kenyeletsa tsoekere, botoro ea cocoa, phofo ea lebese le vanillin. E qhibiliha habonolo esita le mochesong o mongata oa moea.
Empa kaha mohloli oa lipids ke mafura a liphoofolo, ho molemo ho khetha sehlahisoa se hloekileng ntle le ho kenyelletsa lebese le litšila tse ling. Ha ua lokela ho reka chokolete ka boteng ba oli ea palema, oli ea haedrojene le metsoako e meng e sa pheleng hantle bakeng sa bophelo bo botle.
Ke chokolete efe eo u lokelang ho e khetha ka k'holeseterole e phahameng?
Kahoo, potsong, na ho a khoneha ho ja chokolete e nang le cholesterol e phahameng, karabo ke e, empa ka meeli e itseng. Ho molemo ho fana ka khetho ho tse bohloko, hobane mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa o sireletsehile haholo ho lefu la atherosmithosis ebile o thusa ho loants'a lipids tse ngata. Ntho ea bohlokoa ke hore sehlahisoa se na le bonyane cocoa ea 70%.
Ha ho fumanoa lipilisi tse ngata tse phahameng maling, ngaka e tlang e fana ka lijo tse khethehileng tse fanang ka phepo e nepahetseng. Lijo tsena li fokotsa ho nona ha mafura a liphoofolo ebile li na le mafura a mangata a omega-3, 6, le 9.
Hangata karolo ea lijo tsena ke chokolete e lefifi. Mofuta ona o nkuoa e le oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, kaha o na le magnesium, iron, potasium, theobromine, vithamini A. Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke se ka tlase se fumanehang ka k'holeseterole e ka har'a chokolete ke 8 g ho bar e 100-gram. Ho bohlokoa ho ja ka likarolo tse nyane, eseng terata e fapaneng ka nako. Mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa o qhibiliha molomong ka nako e telele, hore o tle o tsebe ho lekana mme o natefeloe ke tatso le sengoathoana.
Lingaka li hlokomela hore chokolete e lefifi e nang le k'holeseterole e ama ho hloekisoa ha methapo ea mali le methapo ea mali ho tsoa linthong tse kotsi, e fokotsa kotsi ea likotsi tsa mali. E boetse e tsitsisa khatello ea mali hape e khothaletsa tokollo ea endorphin - e leng hormone ea thabo. Empa ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore e na le theobromine, eo maemong a eona e ts'oanang le caffeine, ka hona ho molemo ho se e sebelise pele u robala.
Kahoo, k'holeseterole ea chokolete e hlile ha e eo, 'me e ka nooa ke batho ba nang le atherosulinosis.
Chokolete e lefifi e na le tatso e bohloko ho feta, empa ho boetse ho na le monate o lefifi o nang le karolo e kholo ea cocoa mme ho bonolo ho e tloaela.
Mefuta ea chokolete
Ho latela sebopeho sa likarolo, ho na le mefuta ea lihlahisoa tsa chokolete:
Mefuta ea chokolete | Palo ea cocoa ka sehlahisoa |
---|---|
Bohloko | 60.0% ho 99.0% |
Ntsho | 45.0% ho 50.0% |
Bosoeu | ha ho phofo ea cocoa |
Chokoleti ea lebese | Ho fihlela ho 30.0%, hammoho le lifilimili tsa chokolete |
E boetse e teng:
- Cholese ea Porous e bua ka mofuta oa lebese ka bongata ba phofo ea cocoa ho eona,
- Sehlahisoa sa lijo ka har'a lijo tse tsoekere tse tšoeu tse kentsoeng tsoekere,
- Khanya ea chokolete bakeng sa lipompong le lihlahisoa tsa confectionery,
- Chocolate phofo bakeng sa ho etsa seno se chesang.
Mefuta ea sehlahisoa sa chokolete
Haeba sehlahisoa sa chokolete se entsoe ho latela risepe ea khale, joale e na le likarolo tse joalo. Matšoao a fanoa ka tekanyo ea ligrama tse 100.0:
Liphetoho tsa liprotheine | Mafura | Lik'habohaedreite | Litaba tsa khalori |
---|---|---|---|
ho tloha 5.0% ho isa ho 8,0% | 0.38 | 5.0% ho isa ho 63.0% | Ho feta 600 kcal |
Chocolate Fatty Acids
Lithako tsa mafura ka har'a chokolete li na le motheo oa semela, mme ke mafura a liphoofolo feela a eketsang cholesterol. Ka hona, ho pakiloe hore chokolete ha e na limolek'hule tsa cholesterol.
Sehlahisoa sa chokolete ka sebopeho sa sona se na le mefuta e latelang ea acid:
Mofuta oa asiti | Karolelano ea liperesente tsa sehlahisoa |
---|---|
Oleic Fat e Leroe acid | 35.0% ho 41.0% |
Stearin | 34.0% ho 39.0% |
Palmitic fatty acid | 25,0% — 30,0% |
Linoleic PNA acid | Ho fihla ho 5.0% |
Acid e nang le mafura a nang le mafura a mangata ke motsoako o nang le mafura a mangata hobane o thusa ho fokotsa cholesterol e ngata.
Oleic acid e boetse e fumaneha ka oli le litholoana, tse har'a lijo tse hlano tse hlokahalang haholo tse nang le index ea cholesterol e phahameng: oli ea mohloaare le li-avocados.
Asiti ena ke karolo ea sehlopha sa acid sa Omega-6.
Stearic fat-saturated acid ha e phahamise index ea cholesterol, hobane ha e anngoe ke 'mele ka 95.0% mme kapele e e tlohela e sa fetoloe ka tšilong ea lijo.
Mafura a linoleic a kopantsoeng, e leng karolo ea sehlopha sa omega-3 acid mme e le asiti ea bohlokoa e lokelang ho kenngoa, le eona e khona ho se ke oa eketsa index ea cholesterol, empa e le ho fokotsa khatello ea eona ha e kopantsoe le li-acid tse ling tsa omega-3.
Boteng ba mofuta ona oa asene ka chokolete ke monyetla oa sopho ea chokolete ho feta ba bang, hobane sopho ena e ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ka index ea cholesterol e phahameng.
Palmitic acid ke eona feela acid e nang le mafura a mangata e kotsi 'meleng ebile e ka eketsa index ea cholesterol.
E le karolo ea botoro ea cocoa, e etsa 25.0% ea palo e felletseng ea acid e nang le mafura, ka hona e ke ke ea khona ho eketsa haholo index ea k'holeseterole ho fapana le li-acid tse molemo tse sebopeho.
Palmitic acid ke eona feela acid e mafura a mangata e kotsi 'meleng ebile e ka eketsa cholesterol
Melemo e molemo ea chokolete
Melemo ea sehlahisoa sena e fumaneha ka har'a cocoa eo chocolate e entsoeng ho eona. Cocoa kernel, e nang le botoro ea cocoa, e nang le metsoako e mengata ea li-vithamine le liminerale.
Lintho tse ling tse sebetsang tse hlahisoang ke phofo ea cocoa le botoro:
- Karolo ea chokolete e na le li-alkaloid tse kang caffeine le theobromine alkaloid, tse thusang ho hlophisoa ha lihormone tsa endorphin. Matsapa a thabo a eketsa matla, a eketsa ts'ebetso ea boko, e ntlafatsang mohopolo le tlhokomelo, hape e ntlafatsa boleng ba mohopolo,
- Ho tloha ho endorphins, mohopolo oa motho oa phahama, 'me lits'ebetso tsohle tsa tsamaiso ea methapo li butsoe, tse fokotsang matla a hlooho ea hlooho,
- Li-endorphin li theola khatello e phahameng ea mali ho khatello ea mali,
- Theobromine e nang le koae e ntlafatsa tsoekere e ngata 'meleng.
Merafo e thata ka chokolete:
- Magnesium e loants'a khatello ea methapo le khatello ea maikutlo, e kenya tšebetsong ts'ebetso ea boits'ireletso ba mmele, 'me e thusa ho sebetsa ka tsela e tloaelehileng ea setho sa pelo le tsamaiso ea mali. Magnesium e boetse e laola ho lekana ha cholesterol 'meleng. E hanela khatello ea maikutlo, e ntlafatsa boleng ba mohopolo,
- Potasiamo ka linaoa tsa cocoa e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea pelo ea pelo, hammoho le lisebelisoa tsohle tsa mesifa. Ka thuso ea potasiamo, likhetla tsa likhoele tsa methapo lia ntlafala. Potasiamo e thusa ho qhibilihisa neoplasms ea atherosselotic methapong e ka sehloohong ea methapo, le ho e tlisa ka ntle ho 'mele,
- Fluoride e ea hlokahala bakeng sa ho thehwa le ho boloka boleng ba likhetla tsa meno,
- K'halsiamo e thibela masapo a brittle, 'me ke setsi sa tsamaiso ea masapo a motho,
- Phosphorus e kenya tšebetsong microcirculation bokong, e leng ho eketsang bohlale le tšebetso ea boko. Boleng ba pono le ho hopola bo ea ntlafala
- Iron e thibela nts'etsopele ea phokolo ea mali ka ho eketsa index ea hemoglobin, hape e thusa ho imolla khatello ea methapo ea kutlo, e ntlafatsang phallo ea mali le ho thusa 'mele ho qoba ho eketsa index ea cholesterol.
Fluoride e ea hlokahala bakeng sa ho thehwa le ho boloka boleng ba likhetla tsa meno
Vithamine e thata ka chokolete
Lethathamo la Vitamin | Lisebelisoa tse sebetsang |
---|---|
Vitamin A | · E ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebopeho sa bonono, |
· E sebetsa boits'ireletso, | |
· E boloka epithelium e ntle ea letlalo, | |
· E matlafatsa mesifa ea lesapo. | |
B1 (Vitamin Thiamine) | · E thibela ho pepeta ha mesifa ea mesifa, |
· E ntlafatsa maseli a kelello bokong, | |
· E khutlisa bokhoni ba kelello ba ho hloka tsebo, | |
· E ntlafatsa mohopolo, | |
· Ho bana ho thibela ts'oaetso ea lefu lena le liehang ho holisa 'mele le kelello. | |
B2 (Vitamin Riboflavin) | · E laola kholo ea lisele, |
· Ke boikarabello bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea ho ikatisa 'meleng, | |
· E nka karolo ho lipid metabolism le ho fokotsa maemo a phahameng a lipid, | |
· E nka karolo litekanyetsong tsa erythrocyte, | |
· E khutlisetsa boleng ba poleiti ea lipekere le moriri. | |
B3 (PP - Niacin) | · Lowers cholesterol index. |
B5 (pantothenic asiti) | Acid e laola mefuta ea lihormone ke lisele tsa adrenal, |
· E theolela index ea k'holeseterole e mpe, | |
· E khutlisa tšebetso ea mucous ea membrane ea tšilo ea lijo. | |
B6 (pyridoxine) | · E nka karolo sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, |
· E ea hlokahala bakeng sa metabolism e tloaelehileng ea protheine, | |
· E lokisa ho leka-lekana ha lipid le ho fokotsa index ea cholesterol, | |
· E thusa li-membrane tsa methapo hore li fetole limolek'hule tsa tsoekere. | |
B11 (L-carnitine) | · E ntlafatsa boemo ba setho sa renal nakong ea haemodialysis, |
· E fokotsa likhohlano mesifa ea myocardium le methapong ea pelo. | |
B12 (cobalamins) | · E kenya letsoho ho hlapolloang ha mali a plasma, e thibela thrombosis, |
· E thibela nts'etsopele ea phokolo ea mali, | |
E thusa ho qoba khatello ea maikutlo. | |
E (Vitamin Tocopherol) | Ho thibela oxidation ea k'holeseterole sebopeho sa lisele tsa kahare, |
· Antioxidant ea tlhaho e khothalletsang nchafatso ea sele, | |
· E ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea pelehi ho banna le ba batšehali, | |
Ho sireletsa 'mele khaellong ea mofetše. | |
Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) | Vithamine ea hlokahala ho haha lisebelisoa tsa masapo le mesifa. |
· Ho bana thibela ho nts'etsopele ea li-rickets, | |
· Ha e lumelle lefu la ho fokola ha masapo hore le holise ho ba motho e moholo. |
Li-flavonoids tsa chokolete
Li-Flavonoids ke li-polyphenols tse etsahalang ka tlhaho li-antioxidants. Bongata ba likarolo tsena li sebopeho sa cocoa, e sebelisetsoang ho etsa sopho ea chokolete. Li-Flavonoids li fumanoa ka bongata feela ka chokolete e bohloko kapa e lefifi.
Ka mofuta o mosoeu oa lijo tse theolelang, ha li eo ho hang, liperesente tse nyane li ka sehlahisoa sa chokolete ea porous le ea lebese.
Hape, palo ea li-flavonoid e ka fapana ka mefuta e fapaneng ea mefuta e bohloko le e ntšo, hona ho ipapisitse le sebaka sa kholo ea linaoa tsa cocoa le mefuta e fapaneng ea lifate tsa cocoa.
Hape, tšebeliso ea li-flavonoids 'meleng le tsona li itšetlehile ka likarolo tse fumanehang ka har'a bareng ea chokolete, tseo tse ling tsa tsona li khonang ho li monya ke' mele, ha tse ling li fapana le hoo.
Lintho tsa Flavonoid 'meleng:
- Phetoho e nchafatsang lisele tsa 'mele,
- Phello ea hemorrhaging
- Matla a antibacteria 'meleng,
- Sireletsa tlhaselo ea karolo ea methapo ea kutlo ho tloha ho hlahisa limolek'hule tsa cholesterol e ntle ho eona.
Phello e nchafatsang lisele tsa 'mele
Sopho ea chokolete e nang le cholesterol e phahameng
Ka index ea "cholesterol" e phahameng, ke sessert e le lefifi feela le sessert e bohloko e ka sebelisoang e le lijo, moo cocoa e seng tlase ho 50.0%.
Ligrama tse 50.0 tsa chokolete e lefifi e lefifi ka ts'ebeliso e tloaelehileng e theola index ea cholesterol ka 10,0%. Chokolete e lefifi ka thepa ea eona e sebetsang e haufi haholo le seno sa chokolete seo thepa ea sona e kileng ea lekoa bakeng sa millennia.
Kajeno ha ho rekisoa har'a lijo tse ngata tse ntle tsa chokolete, tsokolate e lefifi ha se khetho e ntle.
Ntle le chokolete e bohloko e lefifi, e nang le index ea cholesterol e phahameng, mefuta e meng ea lijo tse tsoekere ea chokolete e ka se jeoe, hobane e na le kokoana e nyane, 'me mafura a trans, mafura a liphoofolo a haneloang ka thata ka index ea k'holeseterole e phahameng.
Haeba u ja ligrama tse 50 tsa lebese kapa chokolete e halikiloeng ka letsatsi, index ea cholesterol e tla eketseha ka 25.0%, e leng ho tla baka kotsi e kholo ho lipid balance le mokhatlong oa pelo.
Ka keketseho e joalo, karoloana ea LDL e na le monyetla ho phallo ea mali, ka lebaka leo limolek'hule tse phahameng tsa methapo ea kutlo li lula mokokotlong oa arterial endophelium, li etsa neoplasm.
Chokolete e tšoeu e na le botoro e nyane ea cocoa, hape e na le liphoofolo le mafura a trans. Ha ho na molemo oa letho ka sessert e tšoeu ea chokolete, 'me tšenyo ea mali e kholo, hobane eona, joalo ka lebese, e kenyelletsa keketseho ea cholesterol index.
Ka k'holeseterole e phahameng, chokolete e lokela ho jeoa hobane phofo ea cocoa e na le thepa ea ho fokotsa lipid le ho lokisa ho leka-lekana ha lipid.
Ka khetho e nepahetseng ea mefuta le ts'ebeliso, melemo ea chokolete e nang le cholesterol e ngata haholo.
Melemo ea chokolete bakeng sa tsamaiso ea pelo le pelo
- Theobromine, kofi. Li-alkaloid ka bobeli ke li-stimulants tsa tlhaho. Ba eketsa bokhoni ba ho tsepamisa mohopolo, mosebetsi oa botsebi, ho tlosa ho otsela, ho hloka thahasello.
- Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Retinol (Vitamin A). Ka lebaka la ho kopantsoe le mafura, livithamini tsena li ananeloa hantle ke 'mele. Li-antioxidants, li fokotsa phallo ea mali, cholesterol, li matlafatsa marako a methapo ea mali, li ama sesole sa 'mele le boemo ba letlalo.
- Calciferol (Vitamin D). Ho ja ntho ena ka botlalo letsatsi le leng le le leng ke thibelo e sebetsang ea mafu a pelo, botenya le khatello ea maikutlo.
- Livithamini tse 'maloa tsa sehlopha sa B. Ha li kopana le livithamini tsa antioxidant, lintho tsa sehlopha sena li thibela ho hlahisoa ha li-cholesterol plaque ho endothelium ea methapo.
- Lintho tsa bohlokoa tsa mohlala. 100 g ea cocoa ea fatše e na le tloaelo ea magnesium ea letsatsi le letsatsi, 250% ea tlhoko ea koporo ea letsatsi le letsatsi, 75% ea potasiamo e hlokahalang, 65% ea phosphorus le zinki, 10% ea calcium, ho feta 100% ea tšepe e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho etsoa ha mali.
- Tryptophan. Amino acid ke motheo oa ho thehoa ha "hormone ea thabo" serotonin. Haeba u ja 50 g ea mefuta e bohloko ka ho fetisisa ea chokolete letsatsi le leng le le leng, u ka itšireletsa ka mokhoa o hlakileng ho tloha ho phatloha kapa ho hloka thahasello.
- Li-acid tse monounsaturated. Mafura a sa lomosoang a kenya letsoho ho thehoeng lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo, tse tsamaisang k'holeseterole e ngata leseleng.
Chokolete ha e ratehe ho sebelisoa le:
- gout (e leng metsoako ea purine e mpefatsa boemo ba lefu lena).
- lefu la tsoekere (ntle le lithaelete tsa tsoekere),
- allergy ho lihlahisoa tsa cocoa.
- mafu a pelo (alkaloids a ka tsosa tachycardia, khatello e eketsehileng).
- gastrointestinal ulcer, gastritis, ho ruruha ha manyeme.
Nakong ea kemolo le ho anyesa, lihlahisoa tsa cocoa li lokela ho sebelisoa ka hloko, feela ka mor'a ho buisana le ngaka ea mafu a basali le ngaka ea bana.
Melemo ea sehlahisoa leha e le sefe ho atherosulinosis e khethoa ke lintlha tse peli: ho ba teng ha cholesterol seboping sa eona le bokhoni ba ho susumetsa ho hlaka ha eona maling. Leha ho na le mafura a mangata - ho feta 30 g ho 100 g ea sehlahisoa sa cholesterol ho sona, ke 8 mg feela ka 100 g.
Lijo tsa chokolete
Ho latela se fumanoeng ke bafuputsi ba Amerika, tšebeliso e tloaelehileng ea lipompong tsa linaoa tsa cocoa e fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke pelo le stroke. Bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu la ho ruruha, ba bile ba khothaletsa lijo tse khethehileng tsa chokolete.
Morero oa ona o bobebe haholo: menu ea mafura a tlase (e seng tse fetang 60-70 g ea lipids ka letsatsi) e kopantsoe le palo e kholo ea mehloli ea lihlahisoa tsa protheine, fiber le cocoa. Palo ea mafura a liphoofolo e lokela ho fokotsoa: karolo ea lipid ea lijo e koahetsoe ke oli ea lihlapi le meroho (linseed, mokopu, mohloaare). Ho feta moo, letsatsi le leng le le leng ho fihlela 17.00 ho hlokahala hore o je 50-70 g ea chokolete e lefifi. Kamora lihora tse peli ka mor'a lipompong, o hloka ho hana lijo.
Seno se hlasimollang se khahlanong le atherosulinosis
Grate bar ea chokolete e babang (60-70% cocoa) ho grater e tšesaane, e tšeloe ka senoelo se seholo ka bateng ea metsi. Kenya likhaba tse 1-2 tsa tsoekere kapa fructose. Ha u ntse u futhumala, butsa boima ho fihlela bo boreleli, ebe u tšela kopi ea metsi ea 0,5-1, sinamone, pepere ea pepere, ginger e omisitsoeng ho latsoa. Kamora ho hlohlelletsa, eketsa biri ka senoelo sa starch. Kamora ho e boloka e tuka ka mollo metsotso e meng e meraro e meraro, e tlose, tloha ho ea pholile.
Ho etsa hore seno se be seholo le ho feta, ho fapana le metsi, o ka nka lebese la almond kapa la coconut.
Melao ea Khetho ea Li-Chocolate
Ke chokolete efe e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa, 'me ke efe e lokelang ho qheleloa ka thoko bakeng sa mafu afe kapa afe a methapo ea pelo?
- Chokolete e lefifi e na le lihlahisoa tsa cocoa tsa 56% ho isa ho 99%, khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa mathata a metabolism ea lipid.
- Chokolete e lefifi ea khale, joalo ka “molekane” oa hae ea babang, hangata ha e na mafura a liphoofolo. Tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke mefuta e nang le kakaretso ea cocoa ea grated ea cocoa le cocoa ka holimo ho 45%.
- Milky Kakaretso ea lihlahisoa tsa cocoa ka mefuta ea lebese ke 30%. Ha ua lokela ho sebelisa chokolete e joalo ka cholesterol e phahameng: palo ea mafura a liphoofolo ho eona e kholo haholo.
- Bosoeu Lintho tsena tse sa tšoaneng ha li na thuso feela, empa li kotsi methapong ea mali. E na le botoro ea cocoa ea 20% feela, 'me tse ling kaofela li entsoe ka tsoekere, lebese la phofo.
- Lefu la tsoekere Subspecies ena e arohane le ba bang, kaha e ka ba e bohloko kapa e Milky. Sebakeng sa tsoekere e tšoeu, fructose kapa li-sweeteners tse ling li eketsoa lithaereng.
Lintho tse hlophisitsoeng ke bangoli ba projeke
ho latela leano la ho hlophisa sa sebaka seo.
Re utloisisa sebopeho
Boithuto bo bontšitse hore chokolete e lefifi e ka ba hantle bakeng sa pelo. E entsoe ka linaoa tsa cocoa, 'me e na le li-flavonoids (hantle-ntle, li-flavanols), tseo e leng li-antioxidants.
Li-antioxidants tse khahlanong le oxidation - karabelo e kotsi ea lik'hemik'hale e etsahalang 'meleng oa rona. Kahoo, oxidation ea "mpe" cholesterol e kenya letsoho kholisong ea mafu a pelo (ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore cholesterol e "mpe" e mpe haholo, e nka karolo lits'ebetsong tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa mmele, empa e ba kotsi nakong ea oxidation).
Hopola hore chokolete ha se sehlahisoa sa khalori e tlase. Ho e sebelisa khafetsa ho ka baka botenya, boo ka bo eona e seng e le sesosa sa lefu la pelo. Ka hona, chokolete e lefifi ea boleng bo tlase (eseng ho feta ligrama tse 50 ka letsatsi), hammoho le phepo e nepahetseng le mokhoa oa bophelo li ka ba hantle bakeng sa pelo ea hau.
Chokolete ea boleng bo phahameng e na le botoro e ngata ea cocoa, e senang cholesterol, hobane sehlahisoa sena se nts'oa linaoa tsa cocoa. Botoro ea cocoa e na le mefuta e meraro ea acid e mafura:
- Palmitic - mafura a tletse (ka bongata),
- stearin - mafura a tlala a sa ameng cholesterol,
- oleic - mafura a monounsaturated, a ka re sirelletsang ho tsoa ho mafu a mangata, ho kenyelletsa le lefu la pelo.
Li-Chips tsa chokolete e phahameng ea Cholesterol
Ho thibela sessert ea chokolete hore e se ke ea lematsa mmele, o tlameha ho latela melao ea ts'ebeliso ea eona:
- Ho hotle ho ja lihlahisoa tsa chokolete tse babang feela mme eseng ho feta ligrama tse 50.0 ka letsatsi,
- Sessert ea chisi ea lebese e ke ke ea feta index ea cholesterol feela, empa e ka baka le botenya 'meleng le liseleng tsa sebete, haholoholo bongoaneng. Sesosa sa ho bola ha leino baneng ba banyenyane ke cheseho e fetelletseng ea lihlahisoa tsa sopho ea chokolete,
- Ligrama tse 20,0 tsa sesebelisoa se sesoeu sa chokolete e tšoeu e phahamisa index ea cholesterol ka 1.80 mmol / litha. Ho lemalla chokolete e tšoeu ho lebisa ho sete ea boima ba 'mele kapele, haholoholo baneng,
- Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore sehlahisoa sa chokolete e babang ea boleng bo tlaase ha se theko e tlase, 'me fakes ea eona e theko e tlase ha e fane ka tiiso bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea sessert e phetseng hantle,
- Ha u khetha chokolete, bala ka hloko litaelo tsa mafura a liphoofolo le mafura a sehlahisoa ha ea lokela ho ba ho hang,
- Pele u fa ngoana chokolete e nyane, o lokela ho buisana le ngaka ea bana.
Sehlahisoa sa "chokolete e bohloko" ha se theko e tlase
Thepa e sebetsang le sebopeho
Mefuta e latelang ea chokolete e khetholloa ho latela theknoloji ea sebopeho le boitokiso:
Mefuta e fapaneng ea tsena ke li-porous, lefu la tsoekere (le li-sweeteners) le mefuta e meng ea lihlahisoa tsa chokolete. Ho latela risepe ea khale, chokolete e na le protheine ea 6-7%, mafura a 38-40%, lik'habohaedreite tse 6,6%. Chocolate e na le limatlafatsi tse ngata:
Mofuta o baba oa chokolete o na le limatlafatsi tse ngata - ho latela likarolo, liminerale le cocoa. Bosoeu le lebese ha li sebelisoe haholo molemong oa bongaka, hobane li na le lintho tse ngata tse ka nkeloang, lintho tse ling tse bolokiloeng - mafura, tsoekere, lebese, tseo ka bo tsona li sa lumelloeng ho motho e mong le e mong ea kulang.
Na hoa khoneha ho ja chokolete ka cholesterol e phahameng
100 g ea chokolete e na le mafura a ka bang 35 g - hoo e ka bang halofo ea lijo tsa motho ea phetseng hantle letsatsi le letsatsi. Empa cholesterol e kena 'meleng ka mafura. Na ho na le moo chokolete e kenyang k'holeseterole? Che, ha a e eketse, hobane ka linaoa tsa cocoa moo sopho ena e entsoeng ka teng, mafura a entsoe ka semela le semelo, 'me ha a bapisoa le mafura a liphoofolo, khatello ea cholesterol ho tsona ha e bohlokoa. Ka hona chokolete e nang le cholesterol e phahameng e ka jeoaempa feela mofuta o itseng.
Ke chokolete efe eo u lokelang ho e khetha ka k'holeseterole e phahameng
Ha ho na kotsi, ho rona e ka nahanoa feela chokolete e lefifi ea tlhaho. E na le litekanyo tse phahameng haholo tsa phofo ea cocoa e hloekileng. Li-Chocolates le lihlahisoa tse ling tse entsoeng ka chokolete e tšoeu le ea lebese ha li na bokhoni bo hlalositsoeng hantle, li eketsa cholesterol, ka lebaka la bongata ba mefuta e mengata ea tlatsetso le lifilimi.
Litsebi tsa phepo le litsebi tse ling, motheong oa lithuto tse 'maloa, li lumela hore chokolete e lefifi e eketsa bongata ba cholesterol e nang le molemo - HDL (lipalo tse phahameng tsa methapo ea kutlo), mme ka ho tšoana e fokotsa karolo e mpe ea cholesterol - LDL (lipdroteins tse tlase).
Ho fihlella phello - ja chokolete e lefifi ka 50 g ka letsatsi. Batho ba ratang mefuta e tšoeu, empa ba na le mathata a ho leka-lekana ha cholesterol, ba lokela ho fetola litakatso tsa bona ka ho eketsa mefuta e lefifi lijong le ho se kenye tse tlotsitsoeng ka lebese.
Ho lebisoa tlhokomelo e khethehileng ho boleng ba sehlahisoa se rekiloeng. Ha u reka, o lokela ho ela hloko litlhaloso tsa sebopeho. Methapo e meholo le e tsitsitseng ha ea lokela ho kenyelletsoa sehlahisoa sa tlhaho. Ho thatafala le ho fokola ha tumellano ho paka letsoalo la moetsi le hore chate e joalo ea chokolete e tla u tsoela molemo.
Matla a cocoa ho k'holeseterole
Cocoa e na le mefuta e latelang ea mafura: oleic fatty acid (hoo e ka bang 40%), stearic (35-37%), Palmitic (24-30%) le linoleic (ka tlase ho 5%) acid. Ea pele ho tsena - oleic FA (mafura acid) - ke mofuta o sebetsang oa mafura. E fokotsa cholesterol mme e ntlafatsa sebopeho sa mali. Leha ho na le liperesente tse nyane haholo, linoleic acid e ananeloa haholo ka linaoa tsa cocoa. E har'a a bohlokoa haholo, empa ha e hlahisoe ke 'mele mme e ka tla ho rona ka lijo.
Hape ka sebopeho sa chokolete e babang ka bongata bo boholo ho na le li-flavanoid, e leng li-antioxidants tse sebetsang. Ba joalo matlafatsa vasotine endothelium (lebota la bona le kahare ho lumen), ponahalo e tlase ea mali le fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le atherosulinosis. Li-vithamini A, D, E, sehlopha B le tsona li bapala karolo ea tsona ho rarolla mathata a cholesterol. Tsona, hammoho le likarolo tsa mohlala, li sebetsa seleng ea lisele le ea limolek'hule le o folisa mmele botebong bo tebileng.
Melao ea ho ja chokolete ka cholesterol e phahameng
Sehlahisoa se monate le se ratoang ke motho e mong le e mong sehlahisoa seo re se hlokometseng kajeno se lokela ho sebelisoa ka hloko, leha e le bophara ba thepa ea bona e molemo. Joalo ka ntho leha e le efe e 'ngoe, e na le eona palo ea likotlo. Ho latela mefuta-futa:
- Lijo tsa lebese li na le lik'habohaedreite tse ngata tse bonolo mme ka hona li khothaletsoa haholo bakeng sa batho ba boima haholo.
- Lefu la tsoekere. Batho ba nang le lefu lena ba hloka ho khetholla lijo tsohle tse nang le tsoekere lijong tsa bona. Ke chokolete e lefifi feela e seng kotsi - ke sehlahisoa sa ho ja se nang le index e tlase ea glycemic.
- Litla-morao.
- Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e le activator tsamaisong ea methapo, lihlahisoa tsa chokolete ha li hlahisoe bakeng sa ho hloka boroko le mathata a ho robala.
- Nakong ea kemolo, tšebeliso ea kamehla ea lijo tse monate e ka lebisa ho boima bo sa hlokahaleng ba 'mele, bo ka amang kholo ea lesea le boemo ba mme oa ngoana ea e-so hlahe, ka hona, nakong ena, lihlahisoa tsa chokolete li khothalletsoa ho jelloa ka bongata bo bongata.
Boithuto ke litsebi li re chokolete e nang le cocoa e kaholimo ho 60% e na le thepa ea bohlokoa ea anti-cholesterol. Mefuta e lefifi ea boleng bo holimo ha e khutlise boemo ba 'mele ba cholesterol feela, empa e boetse e etsa hore mosebetsi le maemo a lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa' mele ea rona li sebetse hantle.
Ts'ebeliso e nang le bokhoni ea chokolete ka tekanyo e lekaneng ho sa hlokahale hore e be le li-contraindication e tla kenya letsoho ho phahamisa mohopolo le ho phela hantle, hammoho le maemong ohle a bophelo bo botle.
Khemistri e 'ngoe
Bohareng ba bo-1990, ha ho etsoa lithuto tsa pele mabapi le chokolete le cholesterol, litsebi tsa phepo ha li khothaletse sehlahisoa sena. Leha ho le joalo, ho ile ha fumaneha hore chokolete ntlheng ena e ne e se mpe ho feta lijo tse ling tsa carb tse phahameng. Ntle le moo, sehlahisoa sena sa confectionery, ho latela data ea morao-rao ea saense, se ka ba molemo.
Bohareng ba bo-1990, bafuputsi ba ile ba tlameha ho fumana hore na hobaneng lijo tse nang le mafura a mafura, e leng stearic acid (eo, joalo ka ha ho boletsoe kaholimo, e le karolo ea chokolete), e ke ke ea lebisa phetohong e seng ntle ea cholesterol ea mali, joalo ka mafura a mang a phetseng.
Taba ea pele, fumana hore na acid e nang le mafura a mangata ke eng, kapa mafura bakeng sa taba eo.
Pele ho tsohle, mafura ke oli, 'me oli ke mafura. Ho na le phapang e le 'ngoe feela: mafura a lula a tiile mochesong oa kamore, ebe oli e fetoha metsi. Hoa tšoana le ka limolek'hule. Li-acid tse ngata ke liketane tse telele tsa carbon le liathomo tsa hydrogen tse nang le carboxylic acid qetellong. Palo ea liathomo tsa khabone le hydrogen ho acid e nang le mafura a laola thepa ea eona e mengata - ho tloha ho tatso ho ea kamoo e qhibilihang ka teng ka metsing, ekaba e tiile kapa e metsi.
Haeba liathomo tsohle tsa khabone li hokahantsoe ke litlamo tse le 'ngoe (mohlala, ho li-acaric le myristic acid), ena ke acid e mafura a mangata. Haeba molek'hule e na le bonto e le 'ngoe e habeli, ana ke mafura a monounsaturated, haeba ho na le litlamo tse peli kapa ho feta habeli, joalo ka linoleic acid, ana ke mafura a polyunsaturated.
Ka kakaretso, mafura acid le li-polyunsaturated tse mafura (kapa mafura le mafura feela) li molemo haholo ho 'mele ho feta mafura a mafura. Ea morao-rao, e le molao, e phahamisa boemo ba "cholesterol" e mpe 'me ka linako tse ling e theola boemo ba botle. Asiti e mafura e nang le liathomo tsa khabone tse 18 e bonahala e tlola molao o akaretsang.
Ho netefalitsoe hore stearic acid, mafura a mangata ka liathomo tsa khabone tse 18, e fokotsa cholesterol ea plasma ka botlalo le cholesterol e mpe “empa e ntle”. U sebelisa liforomo tse kaholimo, u ka bona hore na stearic acid e tsokolate e fapana joang le mafura a mang.
Ha se lichokolete tsohle tse phetseng hantle ka ho lekana.
Kahoo, haeba u ja chokolete ea boleng bo phahameng (e nang le cocoa ea 60-70%), mme eseng confectionery e entsoeng ka tsoekere e ngata le lioli tse nang le hydrogenated kapa tse nang le karolo e itseng, u hlile u thusa bophelo bo botle.
Chokolete e lefifi kapa e fetang ea tlhaho, e feta palo ea li-polyphenols tse ling. Ka mohlala: chokolete e lefifi e na le li-antioxidants tse ka bang makhetlo a mabeli le halofo ho feta lebese. Metsoako e meng e fumanoang ka chokolete e lefifi e boetse e thusa ho matlafatsa pelo, ho fokotsa cholesterol le ho thibela lefu la pelo.
Plant Sterols - Likhokahano tse fumanehang ka oli ea meroho, lijo-thollo le lijalo tsa litholoana li ka thusa ho fokotsa cholesterol ea mali. Lijo tse ngata li matlafatsoa ka li-sterols tsa limela ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba bona ba ho fokotsa cholesterol e mpe. Chocolate e boetse e bua ka lihlahisoa tse nang le li-sterols tsa limela qalong.
Li-cocoa tsa cocoa, tseo ho tsona ho fumanoang chokolete ea 'nete, ke sehlahisoa sa tlhaho kahoo ho na le lik'hemik'hale tse ngata tse ka sebelisanang le' mele oa motho. Mohlala, chokolete e na le caffeine, 'me kaofela re tseba seo caffeine e se etsang' meleng.
Chokolete bakeng sa Cholesterol e Phahameng
Ka selemo sa 2017, makasine ea American Heart Association e phatlalalitse lipatlisiso mabapi le kamano ea lijo tse khethehileng tse thehiloeng ho kopaneng ea chokolete e lefifi le lialmonde le ho theola cholesterol. Ka lebaka la lijo tse joalo, baithaopi ba nang le botenya, boemo ba k'holeseterole e fokotsehileng ka 4%, le "mpe" - ka 7% ka khoeli e le ngoe.
Mokhoa ona o ka amoheloa ke mang kapa mang ea qobelloang ho laola k'holeseterole ea bona. Leha ho le joalo, motho ha aa lokela ho lebala ka kalafo e boletsoeng ke ngaka (tšebeliso ea li-statins).
Lithuto tsa kliniki tse 'nileng tsa etsoa lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng li fana ka likarabo tsa lipotso tse ngata tsa ba lemaletseng chokolete ba nang le mathata a methapo ea mali.
- Na chokolete e phahamisa cholesterol? Ho thata ho araba potso ena ka mokhoa o hlakileng, hobane ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea confectionery ena.
- Ke chokolete efe e phetseng hantle? Ho fifatsa kerese ea chokolete, ho molemo haholo ho eona (ha feela li-sterols tsa semela le limolek'hule tsa flavonoid li sa fetoloe haholo ha ho sebetsoa linaoa tsa cocoa) hobane li na le metsoako e mengata ea li-antioxidant.
- Na hoa khoneha ho ja chokolete e nang le cholesterol e phahameng? E, ha e jelloa ka tekano, chokolete e lefifi (haholo-holo hammoho le lialmonde) e ka fokotsa cholesterol.
- Nka ja chokolete e kae bakeng sa kalafo? Ho nepahetse haholo. Ho "cheselletsa" "phepo e ngata" ho lebisa ho botenya, bo hlokomolohang phello ho lijana tsa li-antioxidants le ho phahamisa cholesterol ea mali. Ho khothalletsoa hore u se ke ua feta tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea li-gramme tse 50.
Kahoo, chokolete e lefifi e ka sebelisoa ebile e lokela ho sebelisoa ho nkela lijo tse phahameng tsa carb (liswiti), empa ha ea lokela ho jaloa hangata.
Na hoa khoneha ho ja chokolete e nang le lefu la tsoekere?
Ponahalo e bohloko ea chokolete ha e kotsi ho lefu la tsoekere. Sehlahisoa se joalo se na le index ea "glycemic" e tlase mme ha e khone ho eketsa tsoekere maling le ho tsoa ka insulin maling.
Ha o nooa ke lefu la tsoekere, ligrama tse 50,0 ka letsatsi tsa sehlahisoa se chesang sa chokolete, ho ke ke ha khoneha ho lematsa tekano ea glycemic 'meleng.
'Meleng, cocoa e eketsa ho hanyetsa ha' mele ho insulin, kahoo ha e sebelisoa ho thibela chokolete e bohloko, tsoekere ea tsoekere ea mofuta oa 2 e ka qojoa.
Haeba o ja ligrama tse 30,0 ho isa ho 50.0 tsa chokolete e nang le dikahare tse ngata tsa cocoa letsatsi le letsatsi, o ka fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le li-pathologies tse joalo:
- Cardiac angina pectoris and organiac organ ischemia ke 37.0%,
- Myocardial infarction ka 33.0%,
- Systemic atherosclerosis ka 35.0%,
- Cerebral stroke ke 29.0%.