Hypertension - matšoao le kalafo

Arterial hypertension (khatello ea mali, AH) ke lefu la pelo le methapo ea mali methapong ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea mali e eketsehang haholo. Ka nts'etsopele ea lefu lena, lits'ebetso tsa kahare (li-hormonal, methapo) le mabaka a kantle (tšebeliso e feteletseng ea letsoai, joala, ho tsuba, botenya) li bohlokoa. Ka botlalo haholoanyane hore na lefu lena ke eng, re tla hlahloba hape.

Hypertension ea methapo ea kutlo ke eng?

Hypertension ea methapo ea kutlo ke boemo bo khetholloang ka keketseho e phehellang ea khatello ea systolic ho letšoao la 140 mm Hg. Art le tse ling, le khatello ea diastolic ho fihlela ho 90 mm RT. Art. le tse ling.

Boloetse bo kang arterial hypertension bo hlaha ka lebaka la ho sitisoa hoa tšebetso ea litsi tsa taolo ea khatello ea mali. Lisosa tse ling tsa khatello ea mali ke mafu a litho tsa ka hare kapa litsamaiso.

Bakuli ba joalo ba na le hlooho (haholo hoseng) sebakeng sa occipital, ba baka ho sithabela le ho hlaka ha hlooho. Ntle le moo, bakuli ba tletleba ka boroko bo sa sebetseng, ho fokotseha ha ts'ebetso le ho hopola, hammoho le ho sitisoa ke mokhoa. Bakuli ba bang ba tletleba ka bohloko bo ka morao ho mokokotlo, ho hema hanyane ka mor'a ho etsa mosebetsi oa matsoho le ho senyeha ha mahlo.

Kamora moo, keketseho ea khatello e fetoha khafetsa, e ama pelo, pelo, liphio, retina le boko.

Hypertension ea methapo ea kutlo e ka ba ea mantlha kapa ea bobeli (ho latela ICD-10). Ho hoo e ka bang ho bakuli ba bang ba leshome ba nang le khatello e matla ea mali, khatello e phahameng ea mali e bakoa ke tšenyo ea setho. Maemong ana, ba bua ka khatello ea mali ea bobeli kapa ea matšoao. Hoo e ka bang 90% ea bakuli ba na le khatello ea mali e ka sehloohong kapa ea bohlokoa.

Litsebi tsa WHO li khothaletsa sehlopha sa khatello ea mali se eketsehileng:

• ntle le matšoao a senya litho tsa ka hare,
• ka lipontšo tsa tšenyo ea litho tsa 'mele (litlhahlobong tsa mali, ka tlhahlobo e sebetsang),
• ka lipontšo tsa tšenyo le boteng ba lipontšo tsa kliniki (infraction ea myocardial, kotsi ea nakoana ea methapo ea methapo, retinopathy ea retina).

Mohloli oa khatello ea mali ea mantlha ke keketseho e tsitsitseng ea khatello ea mali ntle le lebaka le hlakileng. Ntho ea mantlha ke lefu le ikemetseng. E hlaha khahlano le semelo sa lefu la pelo 'me hangata e bitsoa khatello e matla ea mali.

Tekanyetso ea bohlokoa ea khatello ea mali (kapa khatello ea mali) ha e tsoe ka lebaka la tšenyo ea litho life kapa life. Kamora nako, e lebisa ho ts'oenyehong ea litho tsa hau tse lemalang.

Ho lumeloa hore lefu lena le ipapisitse le mathata a lefutso le lefutso, hammoho le mathata a taolo ea tšebetso e phahameng ea methapo ka lebaka la maemo a likhohlano ka lapeng le mosebetsing, khatello ea kelello e sa feleng, mohopolo o eketsehileng oa boikarabello, hammoho le boima bo feteletseng.

Sekhahla sa khatello ea kelello ea methapo

Ha e le foromo ea bobeli, e etsahala khahlano le semelo sa mafu a litho tse ling tsa ka hare. Boemo bona bo boetse bo bitsoa arterial hypertension syndrome kapa matšoao a khatello ea mali.

Ho latela sesosa sa ketsahalo ea bona, ba arotsoe ka mefuta e latelang:

• renal
• endocrine
• hemodynamic
• meriana
• neurogenic.

Ka mofuta oa thupelo, khatello ea methapo ea kutlo e ka ba:

• nakoana: ho phahama ha khatello ea mali ho bonoa nako le nako, ho nka lihora tse 'maloa ho isa matsatsing a' maloa, ho tloaelehile ntle le ts'ebeliso ea meriana,
• Labile: mofuta ona oa khatello ea mali o amahanngoa le mohato oa pele oa khatello ea mali. Haele hantle, hona ha se lefu lejoalo, empa ke boemo ba meeli, hobane bo bonahatsoa ke likhatello tse sa hlokeng letho le tse sa tsitsang. E ea tsitsa, 'me ha e hloke tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse theolelang khatello ea mali.
• Tsitsitseng khatello ea mali a methapo. Keketseho e sa khaotseng ea khatello eo ho eona ho sebelisoang kalafo e matla e tšehetsang.
• Tlokotsi: Mokuli o na le mathata a amang nako le nako ha a kula,
• malignant: khatello ea mali e nyolohela lipalo tse phahameng, lefu la tsoekere le tsoela pele ka potlako 'me le ka lebisa ho mathata a tebileng le lefu la mokuli.

Khatello ea mali e phahama le botsofali. Hoo e ka bang likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo tsa batho ba fetang 65 ba na le khatello ea mali. Batho kamora lilemo tse 55 ba nang le khatello e tloaelehileng ea mali ba na le kotsi ea 90% ea ho ba le khatello ea mali ka nako e telele. Kaha keketseho ea khatello ea mali e fumanoa hangata ho batho ba tsofetseng, khatello ea maikutlo e amanang le "lilemo" e kanna ea utloahala e le tlhaho, empa khatello ea mali e eketsehang e eketsa kotsi ea mathata le lefu.

Totobatsa lisosa tse tloaelehileng tsa khatello ea mali:

1. Lefu la fig
2. Ho se sebetse, kapa ho se sebetse.
3. Banna ba lilemo tse fetang 55, basali ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 60.
4. Tumelo ea "gren" ea "gren"
5. Litla-morao tsa lithethefatsi
6. Keketseho ea khatello nakong ea kemolo.
7. Ho se sebetse, kapa ho se sebetse.
8. Nalane ea lefu la tsoekere.
9. Keketseho ea cholesterol maling (ka holimo ho 6.5 mol / l).
10. Likahare tse phahameng tsa letsoai lijong.
11. Ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lino tse tahang.

Ho ba teng ha e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsena ke ketsahalo ea ho qala thibelo ea khatello ea mali haufinyane. Ho hlokomolohuoa ha mehato ena ka tekanyo e phahameng ho ka lebisa ho thehoeng ha pathology nakong ea lilemo tse 'maloa.

Ho fumana lisosa tsa khatello ea mali ho hloka ho hlahlojoa ha ultrasound, angiography, CT scan, MRI (liphio, gland ea adrenal, pelo, boko), tlhahlobo ea li-paramente tsa biochemical le lihormone tsa mali, tlhahlobo ea khatello ea mali.

Matšoao a khatello ea mali

E le molao, pele ho hlaha mathata a mangata, khatello ea mali ea methapo hangata e tsoela pele ntle le matšoao, 'me ponahatso ea eona feela ke keketseho ea khatello ea mali. Ka nako e ts'oanang, bakuli ha ba tletleba kapa ha ba na kutloelo-bohloko, leha ho le joalo, hlooho e ka morao hloohong kapa phatleng e lemohuoa nako le nako, ka linako tse ling hlooho e ka ba le tseko mme e etsa lerata litsebeng.

Arterial hypertension syndrome e na le matšoao a latelang:

• Ho opeloa ke hlooho ho etsahalang nako le nako,
• Ho letsa mololi kapa tinnitus
• Ho akheha le ho tsekela,
• Ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa,
• "Lintsintsi" ka mahlo,
• Lipallo tsa pelo
• Bohloko bo hatelletsang pelo.
• Bokhubelu ba letlalo la sefahleho.

Matšoao a hlalositsoeng ha a na taba, ka hona, ha a bake ho belaela ho mokuli.

Ha e le molao, matšoao a pele a khatello ea methapo ea kutlo a iponahatsa a se a utloile kamora hore ho be le liphetoho liphihlelong tsa litho tsa ka hare. Matšoao ana a tla ka tlholeho mme a ipapisitse le sebaka sa tšenyo.

Ha ho na ho boleloa hore matšoao a khatello ea mali ho banna le basali a fapane haholo, empa bonneteng banna ba kotsing ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu lena, haholo bakeng sa sehlopha sa lilemo tse 40 ho isa ho tse 55. Lebaka le leng lena le bakoa ke phapang ea sebopeho sa 'mele: banna, ho fapana le basali, ba na le boima ba' mele haholo ka ho latellana, 'me molumo oa mali o potoloha likepeng tsa bona o phahame haholo, e leng se etsang maemo a matle a khatello e phahameng ea mali.

Khatello e kotsi ea khatello ea methapo ea methapo ea mali ke koluoa ​​ea khatello ea mali, boemo bo bobe bo khetholloang ka ho phahama ha khatello ka tšohanyetso ke li-unit tsa 20-40. Boemo bona hangata bo hloka mohala oa ambulense.

Matšoao ao u tlamehang ho a ela hloko

Ke matšoao afe a hore u hloka ho ela hloko le ho bona ngaka, kapa bonyane u qale ka boinotšing lekanya khatello ka ho sebelisa tonometer mme u ngole bukeng ea ho itlhahloba:

• bohloko bo bobebe halofong e ka lehlakoreng la sefuba,
• pherekano ea morethetho oa pelo,
• bohloko ba molala
• ho leka-lekanya ka linako tse itseng le tinnitus,
• ho senyeha ha pono, ponahalo ea matheba, "lintsintsi" ka pel'a mahlo,
• ho phefumoloha ka thata ho ikitlaetsang
• cyanosis ea matsoho le maoto,
• ho ruruha kapa ho ruruha ha maoto,
• asthma e hlasela kapa hemoptysis.

Boemo ba khatello ea methapo ea methapo: 1, 2, 3

Setšoantšo sa kliniki sa khatello ea mali ea methapo se angoa ke boemo le mofuta oa lefu lena. Bakeng sa ho lekola boemo ba tšenyo ea litho tsa ka hare ka lebaka la khatello e phahameng ea mali, ho na le phallo e khethehileng ea khatello ea mali, e nang le likhato tse tharo.

Mokhahlelong oa pele, ha ho na matšoao a tšoaetso ea litho tsa teng: sepheo, pelo, boko, liphio.

Mokhoa o mong oa khatello ea kelello o hlaha ho bana

Ho ba le khatello ea mali ea methapo ho bana ho batla ho sa tloaeleha ho feta ho batho ba baholo, 'me ka nako e ts'oanang e lula e le e' ngoe ea maloetse a sa foleng a atileng ho bana. Ho ea ka liphuputso tse fapaneng, kholo ea ts'ebetso ena ea methapo ho bana le lilemong tsa bocha e tsoa ho 1 ho isa ho 18%.

Mabaka a nts'etsopele ea khatello ea methapo ea bongoana le bongoaneng, e le molao, a ipapisitse le lilemo tsa ngoana. Boholo ba methapo ea methapo e bakoa ke tšenyo ea menoana.

Ho ja lithethefatsi tse sa laoloang ho tsoa ho sehlopha sa adrenergic agonists ho ka eketsa khatello ea mali. Tsena li kenyelletsa naphthyzine, salbutamol.

Lintho tse ka bakang tšoaetso ea khatello ea mali haholo li kenyeletsa:

Thibelo ea khatello ea mali e lokela ho etsoa ho palo ea batho le malapa, hammoho le lihlopha tse kotsing. Pele ho tsohle, thibelo e kenyelletsa ho hlophisa mokhoa o phetseng hantle oa bana le bacha le ho lokisa lintlha tse bonts'itsoeng. Mehato ea thibelo e bohlokoa e lokela ho hlophisoa ka lapeng: ho theha moea o motle oa kelello, mokhoa o nepahetseng oa mosebetsi le phomolo, phepo e thusang ho boloka boima ba mmele bo tloaelehileng, mmele o lekaneng (o matla).

Mathata le litlamorao bakeng sa mmele

E 'ngoe ea lipontšo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa khatello ea mali ke ho senyeha ha litho tsa hau. Bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali ea methapo, e le molao, ba shoa ba sa le banyenyane. Sesosa se atileng haholo sa lefu ho bona ke lefu la pelo. Ho otloa ke methapo le ho fokola ha methapo ea mali hangata, haholo bathong ba nang le lefu la pelo haholo.

Mathata a bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa a khatello ea mali ea methapo a methapo a kenyelletsa:

• likhatello tse matla,
• likotsi tsa cerebrovascular (hemorrhagic kapa stroke ischemic),
• myocardial infarction
• nephrossteosis (thipa e ommeng ea menoana),
• ho nyekeloa ke pelo
• strandra aortic aneurysm.

Ts'oaetso

Ho khetholloa ke khatello ea mali ea methapo ho etsoa ho latela liphetho tsa liphetoho tsa khatello ea mali. Anamnesis, tlhahlobo ea 'mele le mekhoa e meng ea ho etsa lipatlisiso e thusa ho tseba sesosa le ho hlakisa tšenyo ea litho tsa hau tse hlasetsoeng.

Tlhahlobo ea khatello ea mali e thehiloe ho mefuta e latelang ea litlhahlobo:

• ECG, tlhahlobo ea tsoekere le palo e felletseng ea mali,
• Ultrasound ea liphio, qeto ea boemo ba urea, creatinine maling, tlhahlobo e akaretsang ea moroto - e etsoa ka sepheo sa ho khetholla mofuta oa renal oa sebopeho sa lefu,
• Ultrasound ea li-adrenal gland e ea hlokahala haeba ho belaelloa pheochromocytoma,
• Ho hlahloba lihormone, ultrasound ea tšoelesa ea qoqotho.
• MRI ea kelello
• Ho buisana le setsebi sa methapo ea kutlo le setsebi sa mahlo.

Ha ho hlahlojoa mokuli, ho hlahisoa liso:

• liphio: uremia, polyuria, proteinuria, ho se sebetse hantle ha a re,
• Boko: Tlhaselo ea methapo ea pelo e kotsi, kotsi ea methapo ea methapo,
• pelo: ho fifatsa ha methapo ea pelo, ho ba le methapo e matla ea methapo ea pelo,
• methapo ea mali: fokotseha lumel ea methapo le methapo ea methapo, atherosulinosis, aneurysms, aortic dispar,
• fundus: hemorrhage, retinopathy, bofofu.

Ho fokotsa khatello ea mali le ho lokisa tšusumetso ea maemo a kotsi ho ka fokotsa haholo menyetla ea mathata a tsoang litho tsa ka hare. Phekolo e kenyelletsa ts'ebeliso ea mekhoa eo e seng ea lithethefatsi le lithethefatsi.

Bakeng sa kalafo le tlhahlobo bakeng sa khatello ea mali, o hloka ho bona ngaka. Ke setsebi feela kamora tlhahlobo e felletseng le tlhahlobo ea liphetho tsa litlhahlobo tse tla tseba ho fumana hantle le ho fana ka kalafo e nang le bokhoni.

Phekolo eo eseng ea lithethefatsi

Pele ho tsohle, mekhoa eo e seng ea meriana e thehiloe ho fetoleng mokhoa oa bophelo oa mokuli ea nang le khatello ea mali ea methapo. Ho khothalletsoa ho hana:

• ho tsuba, haeba mokuli a tsuba,
• ho nwa joala, kapa ho fokotsa mokhoa oa bona oa ho ja: banna ho fihlela ho 20-30 gram ea ethanol ka letsatsi, basali, ka ho latellana, ho fihlela 10-20,
• eketsa tšebeliso ea letsoai la tafole le lijo, e lokela ho fokotsoa ho ligrama tse 5 ka letsatsi, haholoholo
• Lijo tse thibelang mafura a liphoofolo, liswiti, letsoai le metsi, haeba ho hlokahala,
• ts'ebeliso ea litokisetso tse nang le potasiamo, magnesium kapa calcium. Hangata li sebelisoa ho theola khatello e phahameng ea mali.

Mekhoa ea khatello ea mali

Phekolo ea meriana e nang le lithethefatsi e lokela ho fanoa ka lebaka la litlhahiso tse latelang:

1. Phekolo e qala ka litekanyetso tse nyane tsa lithethefatsi.
2. Ha ho na le phello ea kalafo, hoa hlokahala hore ho nkeloe sebaka sa moriana o mong ebe o mong.
3. Nako e pakeng tsa likhato e lokela ho ba ka tlase ho libeke tse 'ne, ha feela o sa hloke ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali kapele.
4. Ts'ebeliso ea litlhare tse sebetsang nako e telele ho fumana phello ea lihora tse 24 ka lethal dose le le leng.
5. Ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng hantle.
6. Phekolo e lokela ho ba e tsoelang pele. Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi lithutong ha e lumelloe.
7. Taolo e sebetsang ea khatello ea mali selemo ho pota e thusa ho fokotsa tekanyo ea tekanyo le boholo ba meriana.

Ho khothalletsoa hore moriana o laetsoeng ke setsebi bakeng sa khatello ea mali o fetoloe, kamehla o fetole mofuta o mong. Ho seng joalo, phello e matlafatsang e bonoa ha moriana o hlahisang khatello ea mali o sa sebetseng o khona ho tsitsisa index e tloaelehileng ea khatello ea mali.

Hammoho le mokhoa oa bophelo, ho lebisoa tlhokomelo e khethehileng ho phepo e nepahetseng ho thibela khatello ea mali. U hloka ho ja lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa tlholeho, ntle le litlatsetso, li-preservatives (haeba ho khonahala). Lisebelisoa li lokela ho ba le litholoana tse ngata, meroho, mafura a sa koaheloang (linseed, oli ea mohloaare, tlhapi e khubelu).

Fibre e lokela ho kenyelletsoa lijong tsa mokuli ka khatello ea mali. E thusa ho theola cholesterol ea mali le ho thibela ho monya. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho ja litholoana le meroho e mengata.

Boteng ba boima bo feteletseng, ho hlokahala hore o fokotse likhahla tsa khalori ea letsatsi le letsatsi ho 1200-1800 kcal.

Ho leng betere ho hana khatello ea mali a methapo:

• lihlapi le nama ea mefuta e nang le mafura, soseji tse entsoeng mabenkeleng, lijo tse ka makotikoting, nama e tsubiloeng, likhahla, chisi,
• margarine, tranelate ea pastry, botoro e fetelletseng (o ka tšela botoro ho bohobe ka sekaka se tšesaane, se bonesang),
• lipompong (likuku, likuku, liswiti, tsoekere, likuku),
• lino tse tahang, tee e ngata (sena se sebetsa ho tee e tala le e ntšo), kofi,
• letsoai le letsoai haholo, linoko tse ngata,
• lebenkele la mayonnaise, lisosa le marinade,

Keletso bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali ea methapo

Seo mokuli ea nang le khatello ea mali a lokelang ho se tseba le ho se etsa:

1. boloka boima ba 'mele bo tloaelehileng le tefo ea letheka,
2. ikoetlise kamehla
3. jang letsoai le tlase, mafura le k'holeseterole,
4. jang liminerale tse ling, haholo potasiamo, magnesium, calcium,
5. fokotsa lino tse tahang,
6. tlohela ho tsuba le ts'ebeliso ea lintho tse khothatsang.

Ha khatello ea mali e phahama le liphetoho tse etselitsoeng haholo methapong ea retina kapa lipontšo tse ling tsa tšenyo ho litho tsa eona tse senyehileng, ho hobe le ho feta. Polelo ea bolepi e ipapisitse le matšoao a khatello. Ha e phahama ka matšoao a eona, liphetoho tse boleloang haholoanyane ka har'a likepe le litho tsa ka hare.

Ha ba etsa tlhahlobo ea "khatello ea methapo ea methapo" le nakong ea tlhahlobo ea litlamorao tse ka hlahang, litsebi li itšetleha haholo ka matšoao a khatello e holimo. Ho latela litaelo tsohle tsa bongaka, tlhatlhobo e nkoa e le ntle. Ho seng joalo, ho hlaha mathata a etsang hore ramatiki e se kholoe.

Lisosa le Lintho Tse Kotsi

Lebaka le leng ke hore khatello ea maikutlo ea nako e telele le khafetsa ea khatello ea kelello, khatello ea kelello e telele.

Hangata khatello e matla ea maikutlo e etsahala ho batho bao mosebetsi oa bona o amanang le khatello ea maikutlo e sa feleng. Hangata e ama batho ba nang le khatello ea maikutlo.

Lebaka la bobeli ke bokapele ba lefutso. Ka tloaelo, bakuli ba nang le lipatlisiso ba ka bona boteng ba beng ka bona ba nang le lefu le tšoanang.

E 'ngoe ea lisosa tsa bohlokoa tsa khatello ea mali ke ho ikoetlisa' meleng.

Liphetoho tse amanang le botsofe 'meleng (haholoholo, tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng) le tsona li ama ponahalo le nts'etsopele ea matšoao a lefu lena. Keketseho e phahameng ea khatello ea mali (khatello ea mali) har'a batho ba tsofetseng e bakoa ke phetoho ea methapo ea mali ka lebaka la keketseho ea atherosulinosis. Ho na le khokahano e hlakileng lipakeng tsa maloetse ana. GB e kenya letsoho kholisong e ntlafalitsoeng le tsoelo-pele ea atherosulinosis. Motsoako ona o kotsi hobane ka sekhahla se matla sa methapo ea mali, phallo ea mali ho ea lithong (bokong, pelong, lipong) ha ea lekana. Ka ho ba le mongobo o mongata haholo le ho ba teng hoa lipampiri maboteng a methapo ea mali, mali a ka emisa ho potoloha methapong ea methapo. Maemong ana, ho ba le stroke kapa myocardial infarction e etsahala.

Ho basali, GB hangata e qala nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli.

Tšebeliso e ngata ea sodium chloride (e leng sodium, eo e leng karolo ea letsoai lena), ho tsuba, tšebeliso e mpe ea joala, ho nona haholo, e leng ho eketsang mojaro tsamaisong ea pelo le eona e bohlokoa haholo.

Lihokela tse ka sehloohong ho hlaha hoa GB ke:

• Tlolo ea ts'ebetso ea boipiletso le thibelo ts'ebetsong ea methapo e kholo,
• Hyperproduction ea lintho tse eketsang khatello ea mali. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke adrenaline ea khatello ea maikutlo. Ntle le moo, sesosa sa ho hlaphoheloa kelellong se boetse se ikhethile. Liphio li hlahisa lintho tse ka eketsang le ho fokotsa khatello. Ka hona, ha matšoao a GB a hlaha, mokuli o lokela ho hlahloba ts'ebetso ea liphio,
• contraction le spasm ea methapo ea methapo.

Khatello ea mali ke eng (systolic le diastolic)

Khatello e lokela ho lekanngoa phomolong - 'meleng le maikutlong.

Khatello ea holimo (systolic) khatello e tsamaellana le motsotso oa ho ruruha ha mesifa ea pelo, mme tlase (diastolic) - motsotso oa khutso ea pelo.

Ho batho ba banyenyane ba phetseng hantle, matšoao a tloaelehileng a khatello ea mali a hlalosoa e le 110 / 70-120 / 80 mm Hg. Art. Empa, ha ho fanoa ka ho itšetleha ha khatello ea mali ho ea lilemong, litšobotsi tsa motho ka mong, le boikoetliso, ho ka bitsoa meeli ea 125 / 65-80 mm Hg. Art. ho banna le 110-120 / 60-75 mm RT. Art. ho basali.

Ka lilemo, khatello ea mali e eketseha, ho batho ba lilemo tse mahareng, lipalo tse tloaelehileng li haufi le 140/90 mm Hg. Art.

Mokhoa oa ho lekanya khatello ea mali

E lekantsoe ke lisebelisoa tse khethehileng - khatello ea khatello ea mali, e ka rekoang k'hemisteng. Khatello e lekanyetsoa kamora metsotso e 5 ea ho phomola. Ho khothalletsoa ho e lekanya makhetlo a mararo mme u nahane ka sephetho sa ho qetela sa tekanyo ea ho qetela. Nako e pakeng tsa litekanyo e lokela ho ba bonyane metsotso e 3. Batho ba phetseng hantle ba ka lekanya khatello ea mali hang ka likhoeli tse 'maloa. Bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali e ngata ba hloka ho lekanya khatello ea mali bonyane nako e le 'ngoe ka letsatsi.

Matšoao a khatello ea mali

Ho opeloa ke hlooho ke e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tse tloaelehileng tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali. Letšoao lena le bakoa ke ho khoebeha ha moea (cerebrovascular spasm). Maemong ana, tinnitus e etsahala hangata, e ferekanya "lintsintsi" ka pel'a mahlo, pono e lerootho, bofokoli, ho fokotseha ha ts'ebetso, ho hloka boroko, ho tsekela, ho hlonama hloohong le ho tšoha. Litletlebo tsena tse methating ea pele ea kholo ea lefu lena li na le neurotic ka tlhaho.

Letšoao le ka sehloohong ke keketseho ea khatello ea mali ho 140-160 / 90 mm RT. Art. Ho latela likhopolo tsa sejoale-joale tsa khatello ea mali, re ka re haeba khatello nakong ea selemo e ile ea nyolohela ho 200/90 mm RT. Art. kapa bonyane hang bo fetisitse letšoao lena. Ha ho hlahlojoa mokuli, ho korotla ha pelo, ho tsitsipana hoa morethetho, ho atoloha ha meeli ea pelo ho ea ka ho le letšehali hoa pepesoa.

Mehatong ea morao, ho nyekeloa ke pelo ho ka hlaha ka lebaka la ho sebetsa ka thata ha mesifa ea pelo ka lebaka la khatello e phahameng ea mali.

Ka tsoelo-pele ea ts'ebetso, ho fokotseha hoa Acuity ea pono. Nakong ea tlhahlobo ea mokoloto oa mokuli, pheror ea hae, e nyenyefatsang le ho hlaseloa ke methapo ea methapo, ho eketsoa hanyane ha methapo, ka linako tse ling ho hlokomeleha ho ruruha ha methapo ea kutlo. Ha ho senyeha methapo ea boko ka tlasa ts'usumetso ea kholo ea khatello ea mali, ho ka hlaha likotsi tsa "cerebrovascular", tse lebisang maemong a mang a ho holofala, ho sithabela ha maikutlo liphateng tsa maoto ka lebaka la mokokotlo oa methapo ea methapo ea mali le mokokotlo oa mali.

Hoa hlokahala ho totobatsa letšoao la matšoao a GB, empa eseng matšoao a GB.

Tsena ke seo ho thoeng ke hypertension ea bobeli. Li hlaha ka lebaka la maloetse a fapaneng mme li nkuoa e le matšoao a tsona. Hajoale, ho na le mafu a fetang 50 a etsahalang ka keketseho ea khatello ea mali. Har'a tsona ke maloetse a liphio le tšoelesa ea qoqotho.

Likotsi tsa khatello ea mali ke eng?

Khatello ea mali - Ena ke e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tse matla tsa khatello ea mali. Ka kholo e matla ea khatello, matšoao ohle a kaholimo ho GB a ka tsamaisana le ho nyekeloa, ho hlatsa, ho fufuleloa, pono e fokotsehileng. Likerese li ka nka metsotso e seng mekae ho isa lihora tse 'maloa.

Boemong bona, hangata bakuli ba thabile, ba lla, ba tletleba ka ho otla ha pelo. Hangata ho na le matheba a bofubelu sefubeng le marameng. Sekhahla sa pelo sea tsebahala. Tlhaselo eo e ka fella ka ho ntša metsi haholo kapa ho theola litulo tse ngata.

Likoluoa ​​tse joalo li tšoaea mekhahlelo ea pele ea khatello ea methapo ea mali, hangata li bonoa ho basali nakong ea ho ilela khoeli, kamora khatello ea maikutlo, ha boemo ba leholimo bo fetoha. Hangata li etsahala bosiu kapa thapama.

Ho na le mefuta e meng ea likotsi tse matla haholo. Ba na le mohato o boima le ho feta, empa ba hola butle butle. Nako ea bona e ka fihla lihora tse 4-5. Li hlaha methating e latelang ea khatello ea mali khahlano le semelo sa khatello e phahameng ea mali. Khafetsa, likotsi li tsamaea le matšoao a bokong: ho bua hampe, ho ferekana, phetoho ea kutloelo-bohloko maotong. Ka nako e ts'oanang, bakuli ba tletleba ka bohloko bo tebileng pelong.

Boemo ba khatello ea mali

Kenya likarolo tse 3 tsa GB.

• Ke degree - khatello ea mali 140-159 / 90-99 mm RT. Art. Nako le nako e ka khutlela ho tloaelehileng le ho tsoha hape.
• Tekanyo ea II - khatello ea mali e tsoa ho 160-179 / 100-109 mm RT. Art. Tekanyo ena e tšoauoa ka ho eketseha khafetsa ha khatello, hangata ha e khutlela ho tloaelehileng.
• Degree ea III - 180 le kaholimo / PO mm RT. Art. le holimo. Khatello ea mali e eketseha hoo e batlang e le ka linako tsohle, 'me ho fokotseha ha eona e ka ba letšoao la pelo e sa sebetseng.

GB e tlameha ho qala ho phekoloa ka tekanyo ea I, ho seng joalo e tla fihla ho li-degree tsa II le III.

GB e etsahala joang ka lilemo tse fapaneng

Sebopeho se tebileng ka ho fetisisa sa GB ke khatello e matla ea mali. Tabeng ena, khatello ea diastolic e phahama ka holimo ho 130 mm Hg. Art. Foromo ena e tšoauoa ke bacha ba lilemo tse 30-40 'me ha e bonoe ho bakuli ba lilemo tse kaholimo ho 50. Psychology ena e hlaha ka potlako haholo, khatello ea mali e ka fihla lipalo tsa 250/140 mm RT. Art., Ha o ne o fetola lijana tsa liphio ka potlako haholo.

GB ea maqheku e na le litšobotsi tsa eona tsa thupelo. Sena ke seo ho thoeng systolic hypertension. Khatello ea systolic e haufi le 160-170 mm RT. Art. Maemong ana, khatello ea tlase (diastolic) ha e fetoloe. Ho na le karohano e kholo lipakeng tsa khatello ea systolic le diastolic. Phapang ena e bitsoa khatello ea pulse 'me hangata e ba 40 mmHg. Art. Tšobotsi ena ho batho ba tsofetseng e baka maikutlo a mangata a sa thabiseng, haholo hobane ho bakuli bana ho bonoa bofokoli ba tsamaiso ea pelo le pelo. Empa ba bang ba bona ha ba utloe lekhalo lena.

Phekolo ea khatello ea mali

Katleho ea mehato ea kalafo e hlahisoa ke ho tloaeleha ha lipalo tsa khatello ea mali ho latela lilemo, bophelo bo botle, le ho se be teng ha mathata a teng kalafong.

Phekolo ea khatello ea mali e lokela ho ba e felletseng.

Ha u khetha lithethefatsi, ho sebelisoa lithethefatsi tse fokotsang khatello ea mali. Ena ke sehlopha se seholo sa lithethefatsi tse nang le litlamorao tse fapaneng. Ntle le bona, ho sebelisoa litlhare tsa vasodilating le diuretic. Karolo ea bohlokoa kalafong e atlehileng e bapaloa ke sedatives. Litekanyetso le nako ea meriana li khethoa feela ke ngaka, ka bomong bakeng sa mokuli ka mong!

Ha ba fana ka kalafo, lingaka li ela hloko haholo-holo matšoao a khatello ea systolic le diastolic. Haeba ho na le keketseho ea khatello ea systolic, joale khetho e fuoa "lithibelo tsa" inhibitory "pelong.

Mokuli o tlameha ho latela mosebetsi o leka-lekaneng le mokhoa oa ho phomola; ho robala ho lokela ho lekana; Bohlokoa haholo ke ho ikoetlisa - ho ikoetlisa 'meleng, ho tsamaea ka har'a meeli e sa sitiseng mosebetsi oa pelo. Ka nako e ts'oanang, mokuli ha a lokela ho utloa bohloko, ho hlonama ka morao ho sternum, ho hema, ho hema.

Malebela mabapi le phepo e kenyelletsa lithibelo tse itseng: ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea letsoai (eseng ho feta 5 g ka letsatsi), lino tse tahang (eseng tse fetang litara tse 1,5 ka letsatsi), ho hana lino tse tahang. Bakuli ba nonneng haholo ba tlameha ho fokotsa lijo tse nang le khalori ea lijo, ba sebelisa meroho le litholoana tse ngata.

Lintho tse bonahalang kalafong ea GB li sebelisoa ka bongata. Tabeng ena, physiotherapist e khetha mekhoa e thobang, ea boikhathollo: electros sleep, electrophoresis ea lithethefatsi.

Phekolo e nang le matla a khoheli a maqhubu a fokolang (magnetotherapy) e hlahisa phello e ntle e boletsoeng, ka lebaka la bokhoni ba ntho ena ea 'mele ho theola khatello ea mali le ho kokobetsa bohloko.

Hajoale, ho na le palo e kholo ea lisebelisoa tse hlahisang matla a khoheli a maqhubu a tlase. Har'a tsona ho na le lintho tse nkehang habonolo, tse bonolo ho li sebelisa, li ka rekoa libakeng tsa meriana. Sebaka sa tšusumetso ea matla a khoheli ho GB ke bokantle ba molala.

Ntle le moo, libaka tsa ho hlapela tse fapaneng li na le thuso haholo - li-coniferous, carbonic, perela, hydrogen sulfide, hammoho le linako tsa pholiso.

Boholo ba bakuli ba nang le methati ea khatello ea methapo ea mafu ba ka phekoloa lapeng, ka ho hlahlojoa nako le nako ke lingaka tleleniking, ba latela litlhahiso tse mabapi le mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa kalafo, lijo le koetliso ea 'mele.

Litlhare tsa folks bakeng sa kalafo ea khatello ea mali

Moriana oa litlama ha e na taba ea bohlokoa hakaalo kalafong ea khatello ea mali. Pele ho tsohle, tsena ke litlama tse hohelang le litefiso. Li ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o felisitsoeng (li-extracts, li-tincture le matlapa).

Tsena ke litokisetso tsa valerian, mamawort, hawthorn. Limela tse nang le phello e khutsisang li kenyelletsa chamomile, setlhare sa lemone la moriana, peppermint, li-cones tsa hop le ba bang ba bangata.

Phekolo ea setso e eletsa bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali hore ba je mahe a linotši, aronia (200-300 g ka letsatsi), litholoana tsa lamunu le mofuta oa rose e hlaha ka mokhoa oa seno, tee e tala. Lijo tsena kaofela li fokotsa khatello ea mali e ngata 'me li na le vithamine C e ngata.

• Qhala khaba ea mahe a linotsi ka kopi e le 'ngoe ea metsi a nang le liminerale, eketsa lero la halofo ea linoko. Noa ka mpeng e se nang letho ka ho le leng. Nako ea kalafo ke matsatsi a 7-10. Sesebelisoa se sebelisoa bakeng sa khatello ea mali, ho hlobaela, ho teneha ho eketsehileng.
• Grind likhaba tse 2 tsa Cranberries le lino tse 3 tsa tsoekere e tsoakiloeng 'me u li je letsatsi le letsatsi ka nako e le ngoe pele ho lijo. Pheko ena e sebelisoa bakeng sa mefuta e bonolo ea khatello ea mali.
• Jusi ea Beetroot - linoelo tse 4, mahe a linotsi - likopi tse 4, mohloa oa sinamone - 100 g, vodka - 500 g. Kopanya likarolo tsohle, kopanya hantle, u tsitlella matsatsi a 10 ka setsing se tiisitsoeng ka thata sebakeng se lefifi, se pholileng, se boima, se sutumetsang. Nka likhaba tse 1-2 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi halofo ea hora pele ho lijo. Sesebelisoa se sebelisoa bakeng sa khatello ea mali ea I - II degree.
• Jusi ea onion e thusa khatello ea mali e tlase, ka hona ho khothalletsoa ho lokisa pheko e latelang: senya lero ho tloha ho 3 kg ea onion, e kopanye le 500 g ea mahe a linotsi, eketsa 25 g ea lifilimi tsa walnut mme u tšollele litha e le 1/2 ea vodka. Tsitlella matsatsi a 10. Nka thispone e le 'ngoe makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi.
• St wort (joang) - 100 g, chamomile (lipalesa) - 100 g, e sa tsitsang (lipalesa) - 100 g, birch (li-buds) - 100 g. Likarolo li kopantsoe, fatše ka grinder ea kofi mme e bolokiloe ka sejaneng sa khalase se nang le sekwahelo. Tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi e lokisoa mantsiboea: thispone e le 1 ea motsoako oa 0.5 l ea metsi a belang a riteloa ebe o ts'oaroa metsotso e 20. Ebe u sefa ka sehatelong ebe u phumula masala. Ho tšeloa halofo ea khaba le tee e le 'ngoe ea mahe a linotsi,' me e setseng e futhumatsoa hoseng ho isa ho 3040 ° C mme e noe metsotso e 20 pele ho lijo tsa hoseng. Phekolo e etsoa letsatsi le letsatsi ho fihlela motsoako o sebelisoa ka botlalo. E sebelisoa bakeng sa ho otla ha pelo le khatello ea mali.
• 10 g ea tholoana ea viburnum e tšeloa ka khalase ea metsi a belang, e futhumatsitsoeng ka tlas'a sekoaelo ka metsing a bateng ka metsotso e 15, e fafalitsoe ka metsotso e 45, e tlhotliloe, e ts'oaroe le ho fetoloa ho 200 ml. Noa kopi e le 1/3 makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi. Boloka infusion nako e sa feteng matsatsi a mabeli.
• Ho etsa hore khatello ea mali e fokotsehe, ho bohlokoa ho nka tincture ea joala ba calendula (ka karolelano ea 2: 100 ka joala ea 40-degree) bakeng sa marotholi a 2040 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, hlooho ea hlooho ea nyamela, boroko boa ntlafatsa, ts'ebetso le ho eketseha ha matla.
• Ho bohlokoa haholo ho noa motsoako oa khalase ea lero la beetroot, khalase ea rantipole, halofo ea khalase ea cranberry, 250 g ea mahe a linotsi le 100 g ea vodka. Nka 1 thispone makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. U ntse u ka lokisa motsoako o latelang: linoelo tse 2 tsa lero la beetroot, 250 g ea mahe a linotsi, lero la lemone le le ngoe, likhaba tse 1,5 tsa lero la cranberry le kopi e le 'ngoe ea vodka. E lokela ho nooa 1 khaba makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi ka hora pele ho lijo.
• Fafatsa 100 g ea morara o se nang lipeo ka grinder ea nama, tšela khalase ea metsi a batang, pheha metsotso e 10 ka lebaka la mocheso o tlase, strain, pholile le ho pepeta. Noa lethal dose ho pholletsa le letsatsi.
• Chokeberry lero e nkile halofo ea hora pele ho lijo, kopi e 1/3 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke libeke tse peli.
• Lero la blackcurrant kapa decoction ea monokotsoai oa lona o lokela ho nooa kopi e le 1/4 makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi.
• Mokhabiso oa monokotsoai oa viburnum ho nka halofo ea senoelo makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.
• Motsoako oa halofo ea khalase ea lero la beet, tekanyo e lekanang ea lero la lemone le kopi e le 'ngoe ea mahe a linate tsa linden e lokela ho nooa ka kopi e le 1/3 hora e le 1 ka mor'a lijo.
• E-ja likhalase tse 1 tsa cranberries hoseng ho hong le ho hong ebe u nka marotholi a 5-10 a tincture ea lipalesa tsa hawthorn ka metsi.
• Li-socks tsa Moisten ka asene ea asene e hlapolotsoeng ka metsi ka karo ea 1: 1, 'me u li apare bosiu bo le bong, u phutha maoto a hau ka thata.
• Ho bokella likarolo ka likarolo tse latelang: joang bo bolelele ba mamao a mahlano - likarolo tse 4, mohloa oa sinamone - likarolo tse 3, litholoana tse khubelu tsa hawthorn - karolo e 1, lekhasi la peppermint - 1/2 karolo, mokotla oa molisa - karolo ea 1, litholoana tsa chokeberry - 1 karolo, litholoana tsa dill mane na serapeng - karolo e le 'ngoe, ho jala peo ea folaxe - karolo e le 1, lekhasi la fragola e hlaha - likarolo tse 2. Ho na le likhaba tse peli kapa tse tharo tsa motsoako (ho latela boima ba 'mele oa mokuli) tšela likhaba tse 2,5 tsa metsi a belang ka har'a thermos. Tsitlella lihora tse 6-8. Letsatsing le hlahlamang, futhumatsa metsi ka botlalo ka makhetlo a 3 a arohaneng metsotso e 2040 pele ho lijo.
• - Ja lero le lecha la litholoana tsa chokeberry (chokeberry) kopi e 1/2 ka kariking e le ngoe bakeng sa libeke tse peli. U ka sila 1kg ea litholoana tse hlatsoitsoeng le tse halikiloeng ka 700 g ea tsoekere e halikiloeng. Nka 75-100 g makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi.
• Khalase ea li-clove tsa konofolo tse khethiloeng li tšeloa ka litha e le nngwe tsa 0.5 tsa vodka sebakeng se lefifi le se futhumetseng. Motsoako o nooa 1 thispone makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi pele ho lijo.
• Ka likarolo tse lekanang, litara e le 1 ea metsi a belang, kopi e le 'ngoe ea ho bokella setlama sa momwort, sinamone ea marsh, lipalesa tsa hawthorn le mistletoe e tšoeu li riteloa, li kenngoe le ho nkuoa ka makhetlo a 100 ml makhetlo a 3 ka halofo ea hora pele ho lijo.
• Kopanya litlama ka tsela e latelang: hawthorn (lipalesa) - likarolo tse 5, mamawort (joang) - likarolo tse 5, sinamone (joang) - likarolo tse 5, chamomile (lipalesa) - likarolo tse 2. Li-tablespoons tse peli tsa motsoako li tšela litara e le 1 tsa metsi a belang, tlohela metsotso e 20, strain. Noa 100 ml ea infusion makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.
• Kopanya litlama ka tekanyo e latelang: kumine (litholoana) - karolo e 1, valerian (motso) - likarolo tse 2, hawthorn (lipalesa) - likarolo tse 3, mistletoe e tšoeu (joang) - likarolo tse 4. Li-tablespoons tse peli tsa motsoako li tšela 400 di ml ea metsi a belang, tlohela lihora tse peli, strain. E-ba le linoelo nakong ea letsatsi.
• Kopanya lero le linoko kapa lamunu le pepere, empa ntle le lipeo, tsoekere e granured ho latsoa. Nka tee makhetlo a 3 letsatsi le letsatsi pele lijo.
• Kopanya litlama ka bongata bo latelang: joang bo tloaelehileng ba yarrow - likarolo tse 3, lipalesa tse khubelu tse khubelu tsa mali, joang ba li-Horsetail, joang bo bosoeu ba mistletoe, makhasi a manyane a periwinkle - karolo e le 'ngoe. Tšela thispone ea pokello ka khalase ea metsi a chesang mme u tsitlelle lihora tse 3, pheha metsotso e 5, e pholile le mathata. Nka kopi e le 1 / 3-1 / 4 makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi.
• Kopanya litlama ka mokhoa o latelang: lipalesa tsa hawthorn madi a khubelu, mistletoe joang bo tšoeu - ka ho lekana. Tšela khaba ea pokello le khalase ea metsi a belang, tlohela metsotso e 10 le khatello. Nka linoelo tse 1/3 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, hora e le 'ngoe ka mor'a ho ja.
• Thispone ea litholoana tsa molora o tsoang ka lithabeng tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea kopi e 1 ea metsi a phehiloeng, tlohela ho pholile, mathata. Noa linoelo tse 0,5 makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi.
• Ho bokella metsoako ka likhakanyo tse latelang: marsh cilantro joang, joang bo bolelele ba mamare oa mamare - likarolo tse peli e ngoe le e ngoe, lipalesa tse khubelu tsa hawthorn, joang bo bosehla ba lebaleng - I likarolo. 20 g ea pokello ea tšela 200 ml ea metsi, mocheso ka bateng ea metsi a belang bakeng sa metsotso e 15, o pholile ka metsotso e 45, o tšolla le ho eketsa metsi a belisitsoeng ho palo ea ona ea mantlha. Nka linoelo tse 1/4 ho isa ho 1/3 makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi.
• Bokella metsoako ka bongata bo latelang: tansy (inflorescences), elecampane phahameng (motso) - ka ho lekana. Tšela khaba ea motsoako le linoelo tse peli tsa metsi a belang, pheha ka bateng ea metsi ka lihora tse 1.5, strain. Noa 100 ml makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi lihora tse 2 pele u ja.
• Tšela lihlooho tse 3 tse kholo tsa konofolo le lilam tse 3 ka grinder ea nama, tšela lilithara tse 1,25 tsa metsi a belang, koala ka thata 'me u tsitlelle sebakeng se futhumetseng bakeng sa letsatsi, u hlohlelletsa nako le nako, ebe u qhekella. Noa 1 thispone makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi metsotso e 30 pele ho lijo.
• Ka khatello ea mali e ngata le atherosclerosis 2, khaola lihlooho tse kholo tsa konofolo 'me u tšollele 250 ml ea vodka, fa matsatsi a 12. Nka marotholi a 20 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi metsotso e 15 pele ho lijo. Ho ntlafatsa tatso, o ka eketsa infusion ea koena ho tincture. Nako ea kalafo ke libeke tse 3.
• Tšela marotholi a 3 a lero la lekhala le lecha ka khabeng ea metsi a belang a belang. Nka letsatsi le leng le le leng ka mpeng e se nang letho 1 ka letsatsi. Nako ea kalafo ke likhoeli tse peli. Khatello ke ntho e tloaelehileng.
• Grind 250 g ea horseradish (e hlatsoitsoe le e peeled) ka grater, tšela 3 l ea metsi a batang a phehiloeng, pheha metsotso e 20. Noa 100 ml makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi. Kamora litekanyetso tse 'maloa, khatello e oela ho tloaelehileng.
• 20 g ea makhasi a linaoa a khotsitsoeng, tšela litara e le 'ngoe ea metsi, u phehele ka bateng ea metsi ka lihora tse 3-4, pholile, mathata. Moro a nooa likopi tse 0.5 makhetlo a 4-5 ka letsatsi.
• 10 g ea lipalesa tsa adonis tsa selemo, lipalesa tsa peo ea buckwheat, likhahla tsa metso ea phula, metso ea valerian e halikiloeng, khalase e le 'ngoe ea vodka.
  Tšela pokello e sithabetseng ka khalase e le 'ngoe ea vodka. Tsitlella sebakeng se lefifi ka sejana sa khalase se nang le sekwahelo matsatsi a 20.
  Nka makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi, marotholi a 25 ka karolelano ea 1. l nosetsa metsotso e 30 pele ho lijo.
• 60 g ea veine e omeletseng ea morara, marotholi a 20 a lero le lecha la yarrow, marotholi a 20 a lero la ruta, 10 g ea joang ba buckwheat.
  Kopanya metsoako, ho phehella letsatsi ka sekepeng se lefifi sa khalase sebakeng se futhumetseng.
  Nka nako e 1 ka letsatsi hoseng, metsotso e 3040 pele u ja.
• 5 g ea makhapetla a metsi a sa tebang, 1 g ya joang bo babang bo bobe, 15 g ya joang ba yarrow, 10 g ea flaxseed ea 150, 150 ml ea metsi a belang.
  1 tbsp. l tšela pokello ka har'a lijana tse sa lomosoang, tšela metsi a belang, sekoahelo, tlohela metsotso e 30. Fokotsa infusion e bakoang, hlakola lihlahisoa tse tala.
  Nka makhetlo a mabeli ka letsatsi ka metsotso e 30 pele u ja ka khoeli.
• 10 g ea makhasi a balm ea lemone, 20 g ea li-stigmas tsa poone, lero la 1 lemone, 0.5 l ea metsi a belang.
  Fafatsa lero la lemone. Tšela pokello ka lijaneng tse se nang mabitso, tšela metsi a belang. Boloka ka bateng ea metsi ka metsotso e 20. Tsitlella ho fihlela pholile. Tšela infusion, hlakola lisebelisoa tse tala. Kenya lero la lemone ho infusion e tlang.
  Nka linoelo tse 1/3 makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi metsotso e 30 ka mor'a ho ja. Khanna lithuto tse 3 tsa matsatsi a 7 ka nako ea beke le beke.
• 20 g ea motso oa joang, stigmas ea poone, 10 g ea motso oa valerian, makhasi a peppermint, kopi e 1 ea metsi a belang.
  Kopanya metsoako eohle, 2, tbsp. l pokello e tšeletsoeng ka sekotlolo se se nang mabili, tšela metsi a belang. Pheha ka bateng ea metsi ka metsotso e 20. Tsitlella ho fihlela pholile. Mathata, pepeta lintho tse tala.
  Nka makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi le ho ja ka khoeli.
• 30 g ea metso ea valerian, joang bo tloaelehileng ba anise, joang bo pelo, 20 g ea limela tse omisitsoeng tsa soneblomo, setlama sa yarrow, senoelo se le seng sa metsi a phehiloeng.
  2 tbsp. l sebaka sa pokello ka lijaneng tse se nang mabitso, sekoaelo. Tsitlella ka bateng ea metsi ka metsotso e 20. Kamora ho pholile, sokolisa, sefa lisebelisoa tse tala.
  Nka linoelo tse 1/3 makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi le lijo.

Pele ho tsohle, hoa hlokahala ho qhelella lijo tse mafura le lijo tse nang le k'holeseterole e ngata lijong, ho ja lijo tse tsoekere haholo le bohobe bo bocha, u li nkele mabokose kapa raese. Lihlahisoa tsohle tse liehang nts'etsopele ea atherosulinosis li bohlokoa: litholoana, chisi ea chisi, lihlahisoa tsa lebese (haholo yogurt le whey), lehe le lesoeu, k'habeche, lierekisi, nama ea khomo e phehiloeng, jj. currants, Lemons. Lijo tsena li fokotsa boemo ba chefo 'meleng. Ho ja letsoai ha hoa lokela ho feta 3 g, kapa halofo ea khaba ka letsatsi.

Boithuto ba morao-rao bo fumane kamano pakeng tsa ho ba teng ha calcium le potasiamo 'meleng le khatello ea mali. Batho ba jang lijo tse nang le potasiamo e ngata ba na le khatello e tloaelehileng ntle le ho laola tšebeliso ea letsoai. Calcium le potasiamo li thusa ho tlosa sodium e ngata le ho laola boemo ba methapo ea methapo. Potasiamo e fumaneha ka bongata ka meroho le litholoana, khalsiamo - ka chisi ea chisi.

Thibelo

Ka molao, thibelo ea lefu lena e kenyelletsa ho boloka phepo e nepahetseng le ho ikoetlisa ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba batho ba kulang kapa ba phetseng hantle. Boikoetliso bofe kapa bofe ba 'mele ka mokhoa oa ho matha, ho tsamaea, ho sesa, ho ikoetlisa ka ho ikoetlisa le ho ikoetlisa ka ho phefumoloha bo kenya letsoho keketseho ea matla a ho sebetsa le ho tsitsisa khatello e phahameng ea mali.

Haeba tšoaetso ea khatello ea mali e fumanoe, ha ho na tlhoko ea ho nyahama, ho bohlokoa ho nka karolo ho khethang kalafo e sebetsang hammoho le ngaka e eang.

Bakuli ba nang le lefu lena hangata ba tlameha ho fetola mekhoa ea bona e tloaelehileng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ho emisa tsoelo-pele ea pathology. Liphetoho tsena ha li amane feela le phepo, empa le tloaelo, mofuta oa mosebetsi, mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi, mofuta oa phomolo le lintlha tse ling. Feela ka litlhahiso tsa lingaka, kalafo e tla sebetsa hantle.

Tlhahisoleseling ka kakaretso

Pontšo e etelletseng pele ea khatello ea mali ke khatello e phahameng ea mali, i.e., khatello ea mali e sa khutleleng ho tloaelehileng kamora ho phahama hoa maemo ka lebaka la ho ikitlaetsa hoa kelello kapa boikoetliso ba 'mele, empa bo fokotseha feela kamora ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse antihypertgency. Ho latela likhothaletso tsa WHO, khatello e tloaelehileng ea mali ha e felle ho 140/90 mm Hg. Art. Tekanyo e feteletseng ea systolic e fetang 140-160 mm RT. Art. le diastolic - ho feta 90-95 mm RT. Art., E tlalehiloeng phomolong nakong ea litekanyo tse peli nakong ea litlhahlobo tse peli tsa bongaka, e nkoa e le khatello ea mali.

Ho ata ha khatello ea mali haholo ho basali le banna ho batla ho lekana le 10-20%, hangata lefu lena le ba teng ka mor'a lilemo tse 40, leha khatello ea khatello ea mali hangata e fumanoa esita le ho bacha. Hypertension e etsa hore ho be le tsoelo-pele e potlakileng le tsela e matla ea lefu la ho thinya pelo le ho hlaha ha mathata a behang bophelo kotsing. Hammoho le atherosclerosis, khatello ea mali ke e 'ngoe ea lisosa tse atileng tsa lefu la pele ho nako ho bacha ba sebetsang.

Khetholla pakeng tsa methapo ea methapo ea methapo (kapa ea khatello ea mali) ea mantlha (kapa khatello ea mali) le sekhahla (matšoao) a khatello ea methapo. Matšoao a tšoaetso ea mali a matšoao a 5 ho isa ho 10% ea linyeoe tsa khatello ea mali. Hypertension ea bobeli ke pontšo ea bokuli bo ka tlase: lefu la liphio (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, lefuba, hydronephrosis, tumors, renal artery stenosis), tšoelesa ea qoqotho (thyrotooticosis), grening ea grenthitis (pheochromocytoma, Itsenko-Cushing'sosis, hyperosis ea mantlha). .

Hypertension ea mantlha ea methapo ea kutlo e fetoha lefu le ikemetseng le sa foleng 'me ke lipalo tse ka bang 90% tsa khatello ea methapo ea mali. Ka khatello ea mali e phahameng, khatello e phahameng ea mali ke phello ea ho se leka-lekane tsamaisong ea taolo ea 'mele.

Mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea khatello ea mali

Motheo oa pathogenesis ea khatello ea mali ke keketseho ea molumo oa tlhahiso ea pelo le ho hanyetsa ha bethe ea methapo ea methapo. Ha o sebetsana le boemo ba khatello ea maikutlo, ho ferekana ho tsamaisong ea molumo oa methapo ea kutlo ho hlaha ka litsi tse phahameng tsa boko (hypothalamus le medulla oblongata). Ho na le spasm ea arterioles periphery, ho kenyelletsa renal, e bakang sebopeho sa dyskinetic le discirculatory syndromes. Secretion ea li-neurohormones tsa tsamaiso ea renin-angiotensin-aldosterone e eketseha. Aldosterone, e nka karolo ho metabolism ea liminerale, e baka ho bolokoa ha metsi le sodium ka betheng ea vascular, e leng ho eketsang molumo oa mali o potoloha ka har'a lijana le ho eketsa khatello ea mali.

Ka khatello ea mali ea methapo, methapo ea mali e eketseha, e bakang ho fokotseha ha phallo ea mali le lits'ebetso tsa metabolic liseleng. Marako a likepe a kenang ka sekepeng, a saroloha a bile a phahama ka sekhahla, 'me a etsa hore khatello ea methapo ea mali e se ke ea fetoloa. Hamorao, ka lebaka la ho eketseha ha tumello le plasma ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo, ellastofibrosis le arteriolosclerosis li nts'etsapele, tseo qetellong li lebisang phetohong ea bobeli lithong tsa litho: myocardial sclerosis, encephalopathy ea methapo, hypepantopathy ea mantlha.

Tekanyo ea tšenyo ea litho tse fapaneng tse nang le khatello ea mali e ka se ts'oane, ka hona, mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea bongaka le ea tlhaho e khetholloang ka tšenyo e kholo ea methapo ea liphio, pelo le boko.

Ts'oaretso ea khatello ea mali

Hypertension e thathamisitsoe ho latela matšoao a 'maloa: mabaka a keketseho ea khatello ea mali, tšenyo ea litho tsa' mele, sepheo sa khatello ea mali, nete joalo joalo ka molao-motheo oa thuto ea kelello, ba khetholla lipakeng tsa khatello ea methapo ea methapo (ea mantlha) le ea bobeli (ea matšoao). Ka mofuta oa thupelo, khatello ea mali e ngata e ka ba le boemo bo tsoelang pele (bo tsoelang pele butle-butle) kapa bo kotsi (bo tsoelang pele ka potlako).

Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke boemo le botsitso ba khatello ea mali. Ho latela maemo, ba khetholla:

• Khatello e phahameng ea mali ke 115 mm Hg. Art.

Benign, butle-butle tsoelo-pele ea khatello ea mali, ho latela ts'ebetso ea litho tsa sepheo le nts'etsopele ea maemo a amanang (concomitant), e feta methating e meraro:

Mothati oa I (Hypertension e bonolo le e leka-lekaneng) - khatello ea mali ha e tsitsinyehe, e fokotseha nakong ea letsatsi ho tloha ho 140/90 ho isa ho 160-179 / 95-114 mm RT. Art., Likotsi tse nang le khatello ea maikutlo ha li na seoelo, li bonolo. Ha ho na matšoao a ho senyeha ha tlhaho ho tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo le litho tsa ka hare.

Mothati oa II (khatello e matla ea mali) - khatello ea mali ka bongata ba 180-209 / 115-124 mm RT. Art., Likotsi tse tloaelehileng tsa khatello ea maikutlo. Ka mokhoa o nepahetseng (nakong ea lipatlisiso tsa 'mele, tsa laboratori, echocardiography, electrocardiography, radiograph), ho fokotseha ha methapo ea methapo ea methapo, microalbuminuria, tlhahiso ea "metabolinine" ka plasma ea mali, hypertrophy ea nakoana ea "cholerical" ea nakoana e tlalehiloeng.

Mothati oa III (khatello e matla ea mali) - khatello ea mali e tsoang ho 200-300 / 125-129 mm RT. Art. 'me kaholimo ho hlaha likotsi tse matla tsa khatello e matla ea mali. Tšusumetso e mpe ea khatello ea methapo ea methapo e baka moferefere oa hypertonic encephalopathy, ho hloleha hoa cholericular, nts'etsopele ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo, hemorrhages le methapo ea methapo ea kutlo.

Lintho Tse Kotsi Tsa Kotsi

Karolo e ka sehloohong ho nts'etsopele ea khatello ea mali e bapaloa ke tlolo ea ts'ebetso ea taolo ea mafapha a phahameng a tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng e laolang mosebetsi oa litho tsa ka hare, ho kenyelletsa le tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo. Ka hona, nts'etsopele ea khatello ea mali e ka bakoa ke khatello ea methapo e lulang e ipheta, ho tsitsipana ha nako e telele le ho tsitsipana ho matla, ho tšoha hangata. Matšoenyeho a mangata a amanang le ts'ebetso ea kelello, mosebetsi oa bosiu, tšusumetso ea vibrate le lerata li etsa hore ho be le khatello ea mali.

Ntho e ka bang kotsi holima kholo ea khatello ea methapo ea mali ke ho ja letsoai le lengata, ho etsa hore mokokotlo oa mokokotlo le ho bolokoa ha mokelikeli. Ho netefalitsoe hore tšebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi> 5 g ea letsoai haholo e eketsa menyetla ea ho ba le khatello ea mali, haholo haeba ho ba le lefutso.

Heredity, e eketsoang ke khatello ea mali e ngata, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa kholisong ea eona ka lelapeng le haufi (batsoali, likhaitseli, barab'eso). Monyetla oa ho ba le khatello ea mali e matla o eketseha haholo boteng ba khatello ea mali ho beng ka uena ba babeli kapa ho feta.

Khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea khatello ea mali le ho ts'ehetsa 'mele ka bongata hammoho le mafu a tšoelesa ea adrenal, tšoelesa ea qoqotho, lefu la tsoekere, lefu la atherosclerosis, botenya, mafu a sa foleng.

Ho basali, menyetla ea ho ba le khatello ea mali e eketseha ka ho ilela khoeli ka lebaka la ho se leka-lekane ha lihormone le ho mpefala ha maikutlo le maikutlo. 60% ea basali e fumana khatello ea mali hantle nakong ea ho ilela khoeli.

Taba ea lilemo le bong e bonts'a kotsi e kholo ea ho ba le khatello ea mali ho banna. Nakong ea lilemo tse 20-30, khatello ea maikutlo e eketseha ho banna ba 9.4%, kamora lilemo tse 40 - ho 35%, mme kamora lilemo tse 60-65 - e se e le ho 50%. Sehlopheng sa lilemo ho fihlela lilemo tse 40, khatello ea mali e atile haholo ho banna, masimong a maqheku tekanyo ea phetoho e emetse basali. Sena se bakoa ke sekhahla se phahameng sa lefu la pele ho nako banna ba lilemong tse mahareng ho tloha mats'oafong a khatello ea mali, hammoho le liphetoho tse fetohang 'meleng oa mosali. Hajoale, khatello ea khatello ea mali e ntse e bonoa ho batho ba sa le banyenyane lilemong.

E atlehang haholo khōlong ea khatello ea methapo ea mali ke joala le ho tsuba, lijo tse se nang phepo e ntle, boima bo feteletseng ba mmele, ho se ikoetlise, tikoloho e sa rateheng.

Mathata a khatello ea mali

Ka nako e telele kapa e mpe ea khatello ea methapo ea mali, tšenyo e sa foleng ea lijana tsa litho tse reriloeng e ba teng: boko, liphio, pelo, mahlo.Ho ba teng ha potoloho ea mali kahar'a litho tsena khahlanong le semelo sa khatello e phahameng ea mali ho ka baka nts'etsopele ea angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic kapa ischemic stroke, asthma ea pelo, pulmonary edema, exortating aneortic aneges, lesapo la mokokotlo. Nts'etsopele ea maemo a tšohanyetso a matla khahlanong le semelo sa khatello ea mali e hloka ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali ka metsotso le lihora tse qalang, hobane ho ka lebisa lefung la mokuli.

Mokhoa oa phepelo ea khatello ea mali hangata o kopantsoe le mathata a khatello ea mali - nako le nako ea nakoana khatello ea mali. Nts'etsopele ea lits'oaetso e kanna ea etelloa pele ke khatello ea maikutlo kapa 'mele, khatello ea maikutlo, phetoho maemong a meteorological, jj. Ka tsitsipano ea khatello ea mali, ho phahama ka tšohanyetso ha khatello ea mali ho bonoa, ho ka nka lihora tse' maloa kapa matsatsi mme ho tsamaisana le ho tsekela, ho opeloa ke hlooho, feberu, ho hlatsa, ho hlatsa, Cardialgia bothata ba pono.

Bakuli nakong ea koluoa ​​ea khatello e phahameng ea mali ba tšohile, ba thabile kapa ba thibetsoe, ba otsela, ba le tsietsing e kholo, ba ka lahleheloa ke kelello. Khahlano le semelo sa koluoa ​​ea khatello ea mali le liphetoho tse teng tse teng methapong ea mali, infarction ea myocardial, kotsi ea methapo ea methapo, ho se sebetse hantle ka mpeng ha pelo ho ka hlaha hangata.

Phekolo ea khatello ea mali

Molemong oa phekolo ea khatello ea mali, ho bohlokoa eseng feela ho theola khatello ea mali, empa hape ho lokisa le ho fokotsa kotsi ea mathata ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. Ho thata ho phekola khatello ea mali ka botlalo, empa hoa utloahala ho emisa nts'etsopele ea eona le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa koluoa.

Phaello ea mali e hloka boiteko bo kopaneng ba mokuli le ngaka ho fihlela sepheo se le seng. Boemong bofe kapa bofe ba khatello ea mali, ho a hlokahala:

• Latela lijo tse nang le potasiamo e ngata le magnesium, ho fokotsa letsoai.
• Tlohela ho fokotsa joala le ho tsuba haholo
• Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele
• Eketsa ts'ebetso ea 'mele: ho bohlokoa ho ea bakeng sa ho sesa, ho ikoetlisa ka boikoetliso ba' mele, ho tsamaea,
• Ka tatellano le nako e telele nka litlhare tse boletsoeng tlasa taolo ea khatello ea mali le tlhahlobo e matla ea setsebi sa pelo.

Maemong a khatello ea mali, lithethefatsi tse antihypertgency li laetsoe hore li thibele ts'ebetso ea vasomotor le ho thibela tlhahiso ea norepinephrine, diuretics, β-blockers, antiplatelet agents, hypolipidemic le hypoglycemic, sedatives. Khetho ea kalafo ea lithethefatsi e etsoa ka mokhoa o ikhethileng, ho nahanela maemo a mangata a kotsi, khatello ea mali, ho ba teng ha maloetse a kopaneng le tšenyo ea litho tsa 'mele.

Mekhoa ea katleho ea kalafo ea khatello ea mali ke ho fihlella:

• lipakane tsa nako e khuts'oanyane: phokotso e phahameng ea khatello ea mali ho ea boemong ba mamello e ntle,
• Lipheo tsa nako e mahareng: ho thibela nts'etsopele kapa kholo ea liphetoho molemong oa litho tsa hau tse sebetsoang.
• lipakane tsa nako e telele: thibelo ea mathata a pelo le a mang le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba mokuli.

Prognosis ea khatello ea mali

Liphetho tsa nako e telele tsa khatello ea mali li khethoa ke sethala le tlhaho (boemo bo sa nepahalang kapa bo bobe) ba lefu lena. 'Nete, ts'ebetso ea khatello ea methapo ea mali kapele, khatello ea methapo ea methapo ea mali le ts'enyeho e matla ea methapo e eketsa lebelo la mathata a methapo mme e mpefatsa boemo ba morao.

Ka khatello ea mali e phahameng, menyetla ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la myocardial, stroke, ho nyekeloa ke pelo le lefu la pele ho nako li phahame haholo. Phekolo ea khatello ea mali ha e ratehe bathong ba kulang ba sa le banyenyane. Pejana, kalafo e hlophisehileng le taolo ea khatello ea mali e ka liehisa tsoelo-pele ea khatello ea mali.