- e ntle le e mpe - k'holeseterole ke efe e boletsoeng ka karo-karolelano le litsela tsa ho boloka botsitso?

Cholesterol e ka fapana. E 'ngoe e sireletsa' mele ho tsoa ho atherosulinosis, e 'ngoe e kenya letsoho ho theheng li-cholesterol plaque. Ha khatello ea bona maling e leka-lekana, motho o phela hantle 'me o ikutloa hantle. Sengoloa se tla hlahloba litloaelo tsa k'holeseterole e ntle le e mpe, mesebetsi ea karoloana ka ngoe le litlamorao tsa ho sitisa botsitso ba bona.

Molao-motheo oa ho arola cholesterol ho molemo (HDL) le e mpe (LDL)

Mafura a kenella ka har'a tšilo ea lijo mme a robeha ka li-enzyme tsa pancreatic tse teng ka mpeng e nyane ho triglycerides. Ka sebopeho sena, ba kenella maling. Empa mafura ha a kopane le metsi mme a ke ke a tsamaea ka bolokolohi mali. Ntle le moo, li lokela ho fetisoa ho sebete. Ke moo phetoho ea triglycerides hore e be k'holeseterole e bang teng. Ke ka sebopeho sa eona feela lipids li ananeloang ke lisele, tse sebelisoang ke tsona e le sesebelisoa sa moaho le matla.

Hang ha mafura a se a robehile ebe a kena maling, a kopana le liprotheine. Mechini ea lipalamo e thehoa - lipoproteins. Tsena ke mekotla e nang le limolek'hule tse mafura, holim'a tsona ke liprotheine - li-receptor. Li amehile ka lisele tsa sebete. Sena se ba lumella ho fana ka mafura ka nepo sebakeng seo ba eang ho sona. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lipids leha e le life tse feteletseng tse tsoang maling li fetisetsoa ho sebete.

Tsena ke lipoprotein tse "ntle", li boetse li bitsoa k'holeseterole e "ntle". E khethiloe e le HDL (high density lipoproteins).

Ho boetse ho na le LDL le VLDL (lipoprotein tse tlase le tse fokolang haholo) - "mpe" cholesterol. Tsena ke mekotla e ts'oanang le limolek'hule tsa mafura, empa li-protein tsa "protein" ha li eo holima tsona. Morero oa ho khethoa ha lipoprotein tse tlaase le tse tlase haholo ke tse ling - lisele. Li na le cholesterol, e hlahisoang ke sebete, ho pholletsa le 'mele.

Haeba ka lebaka le itseng litaba tsa "lipodrotein" tse mpe "li eketseha, li lula maboteng a senyehileng a methapo ea mali. Mefuta ea atherosclerotic plaque.

Ha sekepe se senyehile, li-microcracks le maqeba li theha ho epithelium ea eona. Hang-hang liplatelete li “khomarela” tšenyo ebe lioha. O thibela mali. Cover ena e na le tefo e tšoanang le ea LDL, ka hona, ba hoheleha. Ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, pente e thatafala, e senya sekepe hape mme e sitisa lebelo la phallo ea mali. Ka hona, LDL le VLDL li "sebe".

Ho senyeha ha LDL le VLDL ("mpe" cholesterol) maboteng a methapo ea mali, e nyenyefatsang khanya ea bona.

Ha sejana se le sephara haholo, ho thata ho kena mali ka har'a eona. Phallo ea mali e ea fokotseha. Pelo e qala ho sebetsa ka matla a maholo ho lefella ho haella ha lebelo ke matla a khatello. Ka lebaka leo, khatello ea mali le ho eketseha ha methapo ea methapo ea pelo ho ea pele. Ho hloleha ha pelo ho beha le menyetla ea ho tšoaroa ke lefutso.

Phello e 'ngoe e kotsi - seaparo sa mali se ka tsoa' me sa kena maling. Ka leseli le tšesaane la methapo ea mali, e ka emella. Ho 82%, hona ke lefu la tšohanyetso la ho bolaoa ke lefu la stroke (haeba mali a kena kelellong) kapa ho tsoa ho lefu la pelo (haeba le kenella pelong).

Liteko tsa mali a cholesterol e ntle le e mpe

Mali a boloka karolo ea bokahohle ba eona le karolo ea likarolo tsa motho ka mong. Tloaelo ea k'holeseterole e etselitsoe mong le o mong ka lilemo, e fapana ka bong. Basali ba e hloka haholoanyane, k'holeseterole ke motheo oa motsoako oa estrogen.

Kamora 40, matšoao a lipoprotein a "mpe" a fokotseha, ha metabolism e ntse e fokotseha. "E ntle" k'holeseterole e hola e le hore e ka tsamaisa mafura a setseng ka nako ho sebete ho e nchafatsa.

Mongwaha wa monna	Ts'oarello ea LDL, mol/ l	HDL mahloriso, mol/ l
Ho fihla ho 14	1,63–3,34	0,79-1,68
15-19	1,61-3,37	0,78-1,68
20-29	1,71-4,27	0,78-1,81
30-39	2,02-4,45	0,78-1,81
40 le ho feta	2,25-5,34	0,78-1,81

Boemo ba mosali	Ts'oarello ea LDL, mol/ l	HDL mahloriso, mol/ l
Ho fihla ho 14	1,77-3,54	0,79-1,68
15-19	1,56-3,59	0,79-1,81
20-29	1,49-4,27	0,79-1,94
30-39	1,82-4,46	0,78-2,07
40 le ho feta	1,93-5,35	0,78-2,20

Mabapi le lipoprotein

Sebopeho sa li-lipoprotein se nang le lintho tse ngata ke:

liprotheine, cholesterol le phospholipids tse fumanehang kahara membrane ea ka ntle e amohelehang,
triglycerides, cholesterol esters, mafura a mangata, livithamini - tse etsang motheo.

Lipoprotein li khetholloa ka methapo e ikemiselitseng ho hokahana ha liprotheine le lipids. Ha nyane e le karolo ea protheine ea elemente le mafura a mangata, e fokotsa botebo ba eona. Tabeng ena, lipoprotein tsohle li na le sebopeho se tšoanang sa khemikhale.

Palo e Phahameng (HDL)	Tekanyo e tlase (LDL)	Ho ba le letsoalo le tlase haholo (VLDL)	Chylomicrons (XM)
apoprotein	50%	25%	10%	2%
triglycerides	5%	10%	60%	90%
k'holeseterole	20%	55%	15%	5%
lipids tse ling	25%	10%	15%	3%

Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa li-chylomicrons ke ho tsamaisa li-lipids tsa kantle (mafura a tsoang lijong) ho tsoa maling a tsoang mokelong oa lijo ho ea bokong. Li-lipotropics tse tlaase le tse fokolang haholo li tšoara cholesterol ea nako e telele e thehiloeng ke hepatocytes, 'me hammoho le mali, e e isa ho lisele le litho.

Lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo li ikarabella bakeng sa ho tsamaisa cholesterol ea mahala liseleng tsa sebete, ka hona e hloekisa lijana tsa mafura a mangata haholo. Ha boemo ba LDL (cholesterol e mpe) e eketseha, karolo ea mafura a tsamaisitsoeng e "lahlehile tseleng" 'me e sala likepeng.

Ts'ebetso ea karolo e ka hare ea lebota la vascular, endothelium (kapa intima) ke ho sireletsa litho liphellong tsa likarolo tsa mali. Ha ho senyeha endothelium, liplatelete (lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho tsikinyeha) lia bokelloa ho khutlisetsa lebota la sejana, 'me li tsepame sebakeng se senyehileng. Kaha o qosoa ka mokhoa o tšoanang le LDL, liplatelete li hohela mafura.

Kahoo, ho thehoa li-lipid, tse thatafalang ha nako e ntse e feta, 'me li fetoha li-cholesterol plaques. Moralo o tiileng kahare ho sejana o kopanya haholo ho potoloha ha mali. Ka lebaka leo, boko ha bo fumane phepo e nepahetseng, pelo ha e fuoe oksijene hantle.

Ho na le tšokelo ea tlhaselo ea pelo le lichapo. Tšenyo e nyane le e nngoeng ka bongata ho sethong sa sekepe e baka ho lemalla ha nicotine, ho lemalla joala, mafu a amanang le mathata a metabolic, lithethefatsi, tšebeliso ea mali e fetohang mali.

Teko ea mali bakeng sa cholesterol

Microscopy ea mali bakeng sa cholesterol hangata e etsoa e le karolo ea tlhahlobo ea mali a biochemical. Ho latela lipontšo tsa motho ka mong, thuto ea k'holeseterole e ka hlahisoa ka thoko. Matšoao a lipidograms (tlhahlobo e qaqileng ea k'holeseterole) e ka ba:

BMI e ngata (index ea boima ba 'mele), ho seng joalo e nonne,
tšoeroe ke mafu a pelo, methapo ea mali, tsamaiso ea endocrine,
nalane ea litlhaselo tsa pelo le lichapo,
mekhoa e mebe
matšoao a belaetsang a mokuli.

Mali bakeng sa microscopy ea biochemical a hlahlojoa tlhahlobong e tloaelehileng ea bongaka le tlhahlobo ea litsebi. Madi a nkeloa setsing sa bongaka. Ha ho hlahlojoa, mali a venous a tsoang ho mokuli ka mpeng e se nang letho aa hlokahala. Pele ho ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo, mokuli o lokela ho:

felisa lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata, lijo tse halikiloeng, lino tse tahang matsatsi a 2-3 pele ho tlhahlobo ea lijo.
hlokomela ho itima lijo bonyane lihora tse 8,
hana ho koetlisoa ka lipapali le mesebetsi e meng ea 'mele matsatsing a maiketsetso.

Boemo bo atolositsoeng ba lipid bo kenyelletsa cholesterol e felletseng, LDL le HDL ka thoko, li-triglycerides (tse tsoang ho glycerol le mafura acid e leng karolo ea VLDL), atherogenicity coeffnty (CA). Tlhahlobisong e tloaelehileng, ho fapana le e qaqileng, sepakbola se ka se hlahisoe.

Melao ea litšupiso

Sekhahla sa mahloriso a k'holeseterole e felletseng (OH) le lipoprotein e kenyellelitsoeng ho raletsweng ea eona e ipapisitse le maemo a lilemo le bong. Ho basali, boleng ba litšupiso bo phahame ho feta ho banna. Sena se bakoa ke ho nka karolo ha cholesterol tlhahisong ea progesterone le estrogen (lihormone tsa botona le botšehali), 'me karolo ea tlhaho ea' mele oa mosali ke ho boloka mafura bakeng sa ho jara ngoana ka botlalo.

Keketseho e nyane molemong oa cholesterol kamora lilemo tse 60 e hlalositsoe ke ho theoha butle-butle ho amanang le ts'ebetso ea metabolic, le ho fokotseha hoa ts'ebetso ea 'mele. Tekanyo e fokotsehileng ea OX e bitsoa hypocholesterolemia, 'me e phahameng e bitsoa hypercholesterolemia. Setsi sa laboratori ke mmol / L (millimole ka litha).

Moo	Boemo bo amohelehang bo boholo	Eketseha	Hypercholesterolemia
5,2	6,5	7,7	> 7,7

Mongoaha	Li-lipoprotein tse fokolang haholo		Li-lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo
Mongoaha	banna	basali	banna	basali
bana le bacha ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 14	1,6–3,4	1,6–3,5	0,7–1,6	0,7–1,6
bacha ba lilemo li 14 ho isa ho tse 20	1,6–3,3	1,5–3,5	0,7–1,7	0,7–1,8
ho tloha ho 20 ho isa ho 30	1,7–4,2	1,7–4,4	0,8–1,8	0,7–1,9
ho tloha Z0 ho isa ho 40	2,1–4,4	1,8–4,4	0,8–1,8	0,8-2,0
ho tloha ho 40 ho isa ho 60	2,2–5,0	2,0–5,2	0,8–2,0	0,8–2,2
60+	2,5–5,3	2,3–5,6	0,9–2,2	0,9–2,4

Tlas'a lilemo tse 14	14–20	20–30	30–40	40–60	60+
monna	0,3–1,4	0,4–1,6	0,5–2,0	0,5–2,9	0,6–3,2	0,6–2,9
basali	0,3–1,4	0,4–1,4	0,4–1,4	0,4–1,7	0,5–2,3	0,6–2,8

Boemo ba boimana ka tlhaho bo ka phahamisa cholesterol ho basali. Nakong ea bokhachane, ka lebaka la 'mele, keketseho ea lipontšo e khopisa:

maemo a phahameng a progesterone a hlophisitsoeng ke 'mele ho boloka masea,
sebopeho le ntshetsopele ea setho sa nakoana (placenta), hobane cholesterol e sebetsa e le motheo oa mafura bakeng sa lisele tsa eona.

Palo ea cholesterol e eketseha ka ho ima. Tse e seng tsa methapo ke matšoao a latelang (ka mmol / l):

Nako ea lilemo	Ho fihlela lilemo tse 20	Ho tloha ho 20 ho isa ho 30	30 ho isa ho 40	40+
1 trimester	3,0–5,19	3,1–5,8	3,4–6,3	3,9–6,9
2-3 trimester	3,0–9,38	3,1–10,6	3,4–11,6	3,9–11,8

Ha ho baloa coeffnty (index) ea atherogenicity, lipoprotein tse fokolang tsa methapo e lokela ho tlosoa cholesterol e felletseng, 'me e arotsoe ka cholesterol e mpe maling. Ka coeff lekare e lekantsoeng ea boemo ba likepe, u ke ke ua tšoha.

Hangata, sena se etsahala kamora ho ja nako e telele kapa kalafo ea k'holeseterole. Haeba liphetho tsa tlhahlobo e se na boleng ba index ea atherogenicity, boemo ba phallo ea metabolism ea lipid bo ka baloa ka mokhoa o ikemetseng ka ho kenya foromo ea OH le LDL.

2–3	3–4	>4
tloaelehileng	ka tekanyo e fetelletseng	phahameng
metabolism e nepahetseng ea mafura	kotsi ea ho ba le atherosulinosis	matšoao a atherosulinosis

Tekanyo e phahameng ea cholesterol hangata e bakoa ke keketseho ea lipoprotein tse tlaase. Dyslipidemia (ho se leka-lekane ha lipoprotein ea methapo e fapaneng) e ka bakoa ke pathologies e sa foleng, mokhoa o seng kotsi oa bophelo.

K'holeseterole ea mali e eketseha:

boits'oaro bo sa lokelang ba ho ja (ho lemalla lijo tse matlafatsang ka lijo tse mafura, lijo tse halikiloeng, lijo tse tsoang sehlopheng sa lijo tse potlakileng),
Boima bo boima ba 'mele
nikotine le bokhoba ba tahi,
mokhoa oa bophelo ba hypodynamic (haholo-holo hammoho le lijo tse se nang phepo),
khatello ea maikutlo (khatello ea maikutlo ea kamehla ea neuropsychological).

Mafu a amang cholestol ea boemo bo bobe ka ho fetisisa a amana le mathata a metabolic, ts'ebetso ea pelo le maemo a lihormone. Tse atileng haholo ke:

lefu la tsoekere (mofuta oa pele le oa bobeli),
methapo e sa foleng ea tsamaiso ea hepatobiliary (hepatosis, cirrhosis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, jj)
lefu la liphio (pyelonephritis, nephritis, jj),
tlhahiso e sa lekanang ea lihormone tsa qoqotho (hypothyroidism),
ho kenella ka mpeng (malabsorption),
Hypertension, atherosmithosis,
lefu la pelo la coronary, pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis
sehlopha sa maloetse a autoimmune (systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis),
oncopathology kapa ho ruruha ho sa feleng hoa manyeme.

Maemong a mang, cholesterol ea maemo e ka nyoloha ka lebaka la lefutso le futsitsoeng ho hypercholesterolemia. Ho theola boemo ba cholesterol e ntle le hona ho kotsi 'meleng. HDLP e etsa mesebetsi e 'maloa e tšehetsang mosebetsi o felletseng oa setho sohle:

e kenya letsoho tlhahiso ea lihormone tsa thobalano le tsa steroid,
e matlafatsa matlafatso ea litho tsa lisele,
e fana ka mofuta oa vithamine D le li-acid tse tsoang ka lisele tsa sebete,
E boloka khokahano lipakeng tsa methapo ea kelello le mokokotlo.

Ho haella ha cholesterol e ntle ho halefisa ho se atlehe ha lits'ebetso tsena. Ka bofokoli ba HDL, hangata ho ba le mafu a neuro-psychology (letsoalo, ho hloka kelello ha maikutlo le maikutlo, ho felisoa ha libido, khatello ea maikutlo).

Mekhoa ea khalemelo ea metabolism ea lipid

Ho leka-lekanya ho ts'oaroa ha lipoprotein tse ntle le tse mpe, le ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho holisoa ke lefu la pelo le methati e meng ea pelo, ho a hlokahala:

tlohella nikotine le ho se taolo e sa laoleheng,
tsamaea haholoanyane, 'me u eketse nako e sebelisitsoeng moeeng o mocha,
fokotsa boima ba 'mele (moo ho nang le liponto tse eketsehileng).

Phekolo e reheletsoe ho nahanela matšoao ohle a boemo ba lipid. Ka keketseho e nyane sekhahla sa cholesterol, ho lekane ho fetola mokhoa oa ho ja. Maemong a rarahaneng le ho feta, phepo eo e tlatselletsoa ka meriana le litlatsetso tsa ho ja.

Lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng ho fokotsa k'holeseterole

Palo ea cholesterol e hloekileng e kentsoeng lijo ha ea lokela ho feta 0,3 g / letsatsi (300 mg). Ho fumana sephetho se sebetsang lijong, palo ena e ntlafatsoa hamolemo. Ha ho hlokahale ho bala litaba tsa k'holeseterole lihlahisoa. Litsebi tsa phepo e ntlafalitse litafole tse ikhethileng, ka lebaka leo ho khothalletsoa ho etsa menu ea letsatsi le letsatsi.

Ho tsoa lijong, ho hlokahala hore o felise lijo tse nang le mafura a liphoofolo le lijo tse phehiloeng ka tsela e makatsang. Etsa bonnete ba hore o kenya meroho ea meroho, litholoana, lijana tse tsoang ho linaoa le linaoa.

E thibetsoe	E lumelletsoe
mafura a dikolobe le mafura	nama ea nama ea mohatla, mmutla, khoho
Ho boloka: sechu, nama ea khomo, tlhapi e halikiloeng	lihlapi
soseji	lihlahisoa tse tlase tsa mafura le lebese
Li-sauces tse mafura a mayonnaise	meroho e ncha le e phehiloeng (e lokela ho ba hop)
tranelate e bolila 20% kapa ho feta, chisi 40% kapa ho feta	malee: linaoa, likuku, lensisi
mabenyane a tsoang puff le pastcrust pastry	litholoana
a tsuba Bacon, tlhapi	lijo-thollo (buckwheat, raese, harese)
Lijo tse monate tsa nama le lihlahisoa tse felileng ka halofo	sauerkraut

Hoa hlokahala ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea botoro ho 10 g / letsatsi. Nahana ka oli ea mohloaare, lebese la lebese, peo ea morara, folaxe. Boithuto ba morao-rao bo qheletse ka thōko mahe le likerese lenaneng le thibetsoeng. Mahe a likhoho le a likoekoe a lumelloa ho menu habeli ka beke. Lard e na le arachidonic acid, e thusang ho tlosa cholesterol e mpe, 10-15 g / letsatsi la sehlahisoa se seng letsoai haholo le lumelletsoe.

Lihlahisoa tsa k'holeseterole e tlase tse nang le phytosterols (avocados), lutein le carotonoids (meroho e tsoang serapeng). Lino tse nang le thuso ke mookotlo oa rosehip o nang le asiti e ngata ea ascorbic, le tee e tala e nang le li-polyphenols tse ngata. Ha o etsa lethathamo la lijo, ho khothalletsoa ho tataisoa ke melao ea phepo e nepahetseng "Tafoleng ea 10" (ho latela sehlopha sa V. Pervzner).

Meriana ea Hypocholesterol

Meriana le litlatsetso tsa phepo e ka fokotsang litaba tsa LDL li kenyeletsa:

Maemo	Fibrate
mochini oa ketso	ho thibela ho belisoa ha cholesterol leseleng	hlakola le ho tlosa LDL le VLDL
khokahano	hepatitis, cirrhosis, nako ea ho tsoala le ho fepa ngoana, ho se mamellane ka seqo	decomplication ea liphio le sebete, calculi ka gallbladder le bile ducts, nako ea pherekano le lactational ho basali, lilemo tse nyane
litokisetso	Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, Rosuvastatin, Pitavastatin	Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Bezafibrat, Fenofibrate

Maemong a ho se mamelle lithethefatsi ho tsoa sehlopheng sa li-statins, li nkeloa lithethefatsi ka sepheo se tobileng sa ho tlama le ho pepesa li-acid acid.Cholestyramine le foromo ea "chlestidum" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "Hases" Khahlano le tumellano ea kopano le emong ke ho ima le ho senyeha ha mmele.

Lijo tse tlatsetsang tse nang le mafura a omega-3 le omega-6 acid, oli ea tlhapi, lipoic acid li thusa ho eketsa cholesterol e ntle. Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa cholesterol le tlatsetso ea biological li lumelloa feela ka tumello ea ngaka. Lithethefatsi li na le li-contraindication, ho itlhalosa ho ka baka bophelo bo botle.

Lithuto tsa 'mele le lipapali

Mesebetsi ea kamehla ea lipapali e thusa ho theola cholesterol ea mali hantle le ho hloekisa methapo ea mali. Ka ts'ebetso ea 'mele,' mele o na le oksijene e lekaneng, e ntlafatsang phallo ea mali. Boikoetliso ba hoseng, aerobics ea metsi le ho sesa, litlelase tsa yoga li tšoaneleha hantle bakeng sa koetliso e hlophisehileng.

Ntle le moo, boikoetliso bo hlophisitsoeng hantle bo thusa ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele le ho fokotsa khatello ea mali (low khatello ea mali). Khetho e ntle ke lipapali ho moea o mocha (ho tsamaea ka Sefinnishe, ho palama baesekele).

Tekanyo ea cholesterol (cholesterol) maling e tlameha ho laoloa bonyane hang ka selemo. Batho ba nang le lefu la pelo, methapo ea tsamaiso ea endocrine, ba nang le boima ba 'mele, batho ba tsubang ba khothalletsoa hore ba hlahlojoe makhetlo a 3-4 ka selemo. Li-dopity lipoprotein tse tlase (cholesterol e mpe), e behiloeng maboteng a ka hare a methapo ea mali, e halefisa nts'etsopele ea atherosulinosis le mafu a mang.

Li-lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo (cholesterol e ntle), li matlafatsa marako a methapo, li kenya letsoho ho tloseng mafura a mangata. Moeli o lumelletsoeng o kaholimo oa cholesterol e felletseng maling ke 5.2 mmol / L. Ka keketseho ea tloaelo, ho hlokahala ho pheta phepo, ho tlohela nicotine le joala, ikoetlise kamehla.

Karo-karolelano ea likaroloana e reng?

Monyetla oa ho ba le mafu a pelo le methapo e hakanyetsoa ke karolelano ea cholesterol e felletseng le HDL. Ena ke index ea atherogenic. E baloa ho latela data ho tsoa tlhahlobong ea mali.

Ho bala ho lekana, o hloka ho nka letšoao la lipoprotein "tse ntle" ho tsoa mokhatlong o felletseng oa cholesterol tlhahlobong ea mali. Palo e setseng e boetse e arotsoe ho HDL. Boleng bo fumaneng ke index (e lekantsoeng) ea atherogenicity.

Ka mokhoa o loketseng, e lokela ho ba 2-3, haeba letšoao le sa nyenyefatsoe, ngaka e tla batla bokuli bo tšoanang le bona. E amme ho se leka-lekane ha lipids. Empa monyetla oa ho theha atherosclerosis ka selekane se sa tsotelleng ha se joalo.

Haeba palo e hlahisitsoeng e phahame ho feta e tloaelehileng, joale ho na le kotsi ea ho thehoa ha li-atherosmithotic plaque le mafu a pelo. Letšoao la 3-5, kotsi e hlahlojoa e le bohareng. Lijo tse lekaneng le tšebetso e eketsehileng ea 'mele ea ho khutlisetsa mmele ho tloaelehileng. Ka komporo ea atherogenic e kholo ho feta 5, atherosulinosis e teng ebile e tsoela pele. Mokuli o amehile ka khatello ea mali le mofuta oa pele oa ho hloleha ha pelo.

Boikemisetso ba coefficient ea atherogenic ho latela Friedwald

Ho latela mokhoa oa Friedwald, ho latela k'holeseterole e felletseng le HDL k'holeseterole e baloa ka bongata. Kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la pelo le hlahlojoa ke eona.

LDL = K'holeseterole e akaretsang - (HDL + TG / 2.2)

Moo k'holeseterole e leng k'holeseterole, TG ke boemo ba triglycerides maling.

Boemo ba mathata a metabolism ea lipid bo ka khethoa ka boithatelo. Bapisa palo e hlahisitsoeng le tloaelo ea LDL tafoleng bakeng sa bong ba hau le lilemo tsa hau. Ha tlhoko ea "cholesterol" e mpe e le matla, e ba le menyetla ea ho holisa atherosulinosis le litlamorao tsa eona.

Lisosa tsa High LDL

Keketseho ea cholesterol "e mpe" e hlaha ka mabaka a latelang:

tšebeliso e boima ea lijo tse mafura le tse halikiloeng, tlhekefetso ea lijo tse potlakileng,
lefu la metabolic

Hypertriglyceridemia - e feta meeli e kaholimo ea cholesterol e nepahetseng le triglycerides ka kakaretso.

Nakong ea kemolo, cholesterol e lula e phahame. Hona ke tloaelo. Kamora ho beleha ngoana, o oa haholo. Nakong ea ho ba le bana, k'holeseterole e hlokahala bakeng sa motsoako oa lihormone le sebopeho sa placenta (hangata e na le lipids).

Maemong ohle a mang, ho se leka-lekane ha lipid ho fosahetse.

Mekhoa ea ho fokotsa bobe le ho phahamisa cholesterol e ntle

Ho na le lintlha tse tharo bakeng sa khalemelo ea mathata a metabolism ea lipid:

Haeba coheroffe ea atherogenic e sa feteng 5, u tla ba le lijo tse lekaneng le boikoetliso. Maemong a tsoetseng pele, meriana e hokahane.

Lijo le lijo

Lijo tse fokotsang k'holeseterole e bitsoa Mediterranean. U hloka ho tlosa mafura ohle a liphoofolo ho tsoa lijong, ho kenyelletsa palo e kholo ea meroho, litholoana le polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).

Li-PUFA ke omega-3, omega-6 le omega-9. Li qhala li-cholesterol plaque. ПЖК ke karolo ea lihlahisoa:

Mafura a phetseng hantle le a seng kotsi.

Mafura a liphoofolo a fumanoa lijong tse latelang (ho fokotsa cholesterol kapele, li tlameha ho behelloa ka thoko):

nama e mafura
sose e tsubiloeng le e sa tsubang e tsubelle,
margarine, botoro,
chisi
lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse mafura,
mahe
lijo tse halikiloeng (k'holeseterole e thehoa ha e halika lijo life kapa life ka oli).

Pheta mafura a liphoofolo ka mafura a meroho. Sebakeng sa tranelate e bolila le mayonnaise, sebelisa oli ea meroho. Ha li na tatso e tlase ebile li na le thuso e ngata. Hoa hlokahala ho hana moroho oa nama. Li na le mafura a liphoofolo. E-ja sopho ea litlhapi. Li-PUFA tsohle li ka har'a moro. E kenella ka potlako, 'me lintho tse sebetsang li qhibiliha lithapo tse ka har'a likepe.

Ho eletsoa ho ja meroho le litholoana lijong tsohle. Holimola litholoana tsa lilamunu, liapole, li-avocados le linate. Har'a meroho e bohlokoa ka ho khetheha: tamati, zucchini, squash, eggplant, konofolo. Mekhoa e khothalletsoang ea ho pheha: ho pheha, ho tataisa, ho utsoa.

Ho ikoetlisa le papali

Moroalo o lokela ho tsamaisana le boemo ba hau ba 'mele. Ho molemo ho buisana le ngaka ka taba ena. Haeba mathata a pelo a se a le teng, ipehele meeli ea ho tsamaea ka moea o mocha letsatsi le letsatsi. Bonyane lihora tse peli ka letsatsi.

Haeba boemo bo tsitsitse, atherosclerosis ha e qale, ikoetlise, ikoetlise ka physiotherapy. Ha u bapala lipapali, ho potoloha ha mali hoa ntlafala, li-cholesterol plaque lia rarolla. Ho kopantsoe le lijo, ho ikoetlisa ho sebetsa hantle haholo. Kamora likhoeli tse 1-2, o ka fokotsa sesupo sa "cholesterol" e mpe "ho tloaelehileng.