Metabolism ke eng: tlhaloso, matšoao le thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere
Re fana ka maikutlo a hore u bale sengoloa se buang ka sehlooho se reng: "Tlhaloso ea syndrome ea metabolic, matšoao le thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere" e nang le maikutlo a litsebi. Haeba u batla ho botsa potso kapa ho ngola maikutlo, o ka etsa sena ka tlase, kamora sengoloa. Setsebi sa rona sa endoprinologist se ikhethang se tla u araba.
Hangata, mokuli o hlahisa li-syndromes tse fapaneng tsa tsoekere, haholo-holo metabolic. Letšoao lena le bonahala ka matšoao a ho hloleha ha pelo le mathata, mathata a khatello, botenya, ho fetoha ha mali kapele, ho etsahalang khahlano le semelo sa maikutlo a tlase ho insulin. Boemo bona bo tsebahala ka mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere. Tharollo ke meriana, lijo tse nang le nama e fokolang ea carb, sete ea koetliso ea physiotherapy. Empa metabolic syndrome e ka ba sesosa sa nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere.
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Tlas'a metabolic syndrome ho boleloa palo e eketsehileng ea mafura a subcutaneous, moo kutlo ea cellular le tishu ho insulin e fokotsang ka nako e ts'oanang. Ho bakuli ba nang le metabolic syndrome, botenya bo bonoa khahlano le semelo sa "metabolism" e senyehileng. Tse latelang ke mehloli ea mantlha e hlahisang metabolic syndrome:
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- mamello e fokotsehileng ea lik'habohaedreite,
- ho eketseha ha insulin,
- metabolism ea mafura a senyehileng,
- tloaelo e atisang ho hlahella,
- ho nona haholo.
Haeba bonyane mabaka a mabeli a boletsoeng ka holimo a bonoa, monyetla oa ho ba le metabolic syndrome o eketseha haholo.
Ho latela lipalo-palo tsa WHO, batho ba limilione tse 60 ba nang le lefu la metabolic syndrome ba ka ba le lefu la tsoekere ka tsela e fapaneng. Lefu lena le bonahala eseng ho batho ba baholo feela, lilemong tsa morao tjena palo ea bacha e nang le metabolic syndrome e eketsehile haholo. Metabolic syndrome e iponahatsa khafetsa ebile e amahanngoa le mokhoa o fosahetseng oa batho.
Ho haelloa ke metabolic ka mofuta oa 1 kapa lefu la tsoekere la 2 ho bakoa ke khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng le ho se ikoetlise. Ka metabolic syndrome nakong ea lefu la tsoekere, kamano e lipakeng tsa insulin le insulin e amang maikutlo le li-receptor ea senyeha. Lebaka le ka sehloohong la nts'etsopele ea lefu lena ke ho loants'oa ha "insulin", ho qholotsang ho qala ha lefu la tsoekere. Boemo bo hlaha ka mabaka a latelang:
- phatsa ea tlhaho
- ho hloka tsebo ea li-insulin receptors,
- boits'ireletso ba mmele o sa senyeheng, oo ka oona li itšireletsoang ka metsoako
- tlhahiso e sa tloaelehang ea insulin, e sa khone ho nka karolo moelong oa insulin.
Lisosa tsa nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome le ponahalo e latelang ea lefu la tsoekere e kenyeletsa:
- Lijo tse fosahetseng, tse laoloang ke mafura le lik'habohaedreite
- bophelo bo sa sebetseng, boo ho bona motho a sa sisinyeheng a bile a sa ikoetlise habobebe,
- khatello ea mali e phahameng ea nako e telele
- maemo a sithabetsang ao palo ea tsoekere ho 'mele e eketsehang le tlhahiso ea "insulin",
- li-insulin tse ngata haholo, tse atisang ho bonoa ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le itlamileng ka lefu la tsoekere,
- Horma Horne
- liphetoho tse amanang le lilemo:
Khutlela tafoleng ea litaba
Matšoao a lefu la metabolic ho lefu la tsoekere
Ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea methapo ea methapo e tšoailoe ke nts'etsopele e boreleli hape e sa susumetseng, ka lebaka leo kotsi ea lipontšo tsa bophelo ba motho e eketsehang.Ka metabolic syndrome, ho bontšoa matšoao a latelang:
- Mokete oa mpefala le ho ikutloa o lapile.
- Mokhathala o eketseha ka lebaka la hore lisele tsa 'mele li lula li le tlala.
- Takatso ea lijo e robehile, ka lebaka leo motho a lulang a batla ho ja liswiti.
- Ho otla ha pelo ho ntse ho eketseha khafetsa ka lebaka la mosebetsi o eketsehileng oa insulin.
- Ho na le bohloko pelong le hloohong ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha methapo ea mali.
- Ho na le maikutlo a ho nyekeloa le takatso ea ho hlatsa.
- Khokahano e robehile.
- Ho na le lenyora le sa khaotseng le tsoang ho mucosa ea molomo, e bolelang tsoelo-pele ea lefu la tsoekere.
- Ho sokela hangata ho hlaha ka lebaka la ho se sebetse hantle ha tšilo ea lijo.
- Ho eketsa tlhahiso ea mofufutso, haholoholo bosiu.
Ho a khonahala ho khetholla nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome ka lipontšo tsa kantle:
- botenya ba ka mpeng, boo motho a hlaphoheloang kapele ka mpeng, mahetleng,
- Letšoele le bofubelu letlalong, le hlahang ka lebaka la tsitsipano ea methapo ea mali,
- phetoho ea khatello ea mali.
Khutlela tafoleng ea litaba
Mellitus e itšetlehileng ka lefu la tsoekere ke motsoako oa metabolic syndrome. Batho ba nang le ho kheloha ho joalo ba kotsing mme ba na le menyetla e habeli ho feta ea ba bang ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere.
Kotsi ho nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere ho bonahala e le ho bakuli ba nang le mamello e tloaelehileng ea tsoekere. Nts'etsopele ea lefu le joalo ho lefu la tsoekere e amahanngoa le ho senyeha ha lisele le lisele tsa mmele ho insulin. Ho kheloha hona ke tšusumetso e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere. Makhopho a makhopho a sebetsa ka matla a eketsehileng, 'me ka mor'a nakoana a emisa tlhahiso ea insulin. Ka lebaka la palo e phahameng ea tsoekere maling ka mehla, manyeme a ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea insulin. Kamora nako, lits'ebetso tsa metabolic lia senyeha, mme motho o fumanoa a e-na le lefu la tsoekere le lahleloang ke lefu la tsoekere. Kotsi ke batho ba nang le litlolo tse joalo:
- khatello ea mali
- feta
- lefu la mokokotlo la mokokotlo
- lefu la sebete la mafura
- lefu le sa sebetseng.
Khutlela tafoleng ea litaba
Ho thata ho tseba ka boeona li-syndromes tsa lefu la tsoekere; bakuli ba joalo ba hloka ho buisana le endocrinologist kapa psychologist. Ngaka e tla hlahloba mokuli 'me e bokelle nalane ea lefu la kelello. Litsamaiso tse tlamang nakong ea tlhatlhobo ea pele ke:
- e boima
- tekanyo ea letheka le thekeng
- tekanyo ea khatello ea mali.
Kamora moo, ngaka e lekanya index ea boima ba 'mele, moo a arolang matšoao a boima ka bophahamo ba motho. Ka tloaelo, matšoao a lokela ho ba maemong a 18.5-25. Haeba index e feta moeling oa 25, joale botenya bo fumanoa. Ntle le moo, liteko tsa laboratori tsa letlalo le mali lia hlokahala. Lipalo tse latelang tsa mali li bontša nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere khahlano le semelo sa metabolic:
- li-triglycerides tse phahameng le maemo a tsoekere,
- fokotsa "cholesterol" e ntle
- ho eketsa cholesterol e phahameng haholo
- mamello ea tsoekere e sa sebetseng hantle.
Khutlela tafoleng ea litaba
Li-syndromes tsa metabolism tsa mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere li beha kotsi e kholo bophelong ba motho le bophelong. Tabeng ena, kalafo ea hang-hang ea hlokahala. Pele ho tsohle, mokuli ea nang le Psychology e joalo o lokela ho fetohela phepong e khethehileng le ho tloaela mesebetsi ea makoloi. Haeba mokuli a latela lijo, joale likhoeling tse 6 tse qalang ho tla ba bonolo ho ntlafatsa boemo le ho theola boima ba 'mele.
Haeba mokuli a e-na le khatello ea mali, e kenyelletsa ho ntlafatsoa ha metabolic syndrome. Ebe lithethefatsi tse antihypertensive li fanoa. Ho thibetsoe ka thata ho nka lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sena ka bosona, li lokela ho fuoa ngaka feela, ho latela liphetho tsa liteko tsa laboratori le boemo ba mokuli.Ka ho kheloha ho metabolism ea mafura, ho fanoa ka li-statins le li-fibrate, tse ka fokotsang k'holeseterole e maling.
Ho lokisa ho hanyetsa insulin, ho hlokahala hore u noe lithethefatsi tse tsoekere e tlase.
Ho etsa hore metabolism e tloaelehe, ho ngotsoe likarolo tsa vithamine.
Pheko e rarahaneng ea metabolic syndrome e kenyelletsa li-vithamine le liminerale tse u lumellang hore o fetole metabolism. Ha u lahla ho ba le botenya, ngaka e fa mokuli litlhare tse latelang:
- Lintho tse thibelang mafura,
- meriana e fokotsang takatso ea ho ja,
- litlhare tse thetsang.
Khutlela tafoleng ea litaba
Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho tlosa metabolism ea metabolic ntle le ho shebella phepo e nepahetseng. Mokuli o lokela ho latela lijo tse nang le carb e tlase ho khutlisetsa kutloisiso ea sele ho insulin le ho nolofatsa maemo a cholesterol. E lumelloa ho ja lijo tse fokotsang tsoekere ea mali. Tsena li kenyelletsa lijana tsa nama tsa mofuta o fe kapa o fe, mahe, lihlapi tsa mefuta e fapaneng le lihlahisoa tsa lebese, chisi, meroho e tala, linate. Lijo tse joalo li bontšoa ho bakuli ba seng ba ntse ba e-na le lefu la tsoekere khafetsa khahlanong le semelo sa lefu la tsoekere. Ho khothalletsoa hore nako le nako phepo e joalo e hlokomeloe ho thibela metabolic syndrome ho batho ba kotsing.
Tlas'a metabolic syndrome ho utloisisoa ha metabolism, ho bonts'ang kotsi e eketsehang ea lefu la pelo le lefu la tsoekere le sa ts'epeng insulin. Motheo oa lefu lena ke ho itšireletsa ha lisele ho insulin. Bakuli ba na le tsoekere e phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, ha e kenye tekanyo e hlokahalang ho lisele.
Metabolic syndrome ke keketseho ea bongata ba mafura a ikhethileng ha a ntse a fokotsa kutloisiso ea lisele le lisele tsa mmele ho insulin. Bakuli ba fumanoa ba na le botenya. Bo-ramahlale ba Maamerika ba mathoasong a bo-90. Lekholong la ho qetela la lilemo, ho fumanoe hore lefu la metabolic le iponahatsa kahara motho haeba a na le bonyane tse peli tsa maemo ana a bophelo.
- mamello e fokotsehileng ea lik'habohaedreite,
- eketsa ho hanela ha litho tsa 'mele ho insulin,
- tlolo ea metabolism ea mafura 'meleng,
- tloaelo e eketsehileng ea ho etsa likhahla tsa mali,
- keketseho ea khatello ea mali
- botenya.
Lintlha tsa WHO li bontša hore Europe feela, batho ba limilione tse 60 ba na le metabolic syndrome, ke hore, ka nako e ts'oanang ba na le monyetla o moholo oa ho ba le lefu la tsoekere. Litaba tsa ho ntlafatsoa ha lefu la metabolic har'a bacha li atile khafetsa. Ona ke a mang a mathata a atileng haholo a bongaka, a amanang haholo le mokhoa o fosahetseng.
Insulin, ntle le ho fetelletsa taba, ke e 'ngoe ea li-hormone tsa bohlokoahali ho batho. Empa hore e sebetse, e hloka ho ikamahanya le li-receptor tse nang le insulin. Ke ka tsela ena feela e ka kenang ka seleng ebe e etsa mesebetsi ea eona, e amanang haholo le taolo ea litekanyetso tsa tsoekere.
Metabolic syndrome e mpa e hatisa tsela e tloaelehileng ea ts'ebetso tsena. Ho hanyetsa insulin ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu lena, le lona le bakang lefu la tsoekere. Lisosa tsa ho hanyetsa insulin:
- tloaelo ea lefa
- insulin inseptitivity
- mosebetsi oa boits'ireletso ba mmele o hlahisang li-antibodies tse khethehileng,
- metabolic syndrome ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa insulin e ka hlaha ka lebaka la tlhahiso ea insulin e sa tloaelehang, ha e khone ho nka karolo molemong oa insulin.
Metabolic syndrome e na le lisosa tse ling.
- Lijo tse nang le mafura le lik'habohaedreite tse ngata. Ha e le hantle e baka botenya mme e kenya letsoho ho bokelleng k'holeseterole. Tekanyo e phahameng ea tsoekere le mafura li ka baka lefu la tsoekere.
- Mokhoa oa bophelo o sa sebetseng. Ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha ts'ebetso ea motor, matla a methapo ea metabolic a fokotseha.E baka botenya le lefu la tsoekere.
- Khatello e telele le e sa sebetsanoang nako e telele. Ka lebaka lena, ho potoloha ha mali ho potoloha, ho boetse ho baka ho fokotseha hoa kutlo ea lisele ho insulin.
- Ka lebaka la bokhoba ba ho ja lijo tse nang le khalori e tlase, motho o boetse o senya metabolism. Lisele le lisele li qala ho "boloka" matla. Ts'ebetso ena e baka botenya. Boemo ba nako e telele ba ho ba le botenya le ho ja ka tsela e sa lekanang bo ka baka lefu la tsoekere.
- Khatello ea kelello e sitisa tlhahiso ea "insulin" ka ho eketsa maemo a tsoekere.
- Ho nka glucagon, corticosteroids, lihormone tsa qoqotho li eketsa maemo a tsoekere, kaha ke bahanyetsi ba insulin.
- Tekanyetso e feteletseng ea insulin, hangata e hlaha ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le lahleloang ke "insulin".
- Mathata a Hormonal.
- Liphetoho tse amanang le lilemo.
- Apnea
Kahoo, mochini oa nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere ke hore, ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e tlase, maikutlo a methapo e ikarabellang bakeng sa tšebelisano ea lisele ka insulin ha a na botsitso. Ka lebaka lena, manyeme a hlahisa lihormone tsena le ho feta. Ka lebaka la hyperinsulinemia, botenya bo hlaha, metabolism ea mafura ea ferekanngoa, khatello ea eketseha. Kamora nako, metabolism ea insulin e senyehileng e eketsa palo ea tsoekere le litlamorao tsohle tse mpe. Sena sohle ka tsela e rarahaneng le nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome e ba le imperceptibly, e etsang hore e thelle haholo. Haholo-holo, bakuli ba tletleba ka matšoao a joalo.
- Tlala e sithabetsang maikutlo.
- Ho tepella ho phahameng ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore lisele tsa' mele li lula li bolaoa ke tlala. Leha ho le joalo, sena se etsahala khahlano le semelo sa tsoekere e ngata maling.
- Takatso ea lijo. Monna ho fetisisa o batla liswiti.
- Lipelo tsa pelo. Sena se bakoa ke ketsahalo ea insulin.
- Bohloko bo pelong.
- Bohloko bo leng hloohong (bo amanang le ho fokotseha ha lijana tse fepang boko).
- Nausea
- Tlolo ea molao oa khokahano ea mekhatlo.
- Ho bata, ho omella ha mucosa ea molomo ho bontša hore motho o ba le lefu la tsoekere.
- Keketseho e kholo ea ho sokela, haholo-holo ka lebaka la tšitiso ea tšilo ea lijo.
- Ho eketsa mofufutso, haholo bosiu.
Ntle le moo, lefu la metabolic le bona matšoao a joalo.
- Ho nona ka mpeng. E bonahatsoa ke ho bonahala hoa mafura ka mpeng le mahetleng (hoo ho thoeng ke mpa ea biri). Mokelikeli oa mafura o qala ho haha ho potoloha litho. Mafura a qala ho pata lintho tse nang le phello e molemo molemong oa ho ba le botenya le ho eketsa bongata ba lintho tse amehang ho kopaneng ha mali.
- Ponahalo ea matheba a khubelu letlalong e amahanngoa le ho fokotseha ha methapo ea mali.
- Matšoao a khatello ea mali a tla fetoha.
Liphetoho tse latelang tsa laboratori maling li etsahala:
- triglycerides ea eketseha
- palo ea seo ho thoeng ke k'holeseterole e ntle ea fokotseha, 'me palo ea k'holeseterole e phahameng ea eketseha,
- litekanyetso tsa tsoekere e potlakileng ea phahama
- mamello ea tsoekere e mpefala
- limolek'hule tsa protheine li hlaha ka har'a moroto ka lebaka la methapo ea methapo.
Sena sohle se fana ka maikutlo a hore motho o hlaolela lefu la tsoekere.
Lefu la tsoekere mellitus (le sa itšetleheng ka insulin) ke le leng la mathata a mantlha a metabolic syndrome. Batho ba nang le mathata a joalo a metabolic ba kotsing ea lefu la tsoekere makhetlo a mabeli le halofo ho feta maemong a mang. Bakuli ba nang le mamello e tloaelehileng ea tsoekere le bona ba na le kotsi e eketsehileng ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere.
Kamano ena e bakoa haholo ke taba ea hore ho senyeha ha lisele le litho tsa 'mele ho insulin ke sesosa sa nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere. Makhopho a makhopho a qala ho sebeletsa ho apereha, 'me kapele a hana ho hlahisa insulin. Ho eketseha khafetsa ha tsoekere ho etsa hore manyeme a hlahise insulin e ngata. Ts'ebetso ea metabolic 'meleng e ferekane,' me motho o kula ka lefu la tsoekere le itšetlehileng ka insulin.
Sehlopha sa kotsi se kenyeletsa bakuli ba nang le mafu a latelang:
- khatello ea mali
- botenya (haholo phatlalatso),
- lefu la pelo
- mafura a sebete a sebete,
- bophelo ba ho lula fatše, haholo kamora letšoao la lilemo tse 35,
- lefutso le bohloko.
Litsebi tsa kalafo, li-endocrinologists hangata li kenya letsoho ho hlokeng lefu lena. Taba ea pele, ngaka e etsa tlhahlobo e nang le nalane. Etsa bonnete ba hore u lekanya boima ba 'mele, sebaka sa letheka, letheka, khatello ea mali. Lenane la boima ba 'mele le lekanyetsoa: bakeng sa sena, boima ba motho (ka kilogram) bo arotsoe ke letšoao la kholo ho metres le disentimitara, tse lekantsoeng. Mohlala, ka boima ba 'mele ba 80 lik'hilograma le bophahamo ba 1,7 m, index ena e tla ba 80 / (1.7 * 1.7) = 80 / 2.89 = 27.6. Tloaelo ke 18.5-25. Maemong ana, re sebetsana le botena, ke hore, ka boima ba mmele bo feteletseng.
Patlisiso ea laboratori ea letlalo le eona ea tlameha. Tlhahlobo ea biochemistry e tla thusa ho bona litšobotsi tse hlahang ka lefu lena.
Haeba mokuli a e-na le matšoao a lefu la metabolic, ho hlokahala hore a qale kalafo kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang. Khetlo la pele, sena ke ho bolokoa ha phepo e nepahetseng le tloaelo ea ho ikoetlisa. Ho khomarela ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng lijong ho thusa ho fokotseha ho sa feleng ha boima ba 'mele likhoeling tse tšeletseng tse qalang.
Phekolo ea khatello ea khatello ea mali e haholo ka ho nka lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive. Li tlameha ho ba le phello e tšoarellang nako e telele. Ke ngaka feela e ka khethang kalafo ka lithethefatsi tse joalo motheong oa nalane ea bongaka, liteko tsa laboratori, hammoho le litšobotsi tsa motho ka mong.
Phekolo ea pathologies ea metabolism ea mafura e kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea li-statins le li-fibrate. Ba theola cholesterol ea mali. Khalemelo e tlamang ea ho hanyetsa insulin: bakeng sa sena, ke tlamo ho nka lithethefatsi tse fokotsang tsoekere.
Phekolo ea metabolic syndrome ha e khonehe ntle le ho nka livithamini, lithethefatsi tse thathamisang metabolism. Phekolo ea ho nona haholo e na le:
- ho khethoa ha li-inhibitors tsa mafura,
- ho hatella takatso ea lijo
- ho fana ka litlatsetso
Phekolo ea metabolic syndrome, haholo ha mokuli a fumanoa a na le botenya, ho molemo haholo ha a ka ja lijo tse bobebe tsa carb. Sena se bakoa haholo ke taba ea hore ho ke ke ha khoneha ho mo folisa ka botlalo kajeno, ka bomalimabe. Leha ho le joalo, e ka laoloa ka katleho. Lijo tse nang le carb e tlase ea metabolic syndrome ke boemo bo ka sehloohong ba boiketlo ba mokuli.
Ho ikoetlisa ho bontša hore ho phekola lefu lena ka lijo tse "lapileng", ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse fanang ka takatso ea lijo le tse ling, hangata ha ho na thuso. Ntle le tšusumetso e ntle ea mokuli, khalemelo e sebetsang ea mathata a metabolic ha e khonehe.
Bothata ba ho nona ka mpeng, ho imeloa kelellong ha lisele le litho tsa 'mele ho insulin, cholesterol e phahameng ea mali le triglycerides li rarolloa ka mokhoa o phethahetseng ke lijo tse nang le carb e tlase. Taba ea eona ke hore ka lefu la tsoekere, ho sa tsotelehe mofuta, ho bohlokoa ho ja lijo tse nang le tsoekere e tlase ea mali:
- lihlahisoa life kapa life tsa nama
- mahe
- lihlapi le lihlahisoa tsa lebese,
- chisi, le botoro,
- meroho eohle e metala
- linate.
Ke ja ona o nang le metabolic syndrome e nkoang e sebetsa ka ho fetisisa. Lijo tse ling ha li u lumelle hore u laole lijo tse tsoekere. Lijo tse joalo li loketse bohle ba fumanoang ba na le lefu la tsoekere. Ntle le moo, 'malo oa tsoekere o khutlela kapele ho matsatsi a' maloa feela.
Ho thibela lefu la metabolic ke mokhoa oa bophelo o mafolofolo, ntoa khahlanong le mekhoa e mebe, phepo e nepahetseng. Batho ba nang le lefa le sa rateheng ho latela lefu la tsoekere ba lokela ho hlahlojoa ke ngaka khafetsa. Khalemelo ea mathata a kelello, hammoho le kalafo ea khatello ea mali ka nako e nepahetseng. Hoa hlokahala ho beha leihlo thibelo ea mathata a lefu la tsoekere.
Metabolic syndrome e nkoa e le mofuta o tloaelehileng oa pathology.Lefatšeng la kajeno, polelo ea kholo ea lefu lena e ea nyahamisa, lingaka li lumela hore lilemong tse tlang palo ea bakuli ba nang le metabolic syndrome e tla eketseha feela. Motheo oa lefu lena ke motsoako oa mathata a amanang le metabolism, e leng sesosa sa seo ho thoeng ke phello e mpe ea li-tishu ka litlamorao tsa insulin. Boemo bona boa qhekella ebile bo sithabetse ka ho eketseha hoa maloetse a pelo Metabolic syndrome e hloka ho hlahlojoa kapele le mokhoa o nepahetseng oa kalafo.
Metabolic syndrome ke sehlopha sa mathata a amanang le ho thatafala ha insulin, lipid le metaboline ea mokokotlo, mokhathala oa ka mpeng le nts'etsopele ea khatello ea mali.
Synonyms of pathology are metabolic syndrome X, Reaven syndrome le lefu la ho hanyetsa insulin.
Ka metabolic syndrome, bokong, pelo, manyeme li senyehile
Ho hanyetsa insulin ho nkoa e le ntho ea mantlha kholisong ea lefu lena, ka lebaka leo, kutloisiso ea li-insulin receptors ea fokotseha, mafura le glucose li kentsoe ka har'a lithane tsa adipose, ho phatloha ha eona hoa khathatsoa, ts'ebetso ea manyeme ka mor'a nako, e qetellang e baka lefu la tsoekere. Ho feta moo, boemo bona bo kenyelletsa mathata a tebileng le lijana, ho mpefatsa mosebetsi oa pelo.
Sehlopha sa batho ba kotsing ea ho ba le lefu lena se kenyeletsa:
- boima ba batho ba nang le methapo ea methapo ea pelo,
- basali ba banna
- bakuli ba lutseng ba sebelisang joala hampe le joala ke nicotine.
Mabaka a ka sehloohong a nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome a nahaneloa:
- Bokhoba ba lefutso. Bathong ba bang, lefutso la insulin ke lefa.
- Phepo e fosahetseng. Ena ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa mantlha kholisong ea methapo ea methapo ea kutlo. Lenane le leholo la mafura le lik'habohaedreite li thusa ho nona haholo, li baka tsitsipano ea metabolic le ho fokotsa kutloisiso ea lisele ho insulin.
- Mokhoa oa bophelo bo iketlileng. Ho haelloa ke ts'ebetso ea 'mele ho boetse ho baka ho se sebetse hantle ho metabolism le ho phatloha ha mafura.
- Pheko ea nako e telele bakeng sa khatello ea mali ea methapo. Hangata kalafo e joalo e senya phallo ea mali, e sitisang 'mele ho kenella insulin.
Metabolic Syndrome E ka baka Mefuta e Meng
Lintho tse ka behang bophelo ba hao kotsing ke:
- liphetoho tse amanang le lilemo ho bakuli
- mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea likhathatso tsa li-hormone, haholo-holo ho basali nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli,
- maemo a sithabetsang a nako e telele
- ho phefumoloha khafetsa torong (apnea),
- mekhoa e mebe.
Boloetse bo qala butle butle, ka hona, qalong, lipontšo tsa bona ha li bonahale, empa matšoao a latelang a fumanoa hape:
- moea o mobe, ntoa nakong ea tlala,
- mokhathala o feteletseng
- sekhahla sa pelo
- Bohloko pelong.
- hlooho e bohloko
- ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho se sebetse hantle,
- molomo o omeletseng, lenyora le sa khaotseng,
- tlolo ea setofo (ho sokela),
- ho fufuleloa ho feteletseng, haholo bosiu.
Matšoao a kantle ho lefu lena ke li-depositi tsa bohlokoa tsa mafura.
Ha a na le metabolic syndrome, motho o na le mpa ea hae e ngata, mafura a 'mala oa lehetla hammoho le likarolo tse ling tsa' mele.
Khatello e phahameng ea mali, eo hangata e tsamaeang le metabolic syndrome, e bonahatsoa ke bofubelu ba molala le sefuba.
Tlhahlobo ea laboratori:
- k'holeseterole e phahameng
- boteng ba protheine ho moroto,
- keketseho ea uric acid,
- tsoekere e phahameng.
Likarolo tsa setšoantšo sa kliniki bongoaneng le bongoaneng
Ho basali baimana, tlolo ea phallo ea mali ea utero-placental e tlalehiloe, kotsi ea mathata nakong ea pelehi e eketseha, hangata masea a tsoaloa a le motenya.
Bana ba nang le lefu lena ba na le boima ba 'mele, ba hema ka potlako, pherekano ea morethetho oa pelo, mathata a nts'etsopele ea thobalano.
Lefu lena le khethoa nakong ea tlhatlhobo, hammoho le ho sebelisa mekhoa ea laboratori le tse ling. Setsebi se boima, se lekanya letheba mme se bala index ea boima ba 'mele, se fetang se tloaelehileng se bonts'a botenya. Tlhahlobo ea laboratori e tjena:
- ts'oollo ea k'holeseterole,
- tshekatsheko ya glucose
- matšoao a metabolism ea lipid,
- qeto ea boemo ba li-triacylglycerols,
- tlhatlhobo ea uric acid.
Boloetse ba tlhaho bo amanang le 'mele oa metabolic bo fumanoa ke setsebi nakong ea tlhahlobo ea pele, bo lekang boemo ba letheka la mokuli
Haeba ho hlokahala, litsebi li tla beha tlhahlobo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea khatello ea mali (khatello ea mali), ECG, tlhahlobo ea methapo ea methapo ea mali le pelo, thuto ea ho sebetsa ha sebete.
Morero oa ho phekola metabolic syndrome ke ho theola boima ba mokuli le ho khutlisetsa lits'ebetso tsa metabolic le lihormone. Ho e fihlela, sebelisa mokhoa o latelang:
- Ho tsamaisana le lijo tse nang le khalori e tlase.
- Ho etsa setaalo sa boikoetliso bo itseng ba 'mele.
- Ho nka meriana.
- Tšebeliso ea litlhare tsa setso.
Mohato oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa kalafong ea lefu lena ke phepelo ea phepo e nepahetseng.
Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko hore lijo tse thata mme ka lebaka leo, ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ha ho khothalletsoe, hobane li-kilogram tse potlakileng ka potlako le tsona li tloaetse ho khutla kapele.
Letšoao le tloaelehileng ke ho fokotseha ha 5-10% ho boima ba 'mele ka selemo. Ho fihlela sephetho se lakatsehang, o lokela ho ja ka likarolo tse nyane ka makhetlo a 5-6 ka letsatsi, ntle le ho fetela ka 1700-1900 kcal ka letsatsi, pheha lijo tse fapaneng, fokotsa ho ja letsoai.
Ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea metabolic, ho bohlokoa ho latela mokhoa oa ho nooa. Ho khothalletsoa ho noa bonyane lilithara tse 1,5 tsa mokelikeli. Ho molemo ho noa metsi a hloekileng, u ka tšela litholoana tse sa lomeloang, tee ea limela.
- meroho, litholoana tse sa buuoang,
- likhoho tse loan, nama ea khomo, mmutla,
- lijo tsa leoatle le lihlapi,
- lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse tlase
- bohobe ba mangleme
- tee ea litholoana le lino,
- raese, barele ea perela, lijo-thollo tsa buckwheat.
- mabenyane,
- mafura a mafura le nama,
- lijana tse nokiloeng ka linoko tse ngata
- lisose, mayonesi, linoko,
- sodas tse monate
- chisi tse nang le mafura a mangata, tranelate e bolila, chisi ea mokotla,
- litholoana tse tsoekere tse phahameng.
Metabolic syndrome. Lisosa, matšoao le matšoao, tlhahlobo ea mali le kalafo ea methapo.
Sebaka sa marang-rang se fana ka lintlha tsa morao-rao. Ho hlahlojoa ka botlalo le kalafo ea lefu lena ho ka etsahala tlasa taolo ea ngaka e hlokolosi. Lithethefatsi life kapa life li na le li-contraindication. Ho hlokahala tlhahlobo ea setsebi
Metabolic syndrome - Ena ke letoto la liphetoho tse amanang le mathata a metabolic. Homo insulin e khaotsa ho bonoa ke lisele mme ha e phethe mesebetsi ea eona. Maemong ana, insulin ea insulin kapa insulin ea insulin e hlaha, e lebisang ho kenngoeng ha glucose ke lisele, hammoho le liphetoho tsa pathological litsing tsohle le liseleng tsohle.
Kajeno, ho latela sehlopha sa 10 sa machaba sa maloetse, lefu la metabolic ha le nkoe e le lefu le arohaneng. Hona ke boemo ha mmele ka nako e tšoanang o tšoeroe ke mafu a mane:
- khatello ea mali
- botenya
- lefu la pelo
- mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere.
Motsoako ona oa maloetse o kotsi hoo lingaka li o bitsitseng "quartet e bolaeang". E lebisa ho litlamorao tse mpe haholo: vascular atherosulinosis, ho fokotseha ha potency le ovary ea polycystic, stroke le lefu la pelo.
Lipalopalo ka metabolic syndrome.
Linaheng tse tsoetseng pele moruo, moo boholo ba baahi bo phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše, 10-25% ea batho ba fetang 30 ba na le mathata ana. Sehlopheng sa botsofe, matšoao a nyolohela ho 40%.Kahoo Europe, palo ea bakuli e feta batho ba limilione tse 50. Lekholong le tlang la kotara e tlang, menyetla e tla nyoloha ka 50%.
Lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, palo ea bakuli har'a bana le bacha e nyolohetse ho 6.5%. Palo ena e tšosang e amahanngoa le takatso ea lijo tsa nama ea nama ea nama ea matla.
Metabolic syndrome e ama haholo banna. Basali ba tobana le lefu lena nakong ea ho ea khoeling le ka mor'a eona. Ho thobalano e fokolang ka mor'a lilemo tse 50, menyetla ea ho ba le metabolic syndrome e eketseha makhetlo a 5.
Ka bomalimabe, meriana ea sejoale-joale ha e khone ho phekola metabolic syndrome. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le litaba tse monate. Liphetoho tse ngata tse hlahisoang ke metabolic syndrome lia fetoha. Phekolo e nepahetseng, phepo e nepahetseng le mokhoa oa bophelo bo botle li thusa ho tsitsisa maemo ka nako e telele.
Insulin 'meleng e etsa mesebetsi e mengata. Empa mosebetsi oa eona o moholo ke ho ikopanya le li-receptor tse nang le insulin tse kahara membrane ea sele ka 'ngoe. Kamora moo, mochine oa ho tsamaisa glucose o tsoang sebakeng se pakeng tsa cellellular ho kena seleng oa qala. Kahoo, insulin "e bula lemati" seleng ea glucose. Haeba li-receptor li sa arabele insulin, joale lihormone ka botsona li bokellana maling.
Mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome
- Ho ikoetlisa ka mokhoa o fokolang le khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng ho lebisa tlhokomelong e mpe ea li-receptor tse sebetsanang le insulin.
- Makhopho a makhopho a hlahisa insulin e eketsehileng ho hlola ho hloka botsitso ha lisele le ho li fa tsoekere.
- Hyperinsulinemia (e leng insulin e ngata maling) ea hlaha, e lebisang ho batenya, ho fokola ha methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo, le tšebetso ea methapo, le khatello ea mali e phahama.
- Glucose e sa koaeloang e lula maling - hyperglycemia ea hlaha. Metsoako e phahameng ea tsoekere ka ntle ho sele le e tlase ka hare e baka tšenyo ea liprotheine le ponahalo ea li-radicals tsa mahala, tse lematsang membrane ea sele le ho baka botsofali ba tsona pele ho nako.
Boloetse bo qala bo sa hlokomeloe. Ha e utloise bohloko, empa ha e kotsi.
Khatello ea mali (ntle le lithethefatsi tse thibelang antihypertensive)
- khatello ea mali ea systolic (e kaholimo) e feta 130 mm Hg. Art.
- khatello ea diastolic (ka tlase) e feta 85 mm Hg. Art.
Matšoao a laboratori ea metabolic syndrome
Ke ngaka efe eo ke lokelang ho ikopanya le eona haeba ke nonne haholo?
Litsebi tsa endocrinologists li phekola metabolic syndrome. Empa ha ho latela liphetoho tse ngata tsa 'mele' meleng oa mokuli, ho ka hlokahala tumellano ea maikutlo: setsebi sa mafu a kelello, setsebi sa phepo e nepahetseng.
Khethong ea bongaka (ea endocrinologist)
Poll
Haeba index e maemong a 25-30, sena se bontša boima bo feteletseng. Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse fetang 30 li bonts'a botenya.
Mohlala, boima ba mosali ke 90 kg, bolelele ba 160 cm. 90/160 = 35.16, e bontshang botenya.
- Boteng ba striae (matšoao a otlolohileng) letlalong. Ka keketseho e boima ea boima ba 'mele, mokokotlo oa letlalo le likarolo tse nyane tsa mali li hahuoa. Pherekano ea lefu lena e lula e le joalo. Ka lebaka leo, mela e khubelu ea 2-5 mm e hlahella letlalong, 'me qetellong e tlatselletsa ka likhoele tse amanang le eona ebe ea khanya.
Tlhahlobo ea mahlale ea metabolic syndrome
Phekolo ea lithethefatsi ea metabolic syndrome e reretsoe ho ntlafatsa ho monya insulin, ho tsitsisa maemo a tsoekere le ho etsa hore metabolism e lule e le maemong.
Radkevich V. Lefu la tsoekere, GREGORY -, 1997. - 320 leq.
Nikolaychuk L.V. Phekolo ea lefu la tsoekere le limela. Minsk, ntlo ea phatlalatso "Kajeno Lentsoe", 1998, maqephe a 255, ho ajoa likopi tse 11,000.
Vitaliy Kadzharyan und Natalya Kapshitar Mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la 2: mekhoa ea mehleng ea kalafo / Vitaliy Kadzharyan und Natalya Kapshitar. - M .: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2015 .-- 104 leq.
E re ke itsebise. Lebitso la ka ke Elena. Ke qetile lilemo tse fetang 10 ke sebetsa ke le setsebi sa endocrinologist.Ke lumela hore hajoale ke setsebi lebaleng la ka mme ke batla ho thusa baeti bohle ba sebakeng sa marang-rang ho rarolla mesebetsi e rarahaneng eseng joalo. Lisebelisoa tsohle tsa sebaka sena sa marang-rang li bokelloa ebe li sebetsoa ka hloko e le hore li fetise litaba tsohle tse hlokahalang ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. Pele o sebelisa se hlalosoang webosaeteng, ho hlokahala tumellano ea ho buisana le litsebi kamehla.
Metabolic syndrome - ke eng
Morao koana lilemong tsa bo mashome a tšeletseng tsa lekholo le fetileng la lilemo, kamano e ile ea fumanoa pakeng tsa boima ba 'mele, lefu la tsoekere la 2, angina pectoris le khatello ea mali. Ho ile ha fumaneha hore mathata ana a ata haholo ho batho ba nang le botenya ho latela mofuta oa admin, ha mafura a mangata a behiloe 'meleng o holimo, haholoholo ka mpeng. Kamora lilemo tsa bo-80s, tlhaloso ea ho qetela ea metabolic syndrome e thehiloe: hona ke motsoako oa mathata a metabolic, li-hormone le mathata a amanang, sesosa sa ona e ne e le tlhahiso e eketsehileng ea insulin.
Lefu la tsoekere le khatello e matla e tla ba ntho ea khale
Lefu la tsoekere ke sesosa sa hoo e ka bang 80% ea methapo eohle le ho khaoloa. Batho ba 7 ho ba 10 ba shoa ka lebaka la methapo e koetsoeng ea pelo kapa boko. Hoo e batlang e le maemong ohle, lebaka la qetello ena e mpe le lona le joalo - tsoekere e phahameng ea mali.
Tsoekere e ka bolaoa hape, ho seng joalo ha e na letho. Empa sena ha se phekole lefu ka bolona, empa se thusa ho loants'oa lipatlisiso, eseng sesosa sa lefu lena.
Motsoana feela o khothalletsoang ka molao bakeng sa kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere hape o sebelisoa ke lingaka tsa endocrinologists mosebetsing oa bona ke ona.
Ho sebetsa ha sethethefatsi sena, ho baloa ho latela mokhoa o tloaelehileng (palo ea bakuli ba fumaneng palo ea bakuli sehlopheng sa batho ba 100 ba ileng ba fumana kalafo):
- Tloaelo ea tsoekere - 95%
- Ho felisoa ha vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ho felisa ho otla ha pelo e matla - 90%
- Ho tlosa khatello e phahameng ea mali - 92%
- Ho matlafatsa letsatsi, ho ntlafatsa boroko bosiu - 97%
Baetsi ha se mokhatlo oa khoebo mme ba tšehelitsoe ka tšehetso ea mmuso. Ka hona, hona joale moahi e mong le e mong o na le monyetla.
Ka lebaka la semelo sa lihormone, metabolic syndrome fumanoa hangata ho banna . Ke ka lebaka leo ba nang le monyetla o phahameng oa lefu oa lefu la pelo le pelo. Ho basali, kotsi e eketseha haholo ka mor'a ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli, ha tlhahiso ea estrogen e emisa.
Provocateur ea mantlha ea metabolic e nkoa e le keketseho ea ho hanyetsa lisele tsa mmele ho insulin. Ka lebaka la bongata ba lik'habohaedreite lijong, ho na le tsoekere e ngata maling ho feta seo 'mele o se hlokang. Moreki o ka sehloohong oa glucose ke mesifa, nakong ea mosebetsi o sebetsang oa phepo e nepahetseng ba hloka makhetlo a mashome ho feta. Ha ho se na tšebetso ea 'mele le tsoekere e ngata, lisele tsa' mele li qala ho thibela glucose ho ikenya. Li-receptor tsa tsona li khaotsa ho amohela insulin, eo e leng mohloli o ka sehloohong oa tsoekere lithong. E ntse e hola butle-butle.
Makhopho a makhopho ha a se a fumane boitsebiso ba hore tsoekere e ile ea qala ho kenella ka har'a lisele, a etsa qeto ea ho potlakisa metabolism ea lik'habohaedreite mme a kopanya insulin e ngata. Keketseho ea boemo ba hormone ena e khothaletsa ho hlahisoa ha lisele tsa adipose, qetellong li lebise ho botenya. Hammoho le liphetoho tsena maling, dyslipidemia e etsahala - k'holeseterole e fokolang le "triglycerides" ea ipokella. Liphetoho sebopeho se tloaelehileng sa methapo ea mali li ama methapo.
Ntle le khatello ea insulin le hyperinsulinemia, tse latelang li nkuoa e le lisosa tsa metabolic syndrome:
- Keketseho e kholo ea mafura a visceral ka lebaka la likhalori tse feteletseng lijong.
- Mathata a Hormonal - cortisol e feteletseng, norepinephrine, ho haella ha progesterone le hormone ea kholo. Ho banna - ho fokotseha ha testosterone, ho basali - kholo ea eona.
- Ho ja ka bongata mafura a mangata haholo.
Ke mang ea kotsing ea ho hlaseloa ke MS
Ho khothalletsoa hore batho bohle ba kotsing ba hlahlojoe khafetsa ho bona metabolic syndrome.
Matšoao a ho ba sehlopha sena:
- khatello ea nako le nako (> 140/90),
- ho nona haholo kapa ka mpeng (ka mpeng),
- boemo bo tlase ba ho ikoetlisa
- boitlamo ho ja lijo tse se nang phepo,
- kholo e eketsehileng ea moriri sefahlehong le lilong tsa basali,
- a tsebahala lefu la tsoekere kapa,
- lefu la pelo
- mathata a methapo ea mali maotong,
- atherosulinosis le kotsi ea methapo ea methapo,
- gout
- polycystic ovary, ho ilela khoeli ka tsela e sa tloaelehang, ho hloka thari ho basali,
- ho senyeha ha erectile kapa ho fokotseha ha potency ho banna.
Tlhahlobo ea MS
Litla-morao tsa mokuli li na le keketseho e imenneng makhetlo a 23 ea lefu la tlhaselo ea pelo, halofo ea maemo ana a bakoang ke lefu la tsoekere. Ke ka lebaka leo ho leng bohlokoa ho tsebahatsa ho tloha qalong, empa ho kheloha tloaelo ho le tlase.
Haeba u belaella lefu la metabolic, ho hlokahala hore u ikopanye le endocrinologist. Litsebi tse ling li ka nka karolo kalafong ea maloetse a kopaneng - ngaka ea methapo ea pelo, ngaka e buoang masapo, ngaka ea bongaka, rheumatologist, setsebi sa phepo e nepahetseng.
Mokhoa oa ho khetholla lefu lena:
- Tlhahlobo ea mokuli e le ho fumana matšoao a mathata a metabolic, lefutso le futsanehileng, boemo ba ts'ebetso le litšobotsi tsa phepo e nepahetseng.
- Ho bokella anamnesis ea lefu lena: ha lits'oants'o li bonahala, botenya bo ile ba hlaha, na khatello e ile ea phahama, na ho na le tsoekere e phahameng.
- Basali ba fumana boemo ba sistimi ea ho ba le bana - bokuli ba nakong e fetileng, boimana, khafetsa ea ho ilela khoeli.
- Tlhahlobo ea 'mele:
- e khetholla mofuta oa botenya, libaka tse ka sehloohong bakeng sa kholo ea lithane tsa adipose,
- Seketsoana sa letheka se lekantsoe. Ka OT> 80 cm ho basali le 94 cm ho banna, metabolic syndrome e bonoa maemong a mangata,
- e lekanya bophara ba letheka lethekeng. Bonngoe bo kopanetsoeng kaholimo ho banna le 0,8 ho basali bo supa monyetla o moholo oa pherekano ea metabolic,
- index ea boima ba 'mele e baloa (karolelano ea boima ho bolelele bo lekantsoeng, boima bo hlahisoa ka kilo, bolelele ho m). BMI e kaholimo ho 25 e eketsa kotsi ea lefu la metabolic, le BMI> 40, monyetla oa tlolo ea molao o nkuoa o le holimo haholo.
- Ho fetisoa ho liteko tsa biochemical ho bona lintho tse sa tloaelehang mabapi le sebopeho sa mali. Ntle le lithuto tse ka holimo, liteko tsa insulin le leptin li ka fuoa:
- Overestimated insulin hangata e bolela ho hanyetsa insulin ho mokuli. Ka tekanyo ea tsoekere e potlakileng le insulin, motho a ka ahlola botebo ba ho hanyetsa ho mokuli esita le ho bolela esale pele kholo ea tsoekere e tlang,
- leptin e phahama le botenya, phepo e feteletseng, e lebisa keketseho ea tsoekere ea mali.
- Tekanyo ea khatello, ho rekota pelo.
- Bakeng sa botenya, o ka hloka ho:
- bioimpedanceometry ho hlahloba litaba tsa metsi le mafura 'meleng,
- calorimetry e sa tobang ho fumana hore na mokuli o hloka likhalori tse kae ka letsatsi.
Ho fumanoe hore na lefu la metabolic ke bokae lipakeng tsa machaba tsa maloetse ha ho khetholloe. Ho latela sephetho sa boithuto, qetellong, likarolo tsohle tsa lefu lena li hlalositsoe: khatello ea mali (kh'outu bakeng sa ICB-10 I10), botenya (khoutu ea E66.9), dyslipidemia, mamello e fokolitsoeng ea tsoekere.
Phekolo ea Metabolic Syndrome
Motheo oa kalafo ea metabolic syndrome ke ho tlosa boima bo feteletseng. Ho etsa sena, sebopeho sa lijo se lokisoa, litaba tsa eona tsa khalori lia fokotseha, ho hlahisoa lihlopha tsa thuto ea 'mele ea letsatsi le letsatsi. Liphetho tsa pele tsa kalafo e joalo e se lithethefatsi li bonahala ha mokuli ea nang le botenya ka mpeng a lahleheloa ke hoo e ka bang 10% ea boima.
Ho feta moo, ngaka e ka u fa li-vithamine, litlhare tse matlafatsang, lithethefatsi tse ntlafatsang metabolism ea carbohydrate le ho lokisa sebopeho sa mali.
Ho latela likhothaletso tsa kliniki bakeng sa kalafo ea metabolic syndrome, likhoeling tse 3 tsa pele, bakuli ha ba fuoe litlhare. Phepo e nepahetseng e lokisoa bakeng sa bona, boikoetliso ba 'mele bo hlahisoa.Ka lebaka leo, hammoho le ho theola boima ba 'mele, khatello, cholesterol hangata e tloaelehileng, kutloisiso ea insulin ea ntlafala.
Mokhethoa ke bakuli ba nang le BMI> 30 kapa BMI> 27 hammoho le khatello ea mali, lefutso la lipid metabolism kapa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2. Tabeng ena, ho molemo ho phekola lefu la metabolic le botenya bo tšoanang ka tšehetso ea lithethefatsi.
Ka botenya bo feteletseng, ts'ebeliso ea mekhoa ea ho ikoetlisa ea bariatric e ka etsahala: ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea gastric bypass le bandage gastroplasty. Li fokotsa molumo oa mala mme li thusa mokuli ea nang le mathata a ho ja hore a utloe a tletse karolo e nyane ea lijo.
Haeba lipalo tsa mali li sa khutla ho tloaelehileng nakong ea likhoeli tse 3, lithethefatsi li laetsoe ho phekola mathata a setseng: li-metabolism tsa mafura le carbohydrate metabolism, le lithethefatsi ho fokotsa khatello ea mali.
Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi
| Sehlopha sa lithethefatsi | Ntho e sebetsang | Molao-motheo oa tšebetso | Mabitso a khoebo |
| Li-agents tsa Hypolipidemic | E thibela ho kenngoa ha mafura mala, 30% ea triglycerides e tšeloa mantle, e fokotsang khalori ea lijo. | Fokotsa ho loants'oa ha "insulin" le "glucose" sebopeho, ho fokotsa ho kenella maling ho tsoa mpeng e nyane. Ho amoheloa ka metabolic syndrome ka 31% ho fokotsa kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere. | |
| Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors | E sitisa mosebetsi oa li-enzyme tse senya li-polysaccharides. Ka lebaka leo, tsoekere e nyane e kena maling. | Fokotsa ka katleho cholesterol e mpe (ho fihlela ho liperesente tse 63 tsa lipalo). Li sebelisetsoa ho phekola atherosclerosis ho lefu la tsoekere le metabolism. | Rosulip, Roxer |
| Atorvastatin | Fokotsa triglycerides ea mali, eketsa cholesterol e ntle. | ||
| Nicotinic acid, e tsoang ho eona | E hatella ho lokolloa ha mafura acid ho mafura a visceral. Leroopiprant e tlosa litlamorao tsa ho ja ka nicotine. | ||
| Li-inhibitors tsa chokosterol | E thibela phetiso ea k'holeseterole e tsoang lijong ka epithelium ea mala a manyane a kena maling. | ||
| Li-inhibitors tsa ACE | Fosinopril | Eketsa methapo ea mali. Se ke oa fokotsa tšebetso ka mafura a mangata. Se ke oa ama hampe metabolism. | Monopril, Fozicard |
| Ramipril | Hartil, Amprilan | ||
| Lithala tsa calcium calcium | Verapamil | E thibela ho kenella ha calcium ka lijaneng, e lebisang katolosong ea tsona. Li sebelisetsoa ho phekola myocardial ischemia le nephropathy ho lefu la tsoekere. | Isoptin, Finoptin |
| Felodipine | Felodip |
Khetho ea tataiso ea kalafo le mekhoa e ikhethang ke tokelo ea bongaka ea ho ba teng. Lithethefatsi tsohle tse kaholimo li tebile haholo, 'me haeba li sa nkuoe ka nepo, li ka se phekole lefu la metabolic feela, empa tsa mpefatsa tsela ea tsona.
Lijoa
Mokhoa o le mong feela oa 'nete oa ho phekola boima bo eketsehileng' meleng oa metabolic ke ho etsa hore motho a haelloe ke matla ka nako e telele. Ke maemong ana feela, 'mele o sebelisang mehloli ea mafura ho hlahisa matla. Ho nona ka mpeng ke lefu le sa foleng. Le kamora ho theola boima ba 'mele ka tloaelo, ho lula ho na le ts'oso ea ho oela hape. Ka hona, ha ho na letho le setseng, hore na u ka sebetsana joang le mathata a metabolic khafetsa, bophelo bohle ba ka, haholo-holo ka lebaka la mekhoa eo e seng ea meriana - thuto ea 'mele le phepo e nepahetseng. Kamora ho fumana sephetho se lakatsehang, boiteko ba lingaka le mokuli bo lokela ho ikemisetsa ho e boloka ka nako e telele.
Ngaka ea Saense ea Bongaka, Hlooho ea Setsi sa Lefapha la Diabetes - Tatyana Yakovleva
Ke qetile lilemo tse ngata ke ithuta lefu la tsoekere. Hoa tšosa ha batho ba bangata ba shoa, mme le ho feta ba holofala ka lebaka la lefu la tsoekere.
Ke potlakela ho bolela litaba tse molemo - Setsi sa Patlisiso sa Endocrinology sa Russian Academy of Medical Science se atlehile ho hlahisa moriana o folisang lefu la tsoekere ka botlalo.Hona joale, katleho ea sethethefatsi sena e atametse 98%.
Litaba tse ling tse monate: Lekala la Bophelo le iketsetse tumellano e lekanang le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa lithethefatsi. Naheng ea Russia, ba lefu la tsoekere ho fihlela la 6 Hlakubele (ho kenyeletsoa) ka e fumana - Bakeng sa li-ruble tse 147 feela!
Kalsiamo ea khalori e baloa e le hore mokuli a se ke a tšela tse fetang tse 2,5 kg ka khoeli. Khaello ea matla e thehiloe ka lebaka la phokotso e matla ea mafura a liphoofolo le karolo ea eona - lik'hilojule. Bonyane ba caloric ea boleng bo tlase ba basali ke 1200 kcal, ho banna - 1500 kcal, e nang le mafura e lokela ho ba karolo ea 30%, lik'habohaedreite - 30-50 (30% haeba tsoekere e eketsehile kapa ho hanyetsoa ka matla ha insulin ho fumaneha), liprotheine - 20-30 (haeba ho se joalo nephropathy).
Melao-motheo ea phepo e nepahetseng phepong ea metabolic:
- Bonyane lijo tse 3, ka ho khetheha 4-5. Nako e telele ea "tlala" ha e amohelehe.
- Mafura a sa tsoakoang (tlhapi, oli ea meroho) a lokela ho etsa halofo ea kakaretso ea ona kaofela. Ho ja mafura a liphoofolo ho lokela ho tsamaisana le ho sebeletsa meroho kapa meroho e tala.
- Mehloli e metle ea liprotheine ke lihlahisoa tsa tlhapi le lebese. Ho tsoa ho nama - likhoho le nama ea khomo.
- Lik'habohaedreite li khethoa butle butle (). Li-sweets, li-pastries, raese e tšoeu, litapole tse halikiloeng li nkeloa sebaka ke li-buckwheat le oatmeal, bohobe ba korong.
- Phepo e nepahetseng e lokela ho fana ka bonyane 30 g ea fiber ka letsatsi. Ho etsa sena, menu e lokela ho ba le meroho e mengata e mecha.
- Ka khatello e eketsehang, letsoai le lekantsoe ho khaba e le 1 ka letsatsi. Haeba u eketsa letsoai hanyane lijong, u ka tloaela tatso e ncha ea lijana ka libeke tse 'maloa.
- Ho eketsa tšebeliso ea potasiamo, o hloka ho kenyelletsa lijong tsa meroho tse tala, linaoa le lihoete tse tala.
- Bakeng sa 1 kg ea mmele e lokela ho ba bonyane 30 ml ea mokelikeli. Tee, lino le lino tse ling li nkeloa sebaka ke metsi a hloekileng. Mokhelo feela ke moroallo oa rosehip.
Phekolo ea botenya e lokela ho ba nako le nako: ka mafolofolo lahleheloa ke mafura bakeng sa likhoeli tse tšeletseng, ebe ka nako e ts'oanang, eketsa hanyane ka likhalori ho tsitsisa boima ba 'mele. Haeba u hloka ho theola boima ba 'mele leha ho le joalo, pheta potoloho eo.
Haeba u khomarela lijo tse nang le khalori e tlase ka nako e telele, metabolism 'meleng e ea fokotseha, ho latela mehloli e fapaneng, ka 15 ho isa ho 25%. Ka lebaka leo, katleho ea ho theola boima ba 'mele e ea fokotsoa. Ho eketsa ts'ebeliso ea matla kalafong ea metabolic syndrome, ho ikoetlisa hoa hlokahala. Hape, ka mosebetsi o sebetsang oa mesifa, ho hanyetsa insulin ho fokotseha, ho theoha ha triglycerides, cholesterol e ntle ea eketseha, litekanyetso tsa pelo, matla a matšoafo le phepelo ea oksijene ho litho tsa 'mele lia eketseha.
Ho fumanoe hore bakuli ba nang le metabolic syndrome ba tlisitseng koetliso khafetsa maphelong a bona ba kotsing e kholo ea ho hlaheloa ke lefu lena hape. Boikoetliso ba lifofane bo fokotseha hamolemo. Koetliso ea matla ka boima bo phahameng ha e ratehe, haholo haeba khatello e phahama nako le nako.
Koetliso ea aerobic ke papali efe kapa efe moo karolo e kholo ea mesifa e sebetsang nako e telele, 'me ho otla ha pelo ho ba khafetsa. Mohlala, ho bapala, tenese, baesekele, sefofane. Litlelase li qala butle butle e le hore ba se ke ba imetsa bakuli ba bangata ba nang le metabolic syndrome, bao boholo ba bona ba qetileng lipapali ho bacha ba hole. Haeba ho na le lipelaelo tsa hore mokuli o khona ho sebetsana le tsona, ba leka mosebetsi oa pelo le methapo ea mali ka mokelikeli kapa baesekele ea boikoetliso - tlhahlobo ea lithaelese kapa baesekele.
Ho ikoetlisa ho qala ka ho tsamaea metsotso e 15, butle-butle ho eketsa lebelo le nako ho fihlela hora ka letsatsi. Ho fumana sephetho se lakatsehang, koetliso e lokela ho etsoa bonyane makhetlo a mararo ka beke, 'me hangata ka letsatsi. Moroalo o fokolang oa beke le beke ke metsotso e 150. Letšoao la ho ikoetlisa ka katleho ke keketseho ea sekhahla sa pelo ho isa ho 70% ea maqhubu a eona a phahameng (a bonoang e le lilemo tse mashome a mabeli a metso e meraro).
Ntle le lijo tse matlafatsang le ho ikoetlisa, kalafo bakeng sa lefu la metabolic e lokela ho kenyelletsa ho khaotsa ho tsuba le ho thibela joala haholo. Bophelo bo se nang koae bo lebisa keketsehong ea cholesterol e ntle ka 10%, ntle le joala - ka 50% e fokotsa boemo ba triglycerides.
Thibelo
Moahi e mong le e mong oa Russia o na le lefu la metabolic. E le hore u se ke oa oela maemong a bona, o hloka ho phela bophelo bo phetseng hantle le ho ngola litlhahlobo khafetsa.
- E-ja lijo tsa boleng bo botle tse senngoeng butle. Ho tšeloa meroho nakong ea lijo ka seng, litholoana bakeng sa lijo tse theolelang sebakeng sa siki ho ka fokotsa kotsi ea ho tlotsoa.
- Se ke oa bolaoa ke tlala, ho seng joalo mmele o tla leka ho behella ka thoko khalori e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e eketsehileng.
- Sebelisa bophelo ba hau ka botlalo. Hlophisa letsatsi la hau e le hore le ka ba le sebaka sa ho robala le ho ikoetlisa.
- Sebelisa monyetla o mong le o mong ho tsamaea haholoanyane - ikoetlise hoseng, tsamaea ka tsela e 'ngoe ea ho sebetsa ka maoto, fumana ntja' me u tsamaee le eena.
- Fumana papali eo u ka bang le thabo ea ho sisinyeha ho eona. Khetha kamore e nang le mabothobotho ka ho fetisisa, lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo botle, liaparo tse khanyang tsa lipapali. Kopanela 'moho le batho ba nang le maikutlo a tšoanang. Ke feela ha o thabela papali eo u ka e etsang bophelo bohle ba hau.
- Haeba o kotsing, etsa liteko tsa cholesterol nako le nako. Haeba ho na le bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere ho beng ka uena kapa u lilemo tse fetang 40 - tlhahlobo e eketsehileng ea mamello ea tsoekere.
Joalokaha u bona, ho lula u phetse hantle le ho phela ka menyaka ha ho thata.
Etsa bonnete ba hore o ithuta! Na u nahana hore ho nka lipilisi le insulin bophelo bohle ke eona feela tsela ea ho boloka tsoekere e le taolong? Ha se nnete! U ka netefatsa sena ka ho qala ho e sebelisa.
Metabolic syndrome ke mofuta oa mathata a metabolic, a bontšang hore motho o na le kotsi e eketsehileng ea lefu la pelo le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2. Lebaka la eona ke ho se sebetse hantle ha lisele tsa mmele ho ea tšebetsong ea insulin. Phekolo ea metabolic syndrome ke ena. 'Me ho na le sehlahisoa se seng se sebetsang seo u tla ithuta ka sona ka tlase.
Insulin ke "senotlolo" se bulang "mamati" ho membrane ea sele, 'me ka tsona, tsoekere e kena maling e ka hare. Ka lefu la metabolic maling a mokuli, boemo ba tsoekere (glucose) le insulin maling li nyoloha. Leha ho le joalo, tsoekere ha e kene ka ho lekaneng liseleng hobane "senotlolo sa" le "insulin" e lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho bula.
Boloetse bona ba metabolic bo bitsoa, i.e., ho hanyetsa ho feteletseng hoa litho tsa 'mele ketsong ea insulin. Hangata e hlaha butle butle mme o lebisa matšoao a khethollang metabolic syndrome. Ee, haeba ts'oaetso e ka etsoa ka nako, hore kalafo e na le nako ea ho thibela lefu la tsoekere le lefu la pelo.
Mekhatlo e mengata ea machaba ea bongaka e ntšetsa pele mekhoa ea ho khetholla lefu la metabolic ho bakuli. Ka 2009, tokomane e reng "Harmonization of the metabolic syndrome" e ile ea phatlalatsoa, 'me ka nako eo ba saena:
- US National pelo, Lung, le Setsi sa Mali,
- Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo
- Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Tebelo,
- Mokhatlo oa machaba oa Thupelo ea Botenya.
Ho ea ka tokomane ena, metabolic syndrome e fumanoa haeba mokuli a e-na le bonyane mekhoa e meraro e thathamisitsoeng ka tlase:
- Keketseho e phahameng ea letheka (bakeng sa banna> = 94 cm, bakeng sa basali> = 80 cm),
- Boemo ba triglycerides maling bo feta 1,7 mmol / l, kapa mokuli o se a ntse a fumana meriana ea ho phekola dyslipidemia,
- Li-dopity lipoprotein tse phahameng (HDL, "good" cholesterol) maling - ka tlase ho 1,0mmol / l ho banna le ka tlase ho 1.3 mmol / l ho basali,
- Khatello ea mali ea Systolic (holimo) e feta 130 mm Hg. Art. kapa khatello ea mali ea diastolic (e tlase) e feta 85 mmHg. Art., Kapa mokuli o se a ntse a sebelisa moriana oa khatello ea mali,
- Ho potlakisa glucose ea mali> = 5.6 mmol / L, kapa kalafo e etsoa ho theola tsoekere ea mali.
Pele ho hlaha mekhoa e mecha ea ho sibolla lefu la metabolic, botenya e ne e le mokhoa oa pele oa tlhahlobo ea mafu. Joale e se e le ngoe ea likhakanyo tse hlano. Lefu la tsoekere le lefu la pelo ha se likarolo tsa 'mele oa metabolic, empa ke mafu a tebileng a ikemetseng.
Lisosa le Lintho Tse Kotsi
Mabaka a ka sehloohong a nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome a nahaneloa:
- Bokhoba ba lefutso. Bathong ba bang, lefutso la insulin ke lefa.
- Phepo e fosahetseng. Ena ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa mantlha kholisong ea methapo ea methapo ea kutlo. Lenane le leholo la mafura le lik'habohaedreite li thusa ho nona haholo, li baka tsitsipano ea metabolic le ho fokotsa kutloisiso ea lisele ho insulin.
- Mokhoa oa bophelo bo iketlileng. Ho haelloa ke ts'ebetso ea 'mele ho boetse ho baka ho se sebetse hantle ho metabolism le ho phatloha ha mafura.
- Pheko ea nako e telele bakeng sa khatello ea mali ea methapo. Hangata kalafo e joalo e senya phallo ea mali, e sitisang 'mele ho kenella insulin.
Metabolic Syndrome E ka baka Mefuta e Meng
Lintho tse ka behang bophelo ba hao kotsing ke:
- liphetoho tse amanang le lilemo ho bakuli
- mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea likhathatso tsa li-hormone, haholo-holo ho basali nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli,
- maemo a sithabetsang a nako e telele
- ho phefumoloha khafetsa torong (apnea),
- mekhoa e mebe.
Boloetse bo qala butle butle, ka hona, qalong, lipontšo tsa bona ha li bonahale, empa matšoao a latelang a fumanoa hape:
- moea o mobe, ntoa nakong ea tlala,
- mokhathala o feteletseng
- sekhahla sa pelo
- Bohloko pelong.
- hlooho e bohloko
- ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho se sebetse hantle,
- molomo o omeletseng, lenyora le sa khaotseng,
- tlolo ea setofo (ho sokela),
- ho fufuleloa ho feteletseng, haholo bosiu.
Matšoao a kantle ho lefu lena ke li-depositi tsa bohlokoa tsa mafura.
Ha a na le metabolic syndrome, motho o na le mpa ea hae e ngata, mafura a 'mala oa lehetla hammoho le likarolo tse ling tsa' mele.
Khatello e phahameng ea mali, eo hangata e tsamaeang le metabolic syndrome, e bonahatsoa ke bofubelu ba molala le sefuba.
Tlhahlobo ea laboratori:
- k'holeseterole e phahameng
- boteng ba protheine ho moroto,
- keketseho ea uric acid,
- tsoekere e phahameng.
Litšobotsi tsa Pathology
Tlas'a metabolic syndrome ho boleloa palo e eketsehileng ea mafura a subcutaneous, moo kutlo ea cellular le tishu ho insulin e fokotsang ka nako e ts'oanang. Ho bakuli ba nang le metabolic syndrome, botenya bo bonoa khahlano le semelo sa "metabolism" e senyehileng. Tse latelang ke mehloli ea mantlha e hlahisang metabolic syndrome:
Tsoekere e fokotseha hang-hang! Lefu la tsoekere ha nako e ntse e tsamaea le lona le ka lebisa ho letšoele la maloetse, a kang mathata a pono, maemo a letlalo le moriri, liso, maloetse a mokokotlo esita le hlahala ea mofets'e! Batho ba ile ba ruta boiphihlelo bo bohloko ho fetolela maemo a bona a tsoekere. bala ho tsoela pele.
- mamello e fokotsehileng ea lik'habohaedreite,
- ho eketseha ha insulin,
- metabolism ea mafura a senyehileng,
- tloaelo e atisang ho hlahella,
- ho nona haholo.
Haeba bonyane mabaka a mabeli a boletsoeng ka holimo a bonoa, monyetla oa ho ba le metabolic syndrome o eketseha haholo.
Ho latela lipalo-palo tsa WHO, batho ba limilione tse 60 ba nang le lefu la metabolic syndrome ba ka ba le lefu la tsoekere ka tsela e fapaneng. Lefu lena le bonahala eseng ho batho ba baholo feela, lilemong tsa morao tjena palo ea bacha e nang le metabolic syndrome e eketsehile haholo. Metabolic syndrome e iponahatsa khafetsa ebile e amahanngoa le mokhoa o fosahetseng oa batho.
Khalemelo ea phepo e nepahetseng
Mohato oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa kalafong ea lefu lena ke phepelo ea phepo e nepahetseng.
Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko hore lijo tse thata mme ka lebaka leo, ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ha ho khothalletsoe, hobane li-kilogram tse potlakileng ka potlako le tsona li tloaetse ho khutla kapele.
Letšoao le tloaelehileng ke ho fokotseha ha 5-10% ho boima ba 'mele ka selemo. Ho fihlela sephetho se lakatsehang, o lokela ho ja ka likarolo tse nyane ka makhetlo a 5-6 ka letsatsi, ntle le ho fetela ka 1700-1900 kcal ka letsatsi, pheha lijo tse fapaneng, fokotsa ho ja letsoai.
Ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea metabolic, ho bohlokoa ho latela mokhoa oa ho nooa. Ho khothalletsoa ho noa bonyane lilithara tse 1,5 tsa mokelikeli. Ho molemo ho noa metsi a hloekileng, u ka tšela litholoana tse sa lomeloang, tee ea limela.
- meroho, litholoana tse sa buuoang,
- likhoho tse loan, nama ea khomo, mmutla,
- lijo tsa leoatle le lihlapi,
- lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse tlase
- bohobe ba mangleme
- tee ea litholoana le lino,
- raese, barele ea perela, lijo-thollo tsa buckwheat.
- mabenyane,
- mafura a mafura le nama,
- lijana tse nokiloeng ka linoko tse ngata
- lisose, mayonesi, linoko,
- sodas tse monate
- chisi tse nang le mafura a mangata, tranelate e bolila, chisi ea mokotla,
- litholoana tse tsoekere tse phahameng.
Sampole ea letsatsi bakeng sa letsatsi le metabolic syndrome - tafoleng
| Lijoa tsa hoseng |
- kholomo ea buckwheat
- palo e nyane ea botoro
- mahe a makakiloeng
- lero kapa tee.
- sopho ea meroho
- meroho e halikiloeng
- nama ea khoho e phehiloeng,
- compote ntle le tsoekere.
- salate ea meroho
- hlapi e halikiloeng
- tee
Ho ikoetlisa
Phello e ntle ka lefu lena e ka fumaneha ka thuso ea ho ikoetlisa. Boikoetliso bo sebetsang bo thusa ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele le ho tsitsisa mekhoa ea metabolic.
Ho fihlela sephetho, o lokela ho hopola hore boikoetliso e lokela ho ba ba kamehla le bo loketseng boemo ba hau ba bophelo. Koetliso e lokela ho qala ka mejaro e fokolang, butle-butle e eketsa nako ea bona le ho rarahana. Ntle le moo, o hloka ho beha leihlo hore na o sebetsa joang.
E na le thuso ea metabolic syndrome ke ho potoloha
Har'a litlelase tse kenyang letsoho ho eketseng insulin, ho na le:
- ho sesa
- e mathang
- ho potoloha
- lihlopha tsa motjeko.
Ka mathata a teng, ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa boikoetliso ka mojaro o tlase, haholo mefuta e fapaneng ea litšekamelo, matsoho, jj.
Phekolo ea lithethefatsi
Phekolo ka meriana e reretsoe ho theola boima ba 'mele, ho fokotsa glucose le metabolism ea mafura. Ho sebelisoa litlhare tse latelang:
- Li-agents tsa Hypolipidemic (fibrate, statins). Tlosa "k'holeseterole e mpe", ho fokotsa uric acid.
- Lithethefatsi tse theolelang ho hanyetsa insulin.
- Meriana e amang maikutlo a insulin. Li thusa ho fokotsa takatso ea lijo le ho loantša liponto tse eketsehileng.
- Lithethefatsi tse thatafatsang khatello ea mali le metabolism (li-inhibitors, li-antagonists tsa calcium).
- Li-vithamine
- Mokhoa oa ho phekola botena.
Ka metabolic syndrome, bakuli ba fuoa livithamini tse boletsoeng
Litlhare tsa setso
Phekolo ea setso molemong oa phekolo ea metabolic syndrome e fana ka mekhoa ea ho thusa ho tlosa botenya. Ho etsa sena, sebelisa li-decoctions tse fapaneng tsa litlama, kalafo ea lero, kalafo ka mokopu, beetroot, mahapu joalo-joalo.
Kopano ea pele le ngaka e ea hlokahala! Ho ikoetlisa ha ho amohelehe.
Forecast le mathata a ka bang teng
Phello ea nalane ea metabolic syndrome e ntle haholo, empa feela ha ho ne ho e-na le mokhoa o felletseng oa kalafo mme mokhoa oa bophelo oa mokuli o fetotsoe. Ho seng joalo, ho na le kotsi ea ho ba le mathata a maholo, a kang:
- mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere
- myocardial infarction
- mafu a tsamaiso ea masculoskeletal,
- ho hloleha ha pulmonary.
Lethathamo la mabaka
Ho haelloa ke metabolic ka mofuta oa 1 kapa lefu la tsoekere la 2 ho bakoa ke khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng le ho se ikoetlise.Ka metabolic syndrome nakong ea lefu la tsoekere, kamano e lipakeng tsa insulin le insulin e amang maikutlo le li-receptor ea senyeha. Lebaka le ka sehloohong la nts'etsopele ea lefu lena ke ho loants'oa ha "insulin", ho qholotsang ho qala ha lefu la tsoekere. Boemo bo hlaha ka mabaka a latelang:
- phatsa ea tlhaho
- ho hloka tsebo ea li-insulin receptors,
- boits'ireletso ba mmele o sa senyeheng, oo ka oona li itšireletsoang ka metsoako
- tlhahiso e sa tloaelehang ea insulin, e sa khone ho nka karolo moelong oa insulin.
Lisosa tsa nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome le ponahalo e latelang ea lefu la tsoekere e kenyeletsa:
- Lijo tse fosahetseng, tse laoloang ke mafura le lik'habohaedreite
- bophelo bo sa sebetseng, boo ho bona motho a sa sisinyeheng a bile a sa ikoetlise habobebe,
- khatello ea mali e phahameng ea nako e telele
- maemo a sithabetsang ao palo ea tsoekere ho 'mele e eketsehang le tlhahiso ea "insulin",
- li-insulin tse ngata haholo, tse atisang ho bonoa ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le itlamileng ka lefu la tsoekere,
- Horma Horne
- liphetoho tse amanang le lilemo:
Kamano ea lefu la tsoekere ke eng?
Mellitus e itšetlehileng ka lefu la tsoekere ke motsoako oa metabolic syndrome. Batho ba nang le ho kheloha ho joalo ba kotsing mme ba na le menyetla e habeli ho feta ea ba bang ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere.
Kotsi ho nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere ho bonahala e le ho bakuli ba nang le mamello e tloaelehileng ea tsoekere. Nts'etsopele ea lefu le joalo ho lefu la tsoekere e amahanngoa le ho senyeha ha lisele le lisele tsa mmele ho insulin. Ho kheloha hona ke tšusumetso e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere. Makhopho a makhopho a sebetsa ka matla a eketsehileng, 'me ka mor'a nakoana a emisa tlhahiso ea insulin. Ka lebaka la palo e phahameng ea tsoekere maling ka mehla, manyeme a ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea insulin. Kamora nako, lits'ebetso tsa metabolic lia senyeha, mme motho o fumanoa a e-na le lefu la tsoekere le lahleloang ke lefu la tsoekere. Kotsi ke batho ba nang le litlolo tse joalo:
- khatello ea mali
- feta
- lefu la mokokotlo la mokokotlo
- lefu la sebete la mafura
- lefu le sa sebetseng.
Mekhoa ea ho khetholla
Ho thata ho tseba ka boeona li-syndromes tsa lefu la tsoekere; bakuli ba joalo ba hloka ho buisana le endocrinologist kapa psychologist. Ngaka e tla hlahloba mokuli 'me e bokelle nalane ea lefu la kelello. Litsamaiso tse tlamang nakong ea tlhatlhobo ea pele ke:
- e boima
- tekanyo ea letheka le thekeng
- tekanyo ea khatello ea mali.
Kamora moo, ngaka e lekanya index ea boima ba 'mele, moo a arolang matšoao a boima ka bophahamo ba motho. Ka tloaelo, matšoao a lokela ho ba maemong a 18.5-25. Haeba index e feta moeling oa 25, joale botenya bo fumanoa. Ntle le moo, liteko tsa laboratori tsa letlalo le mali lia hlokahala. Lipalo tse latelang tsa mali li bontša nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere khahlano le semelo sa metabolic:
- li-triglycerides tse phahameng le maemo a tsoekere,
- fokotsa "cholesterol" e ntle
- ho eketsa cholesterol e phahameng haholo
- mamello ea tsoekere e sa sebetseng hantle.
Mekhoa ea kalafo e atametse
Li-syndromes tsa metabolism tsa mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere li beha kotsi e kholo bophelong ba motho le bophelong. Tabeng ena, kalafo ea hang-hang ea hlokahala. Pele ho tsohle, mokuli ea nang le Psychology e joalo o lokela ho fetohela phepong e khethehileng le ho tloaela mesebetsi ea makoloi. Haeba mokuli a latela lijo, joale likhoeling tse 6 tse qalang ho tla ba bonolo ho ntlafatsa boemo le ho theola boima ba 'mele.
Haeba mokuli a e-na le khatello ea mali, e kenyelletsa ho ntlafatsoa ha metabolic syndrome. Ebe lithethefatsi tse antihypertensive li fanoa.Ho thibetsoe ka thata ho nka lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sena ka bosona, li lokela ho fuoa ngaka feela, ho latela liphetho tsa liteko tsa laboratori le boemo ba mokuli. Ka ho kheloha ho metabolism ea mafura, ho fanoa ka li-statins le li-fibrate, tse ka fokotsang k'holeseterole e maling.
Ho lokisa ho hanyetsa insulin, ho hlokahala hore u noe lithethefatsi tse tsoekere e tlase.
Pheko e rarahaneng ea metabolic syndrome e kenyelletsa li-vithamine le liminerale tse u lumellang hore o fetole metabolism. Ha u lahla ho ba le botenya, ngaka e fa mokuli litlhare tse latelang:
- Lintho tse thibelang mafura,
- meriana e fokotsang takatso ea ho ja,
- litlhare tse thetsang.
Lijo tsa lijo
Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho tlosa metabolism ea metabolic ntle le ho shebella phepo e nepahetseng. Mokuli o lokela ho latela lijo tse nang le carb e tlase ho khutlisetsa kutloisiso ea sele ho insulin le ho nolofatsa maemo a cholesterol. E lumelloa ho ja lijo tse fokotsang tsoekere ea mali. Tsena li kenyelletsa lijana tsa nama tsa mofuta o fe kapa o fe, mahe, lihlapi tsa mefuta e fapaneng le lihlahisoa tsa lebese, chisi, meroho e tala, linate. Lijo tse joalo li bontšoa ho bakuli ba seng ba ntse ba e-na le lefu la tsoekere khafetsa khahlanong le semelo sa lefu la tsoekere. Ho khothalletsoa hore nako le nako phepo e joalo e hlokomeloe ho thibela metabolic syndrome ho batho ba kotsing.
Na o ntse o shebahala hore lefu la tsoekere le ke ke la phekoloa?
Ha re nahana ka taba ea hore u bala mela ona hona joale, tlhōlo ntoeng ea ho loantša tsoekere e phahameng ea mali ha e sa le ka lehlakoreng la hau.
Mme na o se o kile oa nahana ka kalafo ea sepetlele? Hoa utloahala, hobane lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le kotsi haholo, leo, haeba le sa phekoloe, le ka lebisang lefung. Lenyora le sa khaotseng, ho ntša metsi kapele, pono e lerootho. Matšoao ana kaofela ua tseba.
Empa na hoa khoneha ho phekola sesosa eseng phello? Re khothaletsa ho bala sengoloa mabapi le kalafo ea kajeno ea lefu la tsoekere. Bala sengoloa >>
Phekolo: Boikarabello ba ngaka le mokuli ka boeena
Morero oa ho phekola metabolic syndrome ke:
- ho theola boima ba 'mele ho ea boemong bo tloaelehileng, kapa bonyane ho emisa tsoelo-pele ea botenya,
- normalization ea khatello ea mali, boemo ba k'holeseterole, triglycerides maling, i.e., khalemelo ea lintlha tse kotsi tsa pelo le pelo.
Hajoale ha ho khonehe ho phekola metabolic syndrome e le kannete. Empa o ka e laola hantle hore o phele bophelo bo bolelele ntle le lefu la tsoekere, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho otloa, joalo-joalo. Haeba motho a e-na le bothata bona, kalafo ea hae e lokela ho etsoa bophelo bohle. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea kalafo ke thuto ea mokuli le tšusumetso ea ho fetohela bophelong bo phetseng hantle.
Phekolo ea mantlha ea metabolic syndrome ke lijo. Tloaelo e bontšitse hore ha ho na thuso ho leka ho latela lijo tse "tse lapileng". O tla fokotseha haufinyane, mme boima bo feteletseng bo tla khutla hanghang. Re khothaletsa hore o e sebelise ho laola metabolic syndrome.
Mehato e meng bakeng sa kalafo ea metabolic syndrome:
- ho ikoetlisa ho eketsehileng - hona ho ntlafatsa kutloisiso ea mesifa ho insulin,
- Ho khaotsa ho tsuba le ho tsuba joala ho feta tekano.
- tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea khatello ea mali le kalafo ea khatello ea mali, haeba e etsahala,
- ho hlahloba matšoao a k'holeseterole e "ntle" le "mpe", triglycerides le tsoekere ea mali.
Re boetse re u eletsa hore u botse ka moriana o bitsoang. E sebelisitsoe ho tloha bofelong ba bo-1990 ho eketsa tlhoko ea lisele ho insulin. Setlhare sena se thusa bakuli ba nang le botenya le lefu la tsoekere. Ho fihlela joale, ha a so senole litla-morao tse mpe haholo ho feta linyeoe tsa lefu la sethoathoa.
Batho ba bangata ba fumanoeng ba na le metabolic syndrome ba thusoa haholo ke ho fokotsa limatlafatsi tse tsoang lijong tsa bona. Ha motho a sebelisa lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse tlase, re ka lebella hore o tla:
- boemo ba triglycerides le k'holeseterole maling e thatafetse,
- khatello ea mali e tlase
- o tla fokotseha.
Fumana Liphekolo tsa Lijo tsa nama e tlase ea Carbohydrate Fumana
Empa haeba lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse tlase le ho ikoetlisa tse eketsehileng li sa sebetse hantle, joale hammoho le ngaka ea hau u ka ba eketsa metformin (siofor, glucophage) ho bona. Maemong a boima ka ho fetisisa, ha mokuli a e-na le index ea boima ba 'mele> 40 kg / m2, kalafo ea bongaka e buoang le eona e sebelisoa. E bitsoa opereishene ea bariatric.
U ka etsa joang hore k'holeseterole e be teng le triglycerides maling
Ho metabolic syndrome, hangata bakuli ba na le lipalo tse fokolang tsa mali bakeng sa cholesterol le triglycerides. Ho na le "cholesterol" e nyane maling, mme "e mpe", ho fapana le hoo, e phahamisitsoe. Boemo ba triglycerides le bona bo eketsehile. Sena sohle se bolela hore likepe li angoa ke lefu la pelo, ho otloa ke lefu la pelo kapa stroke se haufi le sekhutlo. Liteko tsa mali bakeng sa k'holeseterole le li-triglycerides ka kakaretso li bitsoa "lipid spectrum." Lingaka li rata ho bua le ho ngola, ba re, ke u laela hore u nke liteko bakeng sa bonohe ba lipid. Kapa ho hobe le ho feta, sebatli sa lipid ha se ntho e ntle. Joale u tla tseba hore na ke eng.
Ho ntlafatsa liteko tsa mali tsa cholesterol le triglyceride, hangata lingaka li fana ka mokhoa oa ho ja li-calorie tse tlase le / kapa meriana ea statin. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ba shebahala hantle, ba leka ho shebahala ba khahleha ebile ba kholisa. Leha ho le joalo, lijo tse matlafatsang ha li thuse ho hang, le lipilisi lia thusa, empa li baka litlamorao tse kholo. Ho joalo, lipalo-palo li ntlafatsa lipalo tsa mali tsa cholesterol. Empa hore na ba fokotsa ho shoa ha se 'nete ... ho na le maikutlo a fapaneng ... Leha ho le joalo, bothata ba cholesterol le triglycerides bo ka rarolloa ntle le lipilisi tse theko e boima le tse theko e phahameng. Ho feta moo, sena se ka ba bonolo ho feta kamoo u nahanang.
Lijo tse nang le khalori e tlase hangata ha li fetole cholesterol ea mali le triglycerides. Ho feta moo, ho bakuli ba bang, liteko tsa liteko li mpefala le ho feta. Lebaka ke hobane lijo tse "nonneng" tse nang le mafura a mangata li na le lik'habohaedreite tse ngata. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea insulin, lik'habohaedreite tse o li jang li fetoha triglycerides. Empa feela li-triglycerides tsena ke lakatsa ho ba le tse fokolang maling. 'Mele oa hau ha o mamelle lik'habohaedreite, ka lebaka leo, metabolism syndrome e se e tsoetse pele. Haeba u sa nke mehato, e tla fetoha tsoekere ea 'mele hantle ka tšohanyetso kapa ka tšohanyetso ea e-ba koluoa ea pelo.
Ba ke ke ba tsamaea ho theosa le sehlahla nako e telele. Bothata ba triglycerides le cholesterol bo rarolla hantle. Tekanyo ea li-triglycerides maling e tloaelehile ka mor'a matsatsi a 3-4 a ho latela! Nka liteko - 'me u iponele. Cholesterol e ntlafala hamorao, kamora libeke tse 4-6. Nka liteko tsa mali bakeng sa cholesterol le triglycerides pele o qala "bophelo bo bocha", 'me hape hape. Etsa bonnete ba hore lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse tlase li hlile lia u thusa! Ka nako e ts'oanang, e tloaeleha khatello ea mali. Ena ke tšireletso ea 'nete ea ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho otloa, le ntle le maikutlo a ho hlaka a tlala. Tlatsetso ea khatello le pelo e tlatsa lijo hantle hantle. Ba ja chelete, empa litšenyehelo lia lefella, hobane u tla ikutloa u thabile haholoanyane.
Meeli ea Nako: 0
Liphetho
Likarabo tse nepahetseng: 0 ho isa ho 8
- Ka karabo
- Ka letšoao la ho shebella
- Mabaka a lefutso. Ho batho, sebopeho sa protheine ea insulin kapa li-receptor li ka tšoenyeha, palo ea bona e ka fokotseha.
- Mokhoa oa bophelo bo iketlileng. Ho haelloa ke ho sisinyeha ho lebisa ntlheng ea hore 'mele ha o qhekelle limatlafatsi tsohle tse tsoang lijong le ho boloka mafura “ka pokellong”.
- Lijo tse sa lekanang, tšebeliso e feteletseng ea mafura.
Mafura a feteletseng, a sa hlokeng ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa 'mele, a beoa ka mokhoa oa lithane tse mafura, botenya bo a hlaha. Ntle le moo, mafura a mangata a mafura a fumanehang mafura a liphoofolo a ama hampe phapang ea phospholipid ea membrane ea lisele mme e ama hampe ho tsamaisoa ha glucose ho lisele. - botenya
- ho se leka-lekane ha li- mele tsa 'mele,
- mekhoa e mebe
- khatello ea maikutlo, khatello ea maikutlo,
- khatello e phahameng ea mali.
- Matšoao a kelello: moea o mobe, linako tsa ho ba mabifi, ho hloka taolo. Lipontšo tsena li amana le ho ja lijo tse sa lekaneng tsa tsoekere maling ka bokong.
- Ho khetha lijo le ho lemalla lipompong. Letšoao lena le bakoa ke ho haella ha glucose liseleng.
- Mokhathala o sa feleng, ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng, kaha ho haella ha tsoekere ho baka ho hloka matla.
- Lenyora le sa khaotseng le bakoang ke ho bokellana ha glucose maling.
- Ho nona ka mpeng (ho pepesetsoa hoa linama tse mafura ka mpeng le mahetleng).
- Ho longoa ke motšeare le ho tsosa bosiu. Ho fokotseha ha ho robala bosiu ho lebisa ho otseng le mokhathala o sa feleng mme ho eketsa kotsi ea kholo.
- Keketseho ea khatello ea mali, ho kenyelletsa le bosiu. Maemong ana, motho a ka 'na a se na matšoao a boemo bona (ho nyekeloa hoa pelo, ho tsekela),' me a ke ke a tseba le hore khatello e fihla maemong a bohlokoa.
- Litlhaselo (pelo palpitations) tse bakoang ke ho eketseha ha insulin maling. Litlhaselo tse joalo ka nako e lebisa ho koala marako a mesifa ea pelo, ho sitisa phepelo ea mali ho ea pelong le nts'etsopele ea maloetse a methapo.
- Bohloko ba pelo bo hlaha khahlano le semelo sa ts'ebetso ea mokokotlo oa pelo. / Li>
- Matšoao a bofubelu letlalong la sefuba le molala, ponahalo ea eona e amana le khatello e phahameng ea mali.
- Maemong a mang, ho ba le nts'etsopele ea yade le ho sitisa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea liphio. Khahlano le semelo sa keketseho ea uric acid maling, mokuli a ka ba le ramatiki.
- Ho fufuleloa ho eketsehileng ho bakoang ke insulin maling.
- Ho nyekeloa ke pelo, letsoalo le amanang le phepelo e phahameng ea mali bokong.
- Ho sokela khafetsa ho bakoang ke taba ea hore khahlano le mokokotlo oa k'holeseterole ka likepeng, mala a qala ho sebetsa le ho feta.
- Tlhahlobo ea ultrasound ea mpa ea mpa,
- electrocardiogram
- tekanyo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea khatello ea mali,
- compression tomography.
- U lokela ho latela mokhoa oa ho ja le ho fokotsa mafura a mangata. Mafura a liphoofolo a felisoa ka botlalo. Ho khothalletsoa hape ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea lik'habohaedreite tse potlakileng.
- Ho fokotsa metabolism le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea maloetse a kopaneng, hoa hlokahala ho tlohela ho tsuba, tšebeliso e mpe ea joala.
- Ho ikoetlisa khafetsa ho bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa khalemelo ea boima le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea mafu a pelo le methapo.
- Tsamaiso e tloaelehileng ea puso ea mots'eare, boroko bo felletseng bosiu.
- Litholoana le monokotsoai tse sa koaeloang litholoana,
- meroho e sa tsoa khuoa le e khethuoeng
- lijo-thollo (harese, perela ea harese, buckwheat, raese e sootho),
- bohobe ba matlama
- sopho ea limela.
- confectionery, chokolete,
- ho baka
- nama e mafura le litlhapi,
- Lijo tse tsoang ka makotikoting, soseuse, nama e tsubang,
- oat, semolina, raese e tšoeu, bijoux,
- skim lebese le lihlahisoa tsa lebese,
- mafura a liphoofolo
- Litholoana tse monate (banana, morara, matsatsi),
- mayonnaise le lisoso,
- tsoekere.
- Acarbose ka hare ka sip ea pele ea lijo: 50-100 mg 3 r / letsatsi, ka nako e telele, kapa
- Metforminum kahare pele ho lijo tsa hoseng le tsa ho robala: 850-1000 mg 2 r / letsatsi, ka nako e telele, kapa
- Pioglitazone ka molomo, ho sa tsotelehe takatso ea lijo, 30 mg 1 p / letsatsi, nako e telele.
- ho theola boima ba 'mele
- fokotsa tšebeliso ea lik'habohaedreite tse bonolo tse jang lijo,
- fokotsa litheolelo tsa mafura a polyunsaturated,
- ts'ebetso ea taolo ea tsoekere ea mali,
- ho khaotsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse ka eketsang likhathatso tsa metabolism ea lipid:
- li-blocker tsa beta tse sa khethang,
- lithethefatsi tse nang le androgenic ama
- probucol
- litokisetso tsa ho thibela pelehi
- ho eketsa mmele
- ho tsuba
- phekolo ea phetisetso ea li-hormone le estrogen nakong ea postmenopausal.
- Calcium ea atorvastatin ka molomo, ho sa tsotelehe lijo tse ngata, 10-80 mg, 1 r / letsatsi, ka nako e telele kapa
- Simvastatin ka molomo mantsiboea, ho sa tsotelehe lijo tse kenang, 5-80 mg, 1 p / letsatsi, ka nako e telele.
- Gemfibrozil hoseng le mantsiboea metsotso e 30 pele u ja 600 mg 2 r / letsatsi, nako e telele.
- Fenofibrate (micronized) ka hare nakong ea e 'ngoe ea lijo tse ka sehloohong 200 mg 1 r / letsatsi, nako e telele.
- tlala ea tlala, moea oa motho oa theoha, o hlalosoang ke ho se lekane ha tsoekere maling a bokong,
- maikutlo a sa utloahaleng a ho tepella le ho tepella ho eketsehileng ho bakoang ke ho hloka matla a lekaneng liseleng tsa lisele,
- tšebeliso ea methapo ea kutlo lijong tse monate tse hlahisoang ke tlhoko ea lisele tsa boko bokong,
- mala a pelo a bakoang ke ho eketseha ha tsoekere ea mali,
- bohloko bo ka pelong bo baka li-cholesterol amana ka har'a lijana tse tlolang phepo e nepahetseng ea pelo,
- hlooho e bohloko e bakoang ke vasoconstriction ka lebaka la li-cholesterol amana,
- khokahano e sa sebetseng le ho nyekeloa ke pelo ke litlamorao tsa khatello e phahameng ea kelello ka lebaka la ho potoloha hantle methapong ea mali ea bokong,
- molomo o omileng le moea o sa khaotseng oa ho nyoroa o hlaha ka ho kenella ha tsoekere e maling maling,
- ho ruruha ho bakoang ke ho mpefala hoa tšubuhlellano ea mala le ts'ebetso ea lijo,
- ho fufuleloa bosiu bosiu ho bakoa ke ketso ea insulin tsamaisong ea methapo ea kutlo.
- Orlistat - kahare pele, nakong ea lijo tse ka sehloohong 120 mg 3 r / ka letsatsi. eseng ho feta lilemo tse 2 kapa
- Sibutramine ka molomo, ho sa tsotelehe takatso ea lijo, 10 mg 1 r / ka letsatsi (le phokotseho ea boima ba 'mele ka tlase ho 2 kg nakong ea libeke tse 4 tsa kalafo, tekanyetso e eketsoa ho 15 mg 1 r / ka letsatsi, eseng ho feta selemo.
- Ho sebelisa litlhare ho thusa ho ntlafatsa kutloisiso ea lisele tsa 'mele hore li be le tsoekere, hammoho le ho tiisa boemo ba eona maling. Ntle le moo, lithethefatsi li ka etsa hore metabolite ea metaboliki e fetole mmele, e lebisang ho fokotseheng ha mafura a 'mele.
- Ho ikoetlisa ka matla ho ka ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa metabolic le ho eketsa maikutlo a mmele ho glucose. Bakeng sa sena, bakuli ba abeloa sehlopha se khethehileng sa boikoetliso, ba hlophisitsoeng ba nahanela litšobotsi tsa bona tsa 'mele.
- Phetoho mokhoeng oa ho ja ka ho fokotsa palo ea lik'habohaedreite le mafura. Mokhoa ona o etselitsoe ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea metabolic 'meleng le ho tlosa boima bo feteletseng. Bakeng sa merero ena, eseng khalori e tlase, empa ho sebelisoa lijo tse nang le nama e tlase ea carb, e lumellang ho se utloe tlala, ho ja monate le ho khotsofatsa.
- botenya ba ka mpeng - sebaka se emeng ka bophara ba 94 cm ho banna le 80 cm ho basali,
- khatello ea mali ka holimo ho 130/80,
- k'holeseterole e phahameng ea mali,
- ea phahameng triglycerides,
- keketseho ea khatello ea tsoekere ea mali.
- Obese.
- Ho phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše.
- Batho ba lilemo tse fetang 60.
- Ngata bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere ba babeli kapa bao beng ka bona ba tšoeroeng ke lona.
- Batho ba nang le lefu la pelo, khatello e phahameng ea mali.
- Basali ba nang le polycystic ovary syndrome.
- C-protheine e sebetsang, ka bongata. Sena ke protheine ea karolo e boima e hlophisitsoeng ka har'a sebete. Ho ts'oaroa ha eona ho ipapisitse le boemo ba cytokines ba pro-inflammatory. O boetse o nka karolo ho etseng lipalo tsa atherosulinotic. Ka metabolic syndrome, boemo ba eona bo phahame.
- Glucose ho plasma. Metabolism syndrome e tšoauoa ka khatello e matla ea tsoekere.
- Cholesterol - lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo (HDL). Ena ke karoloana ea cholesterol e felletseng e thibelang ho theoa hoa liathomo tsa atherosulinotic. Ka metabolic syndrome, HDL e ka fokotsoa.
- Cholesterol - lipoprotein tse fokolang haholo (LDL). Kenya letsoho ho thehoeng ha li-plaque atherosselotic. Ka metabolic syndrome e ka eketseha.
- Kakaretso ea k'holeseterole - kakaretso ea likaroloana tsohle tsa mali tsa lipoprotein, sesupo se ka sehloohong sa metabolism ea mafura. Ka metabolic syndrome, hangata e phahame.
- Cholesterol - lipoprotein tse tlase haholo (VLDL). Li thehiloe ka har'a sebete mme li na le li-phospholipids, triglycerides, cholesterol. Ha ba lokolloa sebeteng ba kena maling, ba fetoha le phetoho ea lik'hemik'hale ha ho etsoa lipoprotein tse fokolang haholo. Ka metabolic syndrome, litaba tsa bona tsa VLDL lia eketseha.
- Khaled. Li thehoa ka mpeng ho tsoa mafura a lijo. Li kenngoa ka har'a lithane tsa adipose mme li jeoa ke lisele ka mokhoa o hlokahalang bakeng sa matla. Ka metabolic syndrome, li-triglycerides lia phahamisoa.
- Serum C-peptide ke protheine e hlakotsoeng ho tsoa ho li-proinsulin nakong ea ho etsoa ha insulin. Ho lekanya boemo ba C-peptide ho u fa monyetla oa ho hakanyetsa insulin maling. Ho metabolic syndrome, boemo ba insulin mme, ka hona, C-peptide hangata e eketsoa.
- Microalbumin ka moriring - liprotheine tse hlahisoang ke liphio ho lefu la methapo, ka mohlala, le lefu la tsoekere.
- Insulin ke hormone ea pancreatic, eo boholo ba eona e atisang ho eketseha ka lefu la metabolic, le hlokahalang ho etsa tefo ea ho hanyetsa lisele ho Hormone ena.
- Homocysteine ke amino acid e thehiloeng nakong ea metabolism ea methionine. Keketseho ea boemo ba eona e tlatsetsa ho thrombosis le nts'etsopele ea lefu la pelo le methapo.
- Tekanyo ea khatello ea mali. Metabolic syndrome e tšoauoa ka khatello ea mali ka holimo ho 130/85.
- Teko ea mamello ea glucose - ho lekanya boemo ba tsoekere maling maling pele ho ho tlisoa hoa glucose (ke hore, pele o nka tharollo ea glucose), le kamora metsotso e 60 le ea 120 kamora eona. E sebelisoa ho hlahloba ts'oaetso ea glucose e senyehileng, e ka bonoang ka metabolic syndrome.
- Electrocardiography (ECG) ke ho rekota ha phapang e ka bang teng le likotsi tsa pelo. Eu lumella hore u hlahlobe mosebetsi oa pelo, ho bona matšoao a lefu la pelo le thata kapa le sa foleng.
- Angiography, compact tomography - mekhoa ea ho nahana e u lumellang hore u hlahlobe boemo ba tsamaiso ea pelo le pelo.
- Lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng.
- Ho ikoetlisa ka ho lekaneng.
- Tlhahlobo ea kamehla ea thibelo ho batho ba kotsing ea ho ba le metabolic syndrome.
- Tlhahlobo ea laboratori bakeng sa lefu la metabolic
- Glucose ea plasma
- Cholesterol - Lips tse ngata tse phahameng haholo (HDL)
- Cholesterol - Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)
- Kakaretso ea k'holeseterole
- Cholesterol - Lipoprotein tse tlase haholo (VLDL)
- Khaled
- Setsoalle sa Atherogenic
- Serum C-peptide
- Microalbumin mokokotlong
- C-protheine e sebetsang, ka bongata
- Insulin
- Homocysteine
Letšoao la metabolic syndrome ke eng?
Ho tsohle tse boletsoeng ka holimo, khatello e matla ea mali ke pontšo ea metabolic syndrome. Haeba motho a e-na le hepatosis e mafura, mohlomong o na le lefu la metabolic kapa mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere. Leha ho le joalo, botenya ba sebete ha bo nkoe e le sesupo sa MS.
Metabolism syndrome e fumanoa joang ka liteko tsa cholesterol?
Semelo se molaong bakeng sa ho fumana lefu la metabolic syndrome se fokotsoe feela ka "cholesterol" e ntle.
Ke liteko life tsa mali tse lokelang ho nkuoa ho lekola kotsi ea lefu la pelo?
Ke eng e tloaelehileng boemo ba triglycerides maling?
Pheko ea mantlha ke lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse tlase. Lithuto tsa boikoetliso ha li na ho thusa ho tloaela boemo ba li-triglycerides maling, ntle le baatlelete ba maemo ba koetlisang lihora tse 4-6 ka letsatsi.
Litlamorao ke life tsa lithethefatsi tsa cholesterol statin?
Catad_tema Metabolic Syndrome - lingoloa
Ke mang ea kulang?
Mokhoa oa bophelo oa batho ba kajeno o fapane haholo le oa baholo-holo ba rona. Baahi ba bangata ba na le bothata ba ho se sebetse 'meleng, bo lebisang ho nts'etsopele ea li-pathologies tse' maloa, haholo-holo, metabolic syndrome. Sena ke 'nete haholo ho baahi ba linaha tse tsoetseng pele.
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ho fihlela 30% ea baahi ba baholo ho feta lilemo tse 30 ba tšoeroe ke lefu lena. Ha batho ba baholo ba le lilemo li kae, ba ba le batho ba bangata ba nang le metabolic syndrome. Europe, palo ena e haufi le 50%.
Metabolic syndrome e boetse e hlaha baneng. Lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tse fetileng, palo ea bana ba kulang le bacha ba Europe e eketsehile, mme palo ena e atametse 6.5%. Ho lumeloa hore keketseho ea palo ea bana ba kulang e amahanngoa le phepelo e sa lekanang ea lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite, mafura, lijo tse potlakileng.
Ha a le monyane, hangata metabolic syndrome e hlaha ho banna. Ho basali, lefu lena le hlaha khahlano le semelo sa ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli. Monyetla oa ho ba le lefu lena ho basali kamora ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli o eketseha ka makhetlo a 5.
Lisosa tsa lefu lena
Sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu lena ke nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa insulin ho batho. Insulin ke eona hormone ea bohlokoahali e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho nkela tsoekere. Bakeng sa sena, lihormone li tlama li-receptor tse ikhethang holim'a membrane ea sele, ka mor'a moo sele e khona ho isa molek'hule ea glucose ho cytoplasm. Haeba motho a hanyetsa insulin, ha ho na li-receptor tse lekaneng bakeng sa lihormone tsena ka holim'a lisele, kapa li sitoa ho e tlama. Ka lebaka leo, ts'oaetso ea tsoekere e hloleha, 'me e bokellana maling. Boemo bona bo lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome.
Mabaka a ho hana insulin:
Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa hore ho ke ke ha khoneha ho tlohela ka botlalo ts'ebeliso ea mafura, hobane li-acid tse mafura li hlokahala bakeng sa metabolism e tloaelehileng le kaho ea likarolo tsa sele. Mafura a meroho a nang le mafura a bohlokoa a sa hlahisoang a mafura a molemo haholo 'meleng oa motho.
Ho nwa meriana e itseng e amang metabolism.
Ntle le moo, metabolic syndrome e ka hlaha khahlanong le semelo sa:
Matšoao a lefu la kelello
Boloetse bo qala butle butle. Matšoao a eketseha butle, 'me methating ea pele ha a ame bophelo ba motho le tsela eo a phelang ka eona.
Glucose ke "mafura" a mantlha a cellular, e fana ka matla ho lits'ebetso tsohle tsa metabolic 'meleng.Ka nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa insulin maling a motho, palo e lekaneng ea tsoekere e teng, empa ha e kene liseleng, 'me ha e na limatlafatsi. Sena se baka matšoao a sebopeho sa metabolic syndrome:
Ha lefu lena le ntse le eketseha, matšoao a mang a hlaha:
Tlhahlobo ea lefu lena
Metabolic syndrome e fumanoa motheong oa nalane le litlamorao tsa tlhahlobo ea mali. Ho hlahlojoa ho hloka hore ho be le botenya ba ka mpeng, khatello e phahameng ea mali (ka holimo ho 130 ka 80 mm Hg), keketseho ea tekanyo ea tsoekere maling le litlolo tse ling tsa paramente ea biochemical.
Ho fumana boemo ba mokuli, ho eketsoa hape:
Mokhoa oa bophelo
Ha ho na tlase, ebile mohlomong ho bohlokoa ho feta ho nka meriana, le tsela ea mokuli. Phetoho ea mantlha mokhoeng oa bophelo ke mohato oa pele oa ho laola boima bo feteletseng le mathata a amanang le ona.
Koetliso ea lipapali e thusa ho chesa mafura le ho eketsa metabolism, e thibelang phaello e eketsehileng ea boima. Bakuli ba nang le metabolic syndrome ba khothalletsoa ho etsa boikoetliso ba mahareng le bonyane makhetlo a mane ka beke.Lipapali tse kang ho tsamaea le ho matha, ho palama baesekele le ho tsamaisa, ho sesa, ho tants'a li loketse, empa koetliso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e thabisang mokuli e loketse. Ho bohlokoa haholo hore motho a se ke a ea lipapaling ho tloha tlasa thupa, empa o natefeloa ke ts'ebetso ena.
Hoa hlokahala ho qala ho bapala lipapali ka ho ikoetlisa ka matla a tlase, 'me butle butle o li eketse. Nako ea boikoetliso e lokela ho ba bonyane halofo ea hora. Ho boetse ho na le thuso ea ho ikoetlisa hoseng ho hong le ho hong le ho tsamaea ka maoto mantsiboea a mang le a mang. Haeba u bapala lipapali khafetsa, sena ha se na ho u lebisa ho lahleheloang ke boima ba 'mele feela, empa hape se tla ntlafatsa bophelo ba hao ka kakaretso, ho kenyeletsoa boemo ba maikutlo le maikutlo.
Boemo ba kelello ba motho bo bohlokoa haholo ho lefu lena. Metabolic syndrome ha se lefu le ka folisoang ke meriana e bonolo; boiteko bo tlameha ho etsoa ho lokisa boemo ba bophelo bo botle. Ntho e ka sehloohong ntlheng ena ke ho utloisisa hore lefu lena le kotsi haholo, 'me u qale ho fetola tsela e tloaelehileng ea bophelo ba hau.
Ho ikoetlisa ke mothusi ea molemo ho sena. Nakong ea boikoetliso ba 'mele, ho hlahisoa li-endorphin tsa "lihormone", tse etsang hore motho a be le matla a mangata le ho ntlafatsa mohopolo. Pholo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lipapali e tsosa katleho e ncha le e ncha eseng lipapaling feela, empa le tseleng ea bophelo. Sena sohle se thusa ho laola lefu lena le ho phela bophelo bo felletseng, bo sa imetsoeng ke litlamorao tsa metabolic syndrome.
Ka metabolic syndrome, o tlameha ho latela lijo ka tieo le ho fokotsa ho ja le mafura a mangata. Lijo tse joalo li sebetsa hantle bakeng sa ho lokisa boima bo feteletseng.
Ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa hore ho ja ha se tlala kapa lijo tse nang le khalori e tlase. Motho ha a lokela ho lula a lapa kamehla. Maemong ana, maikutlo a hae a putlama, 'me ke batho ba fokolang haholo ba ka ithorisang ka ho ba le matla a lekaneng a ho mamella lijo tse joalo. Ntle le moo, tlala e baka ho fokola hoa bophelo bo botle, ho fokotseha hoa boits'ireletso.
Ka lefu la metabolic, ho bontšoa lijo tse nang le carb e fokolang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lenane la lihlahisoa tse amohelehang le pharalletse, 'me ho tsoa ho bona o ka pheha lijana tse ngata tse monate. Tloaelo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea lijo tse joalo ke 1600-1900 kcal. U hloka ho ja ka likarolo tse nyane makhetlo a 4-5 ka letsatsi. Sena se tla thusa ho sebetsana le tlala. Lipakeng tsa lijo, o ka ja litholoana.
Ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa phallo ea maro ho litha e le ngoe le halofo ka letsatsi (ho kenyelletsa le sopho). U ka noa tee ea limela, metsi a nang le liminerale, lero le nchafalitsoeng ntle le tsoekere.
Se lokelang ho behelloa ka thoko lijong:
Pheko ea Hypoglycemic
Pele o qala pharmacotherapy kapa hammoho le eona, ho fanoa ka phepo e tlase ea khalori mme ho khethoa 'muso oa ho ikoetlisa.
Kaha ho hanyetsa insulin ke motheo oa mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea metabolic, li-agents tsa hypoglycemic ke lithethefatsi tsa khetho.
Ka moetlo, linaheng tse ngata, tekanyetso ea metformin ea letsatsi le letsatsi ha e fetise 1000 mg, ha liphetho tsa lithuto tsa UK IRDS li ile tsa amoheloa e le mokhoa o sebetsang oa kalafo ho bakuli ba nang le mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere 2500 mg / ka letsatsi.Tekanyo e phahameng ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea metformin ke 3000 mg. Phekolo ea Metformin e khothalletsoa ka keketseho ea butle-butle ea lethal dose tlasa taolo ea litekanyetso tsa tsoekere ea mali.
Matla a ho sebelisa acarbose a ipapisitse le lethal dose: ha tekanyetso ea lithethefatsi e le matla, lik'habohaedreite tse tlase lia robeha ebe li kenella ka mpeng e nyane. Phekolo e lokela ho qala ka karolo e nyane ea 25 mg mme kamora matsatsi a 2-3, e eketse ho 50 mg, ebe 100 mg. Tabeng ena, nts'etsopele ea litla-morao e ka qojoa.
Ha ho se na phello e lakatsehang, lithethefatsi tse ling li lokela ho sebelisoa - tse tsoang ho sulfonylurea le insulin. Ho lokela ho hlakisoa hore lithethefatsi tsena li ka fuoa lingoloa tsa lefu la metabolic feela maemong a lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, leha ho na le tekanyetso e kholo ea metformin le lijo le boikoetliso. Pele u etsa qeto ea ho khethoa ha sulfonylurea kapa li-insulin, ho bohlokoa ho qala ts'ebeliso ea metformin le acarbose kapa pioglitazone le rosiglitazone ho litekanyetso tse kaholimo.
Pheko ea dyslipidemia
Phekolo ea dyslipidemia ho metabolic syndrome e kenyeletsa ntoa khahlanong le insulin, thibelo ea mafu a kopaneng, hammoho le kalafo ea matšoao, e kenyeletsang phetoho ea mekhoa ea bophelo le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa antilipidemic.
Mehato e etselitsoeng ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea lipid ho metabolic syndrome:
Moriana oa khetho bakeng sa lefu la metabolic le keketseho e ka sehloohong ea cholesterol e felletseng le LDL ke lipalo. Khetho e lokela ho fanoa ho lithethefatsi tse nkileng nako e telele, phello ea eona e bonahatsoa ho litekanyetso tse tlase. Hoo e batlang e le bafuputsi bohle ba ba nka e le lithethefatsi tsa khetho ho phekolo ea mathata a metabolism ea lipid ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la 2. kalafo e lokela ho qala ka tekanyetso e fokolang (5-10 mg), ka keketseho ea butle le tlasa taolo ea cholesterol ea mali:
Ka metabolic syndrome e nang le keketseho e kholo ea li-triglycerides, ho khothalletsoa motsoako oa li-fibrate tsa moloko oa III (gemfibrozil). Ka ho fokotsa sebopeho sa "triglycerides" ka sebete ka ho thibela sebopeho sa LDL, gemfibrozil e eketsa tlhoko ea kutlo ho insulin. Ntle le moo, e na le phello e molemo tšebetsong ea ts'ebetso ea methapo ea mali, e senyehileng ka har'a metabolic syndrome:
Ka metabolic syndrome e nang le dyslipidemia le hyperuricemia, fenofibrate ke lithethefatsi tsa khetho, e thusa ho fokotsa boemo ba uric acid maling le 10-28%.
Pheko ea antihypertensive
Phekolo ea khatello ea methapo ea methapo methapong ea metabolic e ts'oana le kalafo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ho lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2. Pharmacotherapy e lokela ho qala haeba ho se na phello ea phetoho ea bophelo ba mokuli le lithethefatsi tsa khetho, li-blockers tsa receptor tsa ACE le li-angiotensin receptor hajoale lia tsebahala (litekanyetso li khethoa ka bonngoe tlasa taolo ea khatello ea mali).Khatello ea mali e lebelletsoeng bakeng sa lefu la metabolic ke 130/80 mmHg. Art. Ho fihlela boemo ba sepheo, bakuli ba bangata ba tlameha ho fana ka litlhare tse peli bonyane. Kahoo, haeba monotherapy e sa sebetse hantle le li-blockers tsa ACE kapa li-angiotensin receptor blockers, ho bohlokoa hore u eketse thiazide diuretic (ka litekanyetso tse tlase le ka tlhokomeliso) kapa mohanyetsi oa khalsiamo (khetho e fanoa ka mefuta e sa fetoleng). Ka tachycardia, extrasystoles kapa arrhythmias, li-beta-blockers tsa pelo le tsona li sebelisoa.
Matšoao a lefu lena
Boloetse bo ka 'na ba se ke ba iponahatsa ka nako e telele, bo sa e lumelle hore bo fumanoe mehatong ea pele. Ke mokhoa oa asymptomatic o emelang kotsi e kholo ka ho fetisisa. Phekolo ea kalafo ea metabolic e sa tsoa qala, ha e sa hlahise lipontšo tsa eona.
Matšoao a latelang a metabolic syndrome a khetholloa:
U ka etsa eng
Ha o phekola metabolic syndrome, ho bohlokoa haholo hore o latele litaelo tsohle tsa ngaka hantle. Ke maemong ana feela, khalemelo ea metabolism e tla lekana.
Mehato e reretsoeng ho fokotsa bongata ba mafura a ka mpeng ke boemo ba bobeli bo seng bohlokoa joalo ka kalafo. Mesebetsi e ka aroloa hore e be lijo tse nang le phepo e ntle le boikoetliso bo itekanetseng ba 'mele. Lijo li etsoa ka ho nahana ka boima ba 'mele, lilemo, bong, boemo ba ho ikoetlisa le ho lemalla bakuli. Ho ja mafura le lik'habohaedreite ho lekane. Bongata bo boholo ba fiber ea lijo bo kenngoa lijong. Ho fokotseha ha boima ba 'mele ho lebisa ho eketseheng ha maikutlo ho insulin, ho fokotseha ha systemic hyperinsulinemia, normalization ea lipid le metabolism ea carbohydrate, le ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali.
Ho fihlella sepheo, ho hlokahala ho latela lijo tse nang le matla a tlase a khalori le ho ikoetlisa ka tatellano. Karolo ea mafura ha ea lokela ho feta 25-30% ea khalori ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea khalori. Hoa hlokahala ho kenyelletsa lik'habohaedreite tse bonolo tsa ho ja, ho eketsa tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse nang le 'mele (starch) le lik'habohaedreite tse sa cheng (li-fiber tsa phepo).
Pheko ea botenya
Pharmacotherapy ea botena bo boholo e le karolo ea methapo ea kutlo e ka qala ka BMI> 27 kg / m2:
Mekhoa ea ho alafa lefu
Metabolic syndrome e ka alafshoa ka ho fetola mekhoa le litloaelo. Mme ho ntlafatsa boemo ba mokuli ho thusa ho nka meriana e fokotsang lipontšo tsa lefu lena.
Qeto
E le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lefu lena le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba lona, ho bohlokoa ho ba ka nako e loketseng ho bona ngaka le ho latela litaelo tsohle tsa hae ka tieo. Mokhoa ona feela o tla qoba mathata a bakoang ke lefu lena. Ka metabolic syndrome, khatello ea maikutlo ke ntho e tloaelehileng e sokelang bophelo ba mokuli.
Ho bohlokoa hape ka tsela e tšoanang ho etsa tsohle ho hlola botenya. Ntle le moo ho hlahisoa ha mafura ka mofuta oa androgenic ha ho 'mala kapa ke basali kapa bana. Maemong ana, ho tlameha ho hlophisoa mokhoa oa ho ikoetlisa, ho kengoa tšebetsong mojaro oa mesifa.
Sebakeng sa mafura a mafura a mangata le lik'habohaedreite tse potlakisang ho ja lijo tse hlokahalang, ho bohlokoa ho kenyelletsa lijo tse ling tse nang le phepo ea lijo (fiber) lijong. Ntle le moo, fiber le eona e na le lik'habohaedreite, empa e kenella butle butle, ntle le ho baka ho tsoa ka matla ha insulin maling.
Ha boima ba 'mele bo ntse bo fokotseha, maikutlo a insulin a tla qala ho khutlela liseleng tsa' mele, hammoho le ho ntlafatsa metabolism le khatello e tlase ea mali.
Ольга Melikhova Olga Aleksandrovna - ngaka ea endocrinologist, boiphihlelo ba lilemo tse 2.
O kenya letsoho ts'ebetsong ea thibelo, ts'oaetso le kalafo ea mafu a tsamaiso ea endocrine: tšoelesa ea qoqotho, manyeme, gland ea adrenal, gland ea pituitary, litšoelesa tsa thobalano, li-gathy tsa parathyroid, gland ea thymus
Mefuta e 2 e etella pele lipakeng tsa lisosa tsa lefu, ka hona thibelo ea mafu ana ke bothata ba bohlokoa ba nako ea rona. Bophelong ba thibelo ea mafu afe kapa afe ke ho loana le maemo a kotsi. Poleloana ea metabolic syndrome e sebelisoa ho lingaka ka nepo molemong oa ho lemoha le ho tlosa mabaka a kotsi bakeng sa mafu a pelo le lefu la tsoekere.
Metabolic syndrome ke sehlopha sa maemo a kotsi bakeng sa lefu la pelo le lefu la tsoekere. Litlokotsi tse e leng karolo ea "metabolic syndrome", li sa bonoe nako e telele, hangata li qala ho ba bongoaneng le bohlankana, li sa lebise ho mafu a atherosranceotic, lefu la tsoekere, khatello ea mali. Khafetsa, bakuli ba nang le botenya, "tsoekere" e nyane ea "glucose" le khatello e phahameng ea mali maemong a holimo ha ba fuoe tlhokomelo e nepahetseng. Ke feela ha lintlha tsena tse kotsi li fetohang bokuli bo tebileng moo mokuli a fumanang tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle.
Ho bohlokoa hore lintlha tsa kotsi li khetholloe 'me li lokisoe esale pele pele li lebisa litsietsing tsa lefu la pelo. Ho sena, kenyelletso le ts'ebeliso ea mohopolo o kang metabolic syndrome o bapala karolo e kholo.
Bakeng sa ho nolofalletsa bakuli le lingaka, ho thehiloe mekhoa e hlakileng e lumellang, ka tlhahlobo e fokolang, ho hlahloba metabolic syndrome. Hajoale, lingaka tse ngata li sebelisa tlhaloso e le 'ngoe ea metabolic syndrome e buelloang ke International Diabetes Federation: motsoako oa botenya ba ka mpeng le lintlha life kapa life tse ling tse peli (dyslipidemia, mathata a metabolism ea carbohydrate, khatello ea methapo ea mali) .
Tsebiso ea lefu la metabolic
Haeba ho hlokahala, ngaka e tlang e tla fana ka tlhahlobo e 'ngoe:
Tlhahlobo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea khatello ea mali, ECG, ultrasound ea pelo le methapo ea mali, boikemisetso ba litekanyetso tsa biochemical tsa lipids tsa mali, liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea sebete le a liphio, boikemisetso ba tsoekere ea mali lihora tse 2 kamora ho ja kapa kamora tlhahlobo ea mamello ea glucose.
Tlhahiso ea meriana ea metabolic
Pharmacotherapy ea metabolic syndrome e etselitsoe ho phekola botenya, mathata a metabolism ea carbohydrate, khatello ea methapo ea methapo le dyslipidemia.
Ho fihla joale, metformin (Siofor, Glucofage) e sebelisoa ho phekola mathata a amanang le metabolism ea carbohydrate ho metabolic syndrome. Tekanyetso ea Metformin e khethoa tlas'a taolo ea methapo ea tsoekere ea mali. Motsoako oa pele hangata ke 500-850 mg, lethal dose le le phahameng ka ho fetisisa la letsatsi ke 2,5-3 g. Ka tlhokomeliso, moriana o lokela ho fuoa bakuli ba tsofetseng. Metformin e tšoaetsanoa ho bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho ruruha ba mokokotlo le ba hepatic. Ka tloaelo, metformin e mamelloa hantle, ho tšoenyeha ka mpeng ho teng har'a litla-morao, ka hona ho khothalletsoa hore e noe nakong ea lijo kapa hang ka mor'a lijo.
Ka tšebeliso e feteletseng ea lithethefatsi kapa ka tlolo ea lijo, hypoglycemia e ka hlaha - ho fokotseha ha tsoekere ea mali. Hypoglycemia e bontšoa ke bofokoli, ho thothomela 'meleng, maikutlo a tlala, ho tšoenyeha. Mabapi le sena, ho bohlokoa ho lekola ka hloko boemo ba tsoekere ea mali ha u nka metformin. Ho molemo ha mokuli a e-na le glucometer - sesebelisoa sa ho ikarola tsoekere ea mali hae.
Orlistat (Xenical) e sebelisoa haholo ho phekola botenya. Tekanyetso ke 120 mg ka nako ea hora kapa kamora hora ho latela lijo tse kholo (empa eseng ho feta makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi). Ha ho na le lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata lijong, orlistat e lumelloa ho haelloa. Setlhare sena se fokotsa ho kenngoa ha mafura ka mpeng, ka hona, haeba mokuli a eketsa mafura a mangata lijong, joale ho hlaha litlamorao tse sa thabiseng: ho nyehlisoa ha mafura ho tsoa ho anus, flatulence, hangata ho khothalletseng ho kheloha.
Bakuli ba nang le dyslipidemia, ka ho se sebetse hantle ha kalafo ea ho ja ka nako e ka bang likhoeli tse 3-6, ba fuoa litlhare tse fokotsang lipid, tse kenyelletsang li-statins kapa fibrate. Lithethefatsi tsena li na le meeli e mengata ea ts'ebeliso le litlamorao tse mpe, li lokela ho fuoa ngaka ea hau feela.
Lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive tse khothalletsoang bakeng sa lefu la metabolic li kenyelletsa li-angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (enalapril, lisinopril), calcium Channel blockers (amlodipine) le imidosaline receptor agonists (rilmenidine, moxonidine). Khetho ea lithethefatsi e etsoa ke setsebi sa bongaka kapa sa pelo ka bonngoe, ho ipapisitse le boemo bo itseng ba kliniki.
Liphetoho tsa metabolic syndrome
Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, metabolic syndrome ke sesosa sa kotsi ea nts'etsopele ea mafu a tebileng a pelo le lefu la tsoekere, ka hona, ho lokela ho lebisoa tlhokomelo e haufi mabapi le thibelo le kalafo ea eona.
Ngaka endocrinologist Fayzulina N.M.
Eo e eketsang haholo kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la pelo, lefu la tsoekere la 2 le mafu a mang a mangata. Ebile, ha se lefu le joalo, empa le emela sehlopha sa maemo a kotsi a atisang ho hlaha hammoho, se eketsang monyetla oa bokuli bo tebileng.
Poleloana "metabolic syndrome" e hlahisitsoe haufinyane tjena - ka bo 80s lekholong la XX. Ona ke a mang a mathata a mantlha a bophelo bo botle linaheng tse ngata tsa lefatše. Palo ea batho ba baholo ba nang le lefu la metabolic e fihla ho 25-30% libakeng tse ling. E atile haholo linaheng tsa Asia Bochabela, Latin America, USA le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe.
Haeba pejana metabolic syndrome e ne e nkuoa e le lefu la batho ba baholo, joale karolo ea bacha ba nang le eona e eketsehile. Hoa tšoana le ho banna le basali, empa haufinyane ho bile le keketseho ea maemo a basali ba lilemo tsa ho ba le bana - sena e ka ba lebaka la boimana, ts'ebeliso ea lithibela-pelehi tsa molomo, le polycystic ovary syndrome.
Ntle le mafu a pelo le lefu la tsoekere, lefu la metabolic le lebisa ho steatohepatitis e senang joala, mafu a mangata a oncological, ho kenyelletsa le mofetše oa matsoele, mala a maholo le lefu la senya. Kamano ea lefu la metabolic le ho ba teng ha psoriasis le mathata a mang a amanang le neuropsychiatric le tsona li ile tsa senoloa.
Mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome ha o utloisisehe ka botlalo. Ho phekola bakuli ke mosebetsi o thata ho feta oo. Maemong a mang, mokhoa oa bophelo bo botle - phepo e nepahetseng, boikoetliso ba 'mele - fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le mafu a tebileng.
Metabolic Syndrome X, Riven Syndrome, Insulin Resistance Syndrome, New World Syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome X, lefu la pelo le methapo ea kutlo, lefu la dysmetabolic, syndrome ea X, Reaven syndrome.
Tlhahlobo ea methapo ea metabolic e thehiloe moo ho nang le matšoao a mararo kapa ho feta moo:
Tlhahisoleseling ka kakaretso mabapi le lefu lena
Nts'etsopele ea metabolic syndrome e ipapisitse le liphatsa tsa lefutso le lintlha tse 'maloa tsa ka ntle: ts'ebetso e tlase ea' mele, khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng. Ho lumeloa hore karolo e etelletseng pele e bapaloa ke ts'ebetso e sa sebetseng ea lisele tsa adipose le nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa insulin.
Letšoao la lefu la metabolic ke seo ho thoeng ke botenya ba ka mpeng. Ka eona, lithane tsa adipose li kenngoa ka mpeng le boholo ba mafura a "kahare" a nyoloha (kantle ho sena e kanna ea ba a sa bonahale). Mafura a ka mpeng a eketsehile ho hanyetsa insulin, ho fapana le subcutaneous.
Insulin ke hormone e thehiloeng ke lisele tsa beta tsa manyeme ebile e ameha ka mefuta eohle ea metabolism. Tlas'a ketso ea insulin, tsoekere e kenella liseleng tsa litho tse fapaneng tsa 'mele, moo e sebelisoang e le mohloli oa matla. Tsoekere e ngata sebeteng e bokellana e le glycogen kapa e sebelisetsoa ho kopanya mafura a mafura. Insulin hape e fokotsa mosebetsi oa ho phatloha oa mafura le liprotheine. Haeba insulin e hanyetsa lisele e etsahala, 'mele o hloka li-hormone tsena tse eketsehileng. Ka lebaka leo, boemo ba insulin le tsoekere maling bo ea eketseha, tšebeliso ea glucose ke lisele e senyeha. Ts'oaetso ea glucose e ngata e senya lebota la vascular mme e senya ts'ebetso ea litho, ho kenyeletsa le liphio. Insulin e ngata e etsa hore limpho li bolokoe ke liphio, ka lebaka leo, li eketseha khatello ea mali.
Ho hlohlona ha litonki tsa Adipose ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho thehoeng ha insulin. Ka botenya ba ka mpeng, lisele tsa mafura lia eketsoa, li kenella ka macrophages, e lebisang ho lokollotsoeng ha li-cytokines tse ngata - tumor necrosis factor, leptin, resistin, adiponectin le ba bang. Ka lebaka leo, tšebelisano ea insulin le li-receptor holim'a sele e ea senyeha. Ntho e 'ngoe e eketsang kholo ea ho hanyetsa ke botenya, hobane insulin e ka ipokella liseleng tsa mafura.
Khanyetso ea insulin e ama metabolism ea mafura: e eketsa boemo ba lipoprotein tse fokolang haholo (VLDL), lipensense tse tlase tsa methapo ea methapo (LDL), triglycerides, e fokotse khatello ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo e phahameng ea methapo (HDL). Li-lipoprotein tse fokolang haholo ke karolo ea cholesterol e felletseng e amehang ho bopeng lebota la sele le ho kenngoeng ha lihormone tsa thobalano. Leha ho le joalo, ho fetella hoa LDL ("cholesterol e mpe") ho ka lebisa ho thehoeng hoa litheko tsa atherosselotic leboteng la sejana le methapo ea methapo ea pelo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo, ke "cholesterol" e ntle.Ba nka karolo ho fetiseng k'holeseterole e feteletseng ho khutlela ho sebete, hape ba thibela ho thehoa ha litsoelesa tsa atherosselotic. Ka lipoprotein le li-triglyceride tse ngata haholo, tse shebiloeng ho metabolic syndrome, boemo ba "cholesterol" e ntle hangata bo fokotseha.
Ntle le moo, ka metabolic syndrome, lebota la vascular le ba melala, mosebetsi oa thrombotic oa mali oa eketseha, 'me palo ea li-cytokine tsa pro-inflammatory e eketseha. Tsena tsohle le tsona li eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo.
Ka hona, metabolic syndrome ke mofuta o rarahaneng oa maemo a pathological a amanang haholo. Tsamaiso ea ho theha metabolic syndrome ha e utloisisehe ka botlalo.
Ha ho sa sebelisoe kalafo e nepahetseng, metabolic syndrome e ka lebisa ho mafu a 'maloa a tebileng ka lilemo tse' maloa: lefu la methapo ea methapo ea pelo, haholo lefu la pelo, mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la 2. E boetse e eketsa menyetla ea tšenyo ea sebete le nts'etsopele ea morao ea cirrhosis, lefu la liphio le mofets'e.
Ke mang ea kotsing?
Ho khetholla lefu la metabolic ho ipapisitse le data ea tlhahlobo, nalane, sephetho sa lithuto tsa laboratori le tsa lisebelisoa. Morero o ka sehloohong oa tlhahlobo ea mali ke botenya ba ka mpeng, empa ha e bonts'a ho ba teng hoa metabolic syndrome ka boyona, empa ka ho kopants'oa le matšoao a mang a mangata a netefalitsoeng ke tlhahlobo.
Ho bohlokoa ho leka ho fumana sesosa sa botenya, se ka amanang le, mohlala, le mafu a system ea endocrine.
Mekhoa e meng ea ho etsa lipatlisiso
Motheo oa kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le metabolic syndrome ke ho fihlela le ho boloka boima bo tloaelehileng. Bakeng sa sena, ho ja, ho ikoetlisa ho sebelisoa. Tsamaiso e tloaelehileng ea boima le mokhoa o phetseng hantle oa bophelo bo fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le mathata a tebileng a metabolic syndrome.
Meriana e sebelisoa ho latela ho ata ha liphetoho tse itseng tsa pathological: khatello ea mali ea methapo, mathata a carbohydrate kapa lipid metabolism.
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U ka ja tsoekere e kae ka letsatsi
U ka ja bokae ha u bala palo e sebelisitsoeng, ha hoa lekana ho nahana feela ka tsoekere eo u e tšollang hoseng ka har'a lebese kapa ka tee. Se ke la lebala hore lihlahisoa tse ngata le tsona li na le eona. ... -
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