Glycated hemoglobin - ke eng

Ka nako e telele, lefu la tsoekere le ka ba teng ka sebopeho sa morao, kapa mokuli a ka se hlokomele matšoao a kotsi.

Sena se lebisa litlamorao tse mpe tse ke keng tsa fetoloa tsa bophelo bo botle.

Tlhahlobo ea hemoglobin ea glycosylated ke thuto e nang le tsebo ka ho fetisisa ho hlokeng lefu la tsoekere, ho kenyeletsa le methating ea lona ea pele. Nahana ka mokhoa oa ho fana ka mali, le hore na litholoana li ka bua ka eng.

Biochemistry ea mali ho HbA1C: ke eng?

Boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycated bo u lumella ho fumana hore na ke karolo efe ea hemoglobin e tlamang tsoekere ho eona nakong ea karabelo, eo tsoekere le amino acid li kenang ho kenella ha glucose ka membrane ea erythrocyte.

Ts'ebetso ena e etsahala khafetsa 'meleng, empa haeba tsoekere e lula e “qhomela” maling, boemo ba tsoekere kahare ho sele e khubelu ea mali bo tsitsitse (e lula e le boemong bo tšoanang ho isa ho likhoeli tse 4).

Maemong a mangata, ho etsoa tlhahlobo bakeng sa mellitus ea lefu la tsoekere, le ho beha leihlo tsoelo-pele ea bothata bo seng bo fumanoe ba endocrine.

Ho fapana le tlhahlobo e potlakileng ea tlhahlobo ea tsoekere maling, sesupo se kang hemoglobin ea glycosylated hangata sea utloahala.

Mona ke liphapang tsa bohlokoa:

• e bonts'a boleng bo akaretsang likhoeling tse tharo tse fetileng, ho bolelang hore ho thetsa ngaka ka ho lula feela lijong ka matsatsi a 'maloa pele u nka tlhahlobo e tla hloleha.
• hemoglobin ea glycated hoo e batlang e sa itšetlehe ka tšusumetso ea lintho tse kantle, hobane e bonts'a boleng bo tloaelehileng (tlhahlobo e potlakileng e potlakileng e ka "qhekella" ka lebaka la bokuli bo fetileng, khatello ea maikutlo, ts'ebetso ea 'mele kapa lintho tse ling),
• glycosylated hemoglobin e lumella ngaka hore e bone ka nepo haholoanyane hore na lits'ebetso tsa "metabolism" ea "carbohydrate" li tsamaisa 'mele joang.

Ho tseba setšoantšo sa kliniki, lingaka li fumana hemoglobin e kentsoeng ke HbA1C. Teko e joalo e theko e phahameng haholo (theko e phahameng ke eona feela ntho e hulang mokhoa) ho feta tlhahlobisong e potlakileng, empa e lokela ho etsoa haeba ngaka e tsitlallela ho eona.

Batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba lokela ho hlahlojoa likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tharo, batho ba phetseng hantle lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo.

Mokhoa oa ho fumana qeto ea hemoglobin ea glycosylated maling

Lilemong tse mashome a mararo tse fetileng, ho ile ha qaptjoa mokhoa ona oa ho etsa lipatlisiso.

Re thathamisa mekhoa e sebelisoang hajoale:

1. tshebetso e phahameng ea metsi chromatography. Melemo: Liphetho tse nepahetseng tse boletsoeng ke mohlahlobi oa maemo ka boiketsetso. Mokhoa: Mokgwa ona o theko e boima,
2. phapanyetsano ea ion ea phapanyetsano. Phuputso ena ke e 'ngoe ea tse rarahaneng ho feta, ke li-laboratori tse' maloa feela tse nang le lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang,
3. khatello e tlase ea ion exchange chromatography. Tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoe ka metsotso e mehlano feela, ho kenyelletsoa ka boeona e le mobile. E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e potlakileng le ea sejoale-joale,
4. immunoturbidimetry - Mokhoa o mong o nepahetseng haholo (theko e tlaase hanyane ho feta ka chromatography),
5. lisebelisoa tse nkehang. Naheng ea Russia, ha ba e-so fumane phetiso e pharalletseng, leha ho le joalo, ba bangata kantle ho naha ba na le bahlahisi ba mahlale a lapeng.

Ha e le molao, phoso e entsoeng ho khetholla liperesente tsa glycogemoglobin ha e ea fokola ebile ha ea itšetleha haholo ka mokhoa o khethiloeng oa tlhahlobo.

Matšoao a ho hlahlojoa

Haeba ho hlokahala, boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycosylated e ikemiselitsoe ho bana, lilemong tsa bocha le ho batho ba baholo, ho kenyeletsoa basali ba baimana:

• lefu la tsoekere le belaelloang kapa mathata a mang a metabolism ea carbohydrate,
• bokhachane ho basali ba kotsing (joalo ka molao, tlhahlobo e reretsoe libeke tse 10),
• mofuta oa 1 le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2,
• ka linako tse ling boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycated bo khethoa ka khatello ea mali.

O mong oa melemo ea mokhoa ona ke hore o u lumella ho khetholla mathata a endocrine maemong a bona a pele.

Glycosylated hemoglobin ke eng?

Meleng ea motho e mong le e mong ho na le protheine - glycated hemoglobin (glycated hemoglobin). E fumaneha ka har'a lisele tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, tseo hemoglobin e sebetsang ka nako e telele.

Boemo ba hemoglobin e lekantsoeng ea glycated e ka bolela hore na hemoglobin e maling e hokahane le glucose, 'me sena sohle se hlahisoa e le liperesente. Hemoglobin ka har'a lintho tsa rona e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa, e khotsofatsa lisele tsohle le litho tsohle ka oksijene.

Ntle le moo, hemoglobin e na le tšobotsi e le 'ngoe, e kopana le tsoekere, hape, ts'ebetso ena ha e fetohe. Kamora ho glycation joalo, glycosylated hemoglobin e hlaha.

Hang ha hemoglobin e phahama, ho na le monyetla oa ho ba le lefu la tsoekere, le seng le ntse le le kotsi ho batho.

Lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le rarahaneng ebile le tšabeha ho batho, le na le litlamorao tse ke keng tsa fetoloa tse ka lebisang lefung. Haeba tsoekere e sa laoloe.

Tloaelo ea boleng ba tlhahlobo ena e tšoana hantle, e ke ke ea fetisoa, hobane tsohle tse jeoang ke motho ka likhoeli tse tharo li tla bonts'a tlhahlobo. Lifomong tsa teko, tlhahlobo ena e bontšoa ka mokhoa o latelang - HbA1C.

Ts'ebetsong ea bongaka, ho na le litafole tse ikhethang tse bapisang karolo ea Glycated Nemoglobin le glucose:

Kahoo, potsong ea glycosylated hemoglobin hore na ke eng, karabo e latelang e ka fanoa - ena ke hemoglobin ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, e amanang le glucose ke ts'ebetso e sa fetoheng. Lintlha tsa tlhahlobisong li bontšoa ka likhoeli tse tharo, tse u lumellang ho laola maemo a tsoekere ea mali. Tlhahlobo ea hemoglobin ea glycosylated e bohlokoa ho khetholla lefu - lefu la tsoekere.

Tlhahlobo ea hemoglobin ea glycosylated: Tsela ea ho nka, e tloaelehileng

Tlhahlobo ea HbA1C eu lumella ho lekola boemo ba hau ba tsoekere likhoeli tse tharo. Mokhoa ona o ka tšeptjoang o sa hloke boitokisetso bo khethehileng ba tlhahlobo ho tsoa ho mokuli. Mali a venous kapa a menoana ea menoana a nkuoa ho hlakola tlhahlobo, ho latela mohlahlobi.

Ho feta moo, terata ea eona e etsoa ka nako efe kapa efe ea letsatsi, ha ho hlokahale hore u ipolaise tlala, ho qoba 'mele le khatello ea maikutlo. Tlhahlobo ha e arabele sefuba, lits'ebetso tsa ts'oaetso, tse u lumellang ho nka mali ntle le ho emela hore mokuli a fole.

Mali a nkuoa e ka ba li-millilita tse 2,5 kapa 3, mme a tsoakoa le lithethefatsi (anticoagulant) tse thibelang ho bola ha mali. Tlhatlhobo e romelloa mme e amoheloa ka potlako haholo ebile e se bohloko. Teko ena eu lumella ho bona lijo tse mokuli a lutseng ho tsona.

U ka etsa liteko tsa hemoglobin ea glycosylated?

Lefu la tsoekere le tšaba pheko ena, joalo ka mollo!

U hloka ho kenya kopo ...

Motho ha a lokela ho fumana koetliso e khethehileng.

Ha ho hlokahale ho tla ka laboratoring ka mpeng e se nang letho - o ka ba le lijo tsa hoseng pele o nka mali.

Boikoetliso ba 'mele, khatello ea maikutlo, bokuli ba nakong e fetileng le lintho tse ling hape ha li ame haholo boemo ba letšoao le hlahlobiloeng. Mokuli o hloka ntho e le 'ngoe feela: etela laboratori ka nako efe kapa efe e loketseng.

Terata e entsoe ka mothapo kapa menoana (ho latela hore na ho kenngoa setifikeiti se feng setsing se itseng sa bongaka). Tlhahlobo e nka matsatsi a mararo ho isa ho a mane.

Matšoao a tšoaetso ea tšoelesa ea qoqotho le anemia e haelloang ke tšepe a ka sotha litholoana tsa tlhahlobo.

Ho hlalosa sephetho sa boithuto: litloaelo le lilemo

Ngaka e tiisa ho ba sieo ho felletseng ha monyetla oa ho ba le lefu la tsoekere haeba sesupo se sa fetele boleng ba 5.7%.

Joale, sena ke seo hemoglobin e tsoang ho sena e lokelang ho ba sona:

Kahoo, ho batho ba bacha ba phetseng hantle, boleng ba 6.5% bo nkoa e le tloaelo. Ona ke moeli o holimo. Haeba e fetisoa, tlhahlobo ea peleho e etsoa: lefu la tsoekere.

Ho atamela 6.5% e se e ntse e le lets'oao le tšosang. Kahoo:

• ho lumeloa hore monyetla oa ho ba le lefu la tsoekere ha o na "hemoglobin" ea "glycated" ho fihlela ho 5,7%,
• Nako e tlohang ho 5.7 ho isa ho 6% e fana ka maikutlo a hore u lokela ho ela hloko lijo le mokhoa oa bophelo,
• boemong ba 6.1 le 6.4, kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere e eketseha haholo, ho molemo ho buisana le ngaka.

Ha e le boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycated ho bana, mona litloaelo ha li tšoane le ho batho ba baholo - ho bana ba phetseng hantle ba sa pheleng ea ho ba le likotsi tsa metabolism ea carbohydrate, letšoao ha lea lokela ho feta 5.7%. Bakeng sa mabaka a 'mele, ho masea likhoeling tsa pele tsa bophelo, boleng ba 6.0% bo nkoa e le tloaelo.

Haeba matšoao a eketsehile, see se bolelang?

Boemong bona, ngaka e belaella nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere 'me e beha liteko tse ling. Leha ho le joalo, hole le maemo a phahameng a hemoglobin e lulang e le maemong a phahameng e bonts'a tlolo ea metabolism ea carbohydrate.

Mabaka a mang a etsang hore tlhahlobo ea hemoglobin ea glycated e phahamisoe:

• ho hloka boroko,
• tahlehelo e tebileng ea mali e tlang bakeng sa lipatlisiso
• khaello ea tšepe
• chefo ea joala
• uremia (lefu la liphio),
• ho hloleha ha rems
• maemo a eketsehang a hemoglobin ea fetal.

Glycohemoglobin e eketseha ka mofuta oa 1 le lefu la tsoekere la 2. Khetlong la pele, keketseho ea letšoao e etsahala ka lebaka la ho se khonehe hoa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea ho arola lik'habohaedreite (ea bobeli e lebisang ho kenyelletsong ea insulin) ke mmele.

Keketseho ea boemo ba letšoao le hlahlobiloeng ke letšoao le kotsi le hlokang kalafo ea bongaka le khalemelo ea bophelo.

Mabaka a ho fokotsa sesupo ka tlase ho se tloaelehileng

Haeba tlhahlobo ea biochemical e bonts'a hore glycogemoglobin ha e "fihle" se tloaelehileng - e bolelang?

Re thathamisa mabaka a ka fokotsang pontšo ka tlase ho standard:

• hypoglycemia,
• tahlehelo ea mali ea morao-rao
• ts'ebetso e mpe ea manyeme,
• ho se sebetse hantle ha sebete kapa liphio,
• Tšenyo ea pejana ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali 'meleng.

Ho fokotseha ha boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycated 'meleng ho na le letšoao le boletsoeng. Mokuli o tšoeroe ke ho otsela, ho lahleheloa ke pono, mokhathala o matla, ho teneha le ho akheha.

Litšenyehelo tsa tlhahlobo

Theko ea lipatlisiso tsa biomaterial e itšetlehile haholo ka toropo, mokhoa oa ho ithuta o sebelisitsoeng, hammoho le laboratori e ikhethang.

Litsenyehelo tse tlase tsa lits'ebeletso litsing tsa bongaka tsa naha ke li-ruble tse 400, tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa - li-ruble tse sekete.

Ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse phahameng, boikemisetso ba hemoglobin ea glycosylated e sebelisoa hangata haholo ho feta tlhahlobo ea tsoekere e tloaelehileng ea mali. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa hore mokhoa ona ha o lekane ho latela litaba tsa tlhahisoleseling, le bokhoni ba "ho bonts'a" lefu la tsoekere methating ea pele.