Mefarmil ea lithethefatsi: litaelo tsa tšebeliso

Setlhare ke sa sehlopha sa Biguanides, ntho e sebetsang ke dimethyl biguanide. E fumane semeleng sa Galega officinalis. Metformin e kena-kenana le tlhahiso ea tsoekere ke sebete (ts'ebetso ea gluconeogenesis), ka tsela eo e theola litekanyo tsa tsoekere ea mali. Ho tsamaellana le sena, sethethefatsi se eketsa kutloisiso ea li-insulin receptors, ho ntlafatsa ho monya ha eona, se khothaletsa oxidation e ntle ea mafura, se eketsa ts'ebeliso ea tsoekere, 'me e fokotsa ho amoheloa ha eona ho tsoa kemisong ea tšilo ea lijo.

Sesebelisoa se thusa ho fokotsa lihomone tsa qoqotho tse thusang ho thusa ho sebetsa ka har'a serame ea mali, e fokotsa cholesterol le lipoprotein tse tlaase, ka tsela eo, li thibela liphetoho tsa methapo ea methapo ea mali. Normalizing mali a coagulability, ho ntlafatsa eona rheological thepa, ka tsela eo thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ea thrombosis.

Tlhahlobo ea li-endocrinologists tsa Metformin e netefatsa leseli hore e thusa ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka botenya.

Analogs of Metformin

Li-analogu tsa Metformin li kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse latelang: Glucofage, Metformin-BMS, Metformin hydrochloride, Metformin-vero, Metformin-Richter, Formmetin, Formin Pliv, Glformin, Glucofag, Vero-Metformin Novoformin, Metospanin. Metfogamma, Siofor, Glycomet, Dianormet, Orabet, Bagomet, Gliminfor, Glycon.

Ho tloha ntlheng ea pono ea ts'ebetso ea pharmacological, analogue ea Metformin ke insulin.

Matšoao a ho sebelisoa

Ts'ebeliso ea Metformin e bonts'oa kalafong ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 le ts'ebetso e bolokiloeng ea renal, hammoho le mmuso oa prediabetes. Letšoao le tobileng la tšebeliso ke lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, le tsamaeang le botenya.

E boetse e sebelisoa e le karolo ea phekolo e rarahaneng ho phekola botenya.

Nakong ea ts'ebeliso ea eona ts'ebetsong ea bongaka, litlhahlobo tsa Metformin li ne li le ntle hoo ka mor'a ho etsa liteko tsa bongaka tse ba netefalitseng, ka 2007 sehlahisoa se khothalletsoang hore se sebelisoe molemong oa bongaka bakeng sa kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, e le tšebeliso ea kalafo ea insulin.

Litaelo tsa ts'ebeliso ea Metformin

Matlapa a Metformin a nkuoa ka thata kamora ho ja, ho noa metsi a mangata. Tekanyetso ea pele le ea pele ke 1000 mg ka letsatsi, lethal dose butle-butle le eketseha ho feta libeke tse 1-2, boleng ba lona bo fetoloa ka taolo ea data ea laboratori boemong ba tsoekere maling. Tekanyo e kholo e lumelletsoeng ke 3000 mg ka letsatsi. Tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi e ka sebelisoa ka nako e le 'ngoe, empa qalong ea phekolo, nakong ea phetoho, ho khothalletsoa ho e arola ka litekanyetso tse 2-3, tse thusang ho fokotsa litla-morao tsa moriana pampitšana ea gastrointestinal.

Khokahano e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea lithethefatsi maling a mali e bonoa lihora tse 2,5 ka mor'a tsamaiso, kamora lihora tse 6 e qala ho theoha. Kamora matsatsi a 1-2 a ho ja khafetsa, motsoako o sa khaotseng oa lithethefatsi maling o thehiloe, ho latela litekolo, Metformin e qala ho ba le phello e hlokomelehang libeke tse peli kamora ho qala taolo.

Ka tšebeliso e kopaneng ea Metformin le insulin, ho hlokahala hore ho be le tlhokomelo ea bongaka, ka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa insulin sepetlele.

Litlamorao

Ha e sebelisoa ho latela litaelo, Metformin hangata e mamelloa hantle ke bakuli, ka seoelo e baka litlamorao. Haeba ho na le letho, joale, joalo ka molao, le amahangoa le ho se mamellane ka sethethefatsi kapa ho sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling kapa tekanyetso e fetelletseng.

Ho latela maikutlo, Metformin hangata e baka tšilafalo ea lijo, e bonahatsoa ka mokhoa oa dyspepsia ka sebopeho se le seng, e le e 'ngoe ea matšoao a lactic acidosis. Ka tloaelo, matšoao a joalo a bonoa qalong ea thupelo le moriana, mme kamora nako ea ho fetoloa. Ho ea ka litaelo, Metformin ntlheng ena e tlameha ho sebelisoa ka tekanyetso e fokotsoang, ka lactic acidosis e matla, lithethefatsi li hlakotsoe.

Ka tšebeliso ea nako e telele, Metformin e kenya letsoho ho sitiseng phapanyetsano ea vithamine B12 (cyancobalamin), e thibela ho kenella ka popelong, e ka bakang matšoao a khaello ea mali ea B12. Boemo bona bo hloka khalemelo ea lithethefatsi.

Contraindication Metformin

Li-contraindication tse latelang li bontšoa taelong ea Metformin:

Lactic acidosis ea hona joale kapa e fetileng
Boemo bo botle
Hypersensitivity ho efe kapa efe ea likarolo tsa moriana,
Ts'ebetso ea renal e sa sebetseng hantle, le mafu a kopaneng a ka bakang tlolo e joalo.
Ho hloleha ha adrenal,
Ho hloleha ha sebete
Leoto la lefu la tsoekere
Maemo ohle a bakang ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng (ho hlatsa, lets'ollo) le hypoxia (ho thothomela, ho hloleha ha pelo le pelo),
Bokhoba ba tahi Re lokela ho hopola hore esita le ts'ebeliso e le 'ngoe e kopaneng ea Metformin le joala li ka baka mathata a matla a metabolic,
Mafu a tšoaetsanoang nakong ea maloetse a hlobaetsang a tsamaeang le feberu.
Mafu a sa foleng a sebuong,
Ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea postoperative,
Ho anyesa

Bokhachane, joalo ka bongoana, ha bo sa nkoa e le tlolo ea molao e phethahetseng bakeng sa ho sebelisa moriana, hobane ho ka khonahala ho fana ka Metformin bakeng sa kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere le bocha ba masea, leha ho le joalo, maemong ana, kalafo e ba teng ka tlasa taolo ea bongaka.

Litaelo tse khethehileng

Ka Metotherin monotherapy, ha ho na kotsi ea ho ba le hypoglycemia, kotsi e tšoanang ha e behelle kantle ho kalafo e rarahaneng ea lefu la tsoekere, mme mokuli o lokela ho lemosoa ka sena. Ts'ebeliso e kopaneng ea lithethefatsi tsena le "intravascular radiopaque" tse nang le iodine e thibetsoe. Tšebeliso efe kapa efe e kopaneng ea Metformin le sethethefatsi se seng se hloka tlhokomelo ea ngaka. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea bongaka, kalafo ea lithethefatsi e hlakotsoe matsatsi a 2-3 a nako ea ts'ebetsong. Taeo ea Metformin e fana ka mokhoa oa ho ja ka nako eohle ea kalafo, e thibelang litlhoro tse matla le marotholi a glucose ea mali, e leng ho bakang botsitso bophelong.